SWAMI VIVEKANAND COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, INDORE

EXPERIMENT No. 3
AIM: - To study gear trains and find out velocity ratio of various gear trains.

APPARATUS USED: - Models of Gear train system.

THEORY: -

GEAR TRAIN :- A gear train is a combination of gears used to transmit motion from one shaft
to another. It becomes necessary when it is required to obtain large speed reduction within a
small space. The following are the main types of gear trains:

(i) Simple gear train

(ii) Compound gear train

(iii) Reverted gear train

(iv) Planetary gear train

SIMPLE GEAR TRAIN :-

A series of gears, capable of receiving and transmitting motion from one gear to another is called
a simple gear train. In it, all the gear axes remain fixed relative to the frame and each gear is on a
separate shaft.

Train Value = Number of teeth on driving gear / Number of teeth on driven gear.

COMPOUND GEAR TRAIN :-

When a series of gears are connected in such a way that two or more gears rotate about an axis
with the same angular velocity, it is known as compound gear train. In this type, some of the
intermediate shafts.

Train Value = Product of Number of teeth on driving gear / Product of Number of teeth on
driven gear

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REVERTED GEAR TRAIN :-

If the axes of the first and last wheels of a compound gear coincide; it is called a reverted gear
train. Such an arrangement is used in clocks and in simple lathes where ‘back gear’ is used to
give a slow speed to the chuck.

Train Value = Product of Number of teeth on driving gear / Product of Number of teeth on
driven gear

PLANETARY OR EPICYCLIC GEAR TRAIN :-

When there exists a relative motion of axis in gear train, it is called a planetary or an epicyclic
gear train (or simply epicyclic gear or train). Thus in an epicyclic train, the axis of at least one of
the gears also moves relative to the frame.

Consider two gear wheels S and P, the axis of which are connected by an arm a. if the arm ‘a’ is
fixed, the wheels S and P constitute a simple train. However, if the wheel s is fixed so that the
arm can rotate about the axis of S, the wheel P would also move around S. therefore, it is an
epicyclic train.

DIFFERENTIAL GEAR :-

When a vehicle takes a turn, the outer wheels must travel farther than the inner wheels. In
automobiles, the front wheels can rotate freely on their axis and thus can adapt themselves to the
conditions. Both rear wheels are driven by the engine through gearing. Therefore, some sirt of
automatic device is necessary so that the two rear wheels are driven at slightly different speeds.
This is accomplished by fitting a differential gear on the rear axle.

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 SWAMI VIVEKANAND COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, INDORE

CALCULATION OF VELOCITY RATIOS:-

Q.1 A compound Gear train consists of six gears A,B,C,D,E and F. The number of teeth on the
gears is 60,40,50,25,30 and 24 respectively. The gears B and C are on one shaft while the gears
D and E are on another shaft. The gear A drives gear B, gear C drives gear D and gear E drives
gear F. If the gear A transmits 1.5 kW at 100 r.p.m. and the gear train has an efficiency of 80 per
cent, find the torque on gear F.

Q.2 In a reverted epicyclic gear train, the arm A carries two gears B and C and a compound gear
D - E. The gear B meshes with gear E and the gear C meshes with gear D. The number of teeth
on gears B, C and D are 75, 30 and 90 respectively. Find the speed and direction of gear C when
gear B is fixed and the arm A makes 100 r.p.m. clockwise.

Q.3 In an epicyclic gear train, the internal wheels A and B and compound wheels C and D rotate
independently about axis O. The wheels E and F rotate on pins fixed to the arm G. E gears with
A and C and F gears with B and D. All the wheels have the same module and the number of teeth
are : TC = 28; TD = 26; TE = TF = 18.

1. Sketch the arrangement; 2. Find the number of teeth on A and B;

3. If the arm G makes 100 r.p.m. clockwise and A is fixed, find the speed of B; and

4. If the arm G makes 100 r.p.m. clockwise and wheel A makes 10 r.p.m. counter clockwise; find
the speed of wheel B.

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 SWAMI VIVEKANAND COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, INDORE
Q.4 Two shafts A and B are co co-axial.
axial. A gear C (50 teeth) is rigidly mounted on shaft A. A
compound gear D-E gears with h C and an internal gear G. D has 20 teeth and gears with C and E
has 35 teeth and gears with an internal gear G. The gear G is fixed and is concentric with the
shaft axis. The compound gear DD-E
E is mounted on a pin which projects from an arm keyed to the
shaft
haft B. Sketch the arrangement and find the number of teeth on internal gear G assuming that all
gears have the same module. If the shaft A rotates at 110 r.p.m., find the speed of shaft B.

Q.5 A compound epicyclic gear is shown diagrammatically in Fig. The gears A, D and E are free
to rotate on the axis P. The compound gear B and C rotate together on the axis Q at the end of
arm F. All the gears have equal pitch. The number of external teeth on the gears A, B and C are
18, 45 and 21 respectively. The gea
gears
rs D and E are annular gears. The gear A rotates at 100 r.p.m.
in the anticlockwise direction and the gear D rotates at 450 r.p.m. clockwise. Find the speed and
direction of the arm and the gear E

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