Types:

ENGLISH REVIEWER
-elegies -riddle -religious poetry -narrative
I. JAZZ CHANTS -heroic verse -dream vision -love poetry
Ben Jonson Elements:
-June 11, 1572 – August 06, 1637 1. Speaker 5. Motif (recurring idea)
-London, England 2. Addressee (receiver) 6. Form (type and structure)
-Actor and playwright 3. Content (about and message/lesson) 7. Theme (message of the author
-Every man in His Humour (1598), Volpone (1605), The Silent Woman (1609), Song 4. Mood (overall feeling)
to Celia (Lyric Poem)
Recurring mood: Recurring theme/idea:
Lyric Poetry
-romantic -gloomy -“poison-made”
a. one of the three types of poetry; lyrical, dramatic, epic
-realistic -mournful -excessive love
b. personal thoughts and feelings of a single speaker
-optimistic -sorrowful -witchcraft
c. melodious song-like structure
-pessimistic
d. imagery, sound devices, and figurative languages
Characteristics: Literature:
Types:
-simplicity of language -reflects the way of life
 Sonnets – fourteen lines, typically having 10 syllables per line
 Rondeaus – French verse with 10-15 lines -predominance of dialogs -shows their interest
 Odes – structured poem praising or glorifying an event or individual -refrains repetition of words, -simple
 Elegies – written to praise and express sorrow for someone dead
 Ballads Phrases, or stanza

Anglo- American -supernatural touches

Literature
- reflects their way of life II. ELEMENTS OF EFFECTIVE SPEAKING
- shows their interest Verbal
- simple
- Topic – what is the speech about?
- Organization – How was the speech organized?  Intimate Distance : 6-18 in
- Did it use cohesive devices?  Personal Distance : 1.5-4 ft
INTRODUCTION : thesis statement, hook (catches the attention of the speaker;  Social Distance : 11-12 ft
can be a question, quote, or anecdote)  Public Distance : 12-25 ft
- Haptics (Touch)
BODY : talks about what the thesis is all about - Environments
- Artifacts
CONCLUSION : summary and restatement of thesis
- Audience – was the speech able to catch the attention of the audience?
III. SENTENCE PATTERNS
- was the speech appropriate for the target audience? The Eight Parts of Speech:
- Verb – action words MODALS – can, must, might, will, should,
- Goal – What is the speaker’s purpose in delivering the speech?
- Noun – person, place, thing, etc
would, etc.
- Was he/she successful in his/her goal? - Adverb – describes a verb
- Adjective – describes a noun or pronoun
Paraverbal - Interjection – emotions
- Stress – emphasis - Pronoun – replaces a noun
- Preposition – used before a noun, pronoun, to show place, time, direction in a
- Intonation – melodic pattern of speech or the rise and fall of pitch to achieve sentence
rhythm - Conjunction -join words or group of words in a sentence
S – LV – C
- Volume – loudness or softness of sound - Subject – topic or doer
- generally used to show emotions like anger, fear, excitement - Linking Verb – does not express action
-connects the subj to the compliment
- Pause - temporary stop signaled by the division of thought or by the comma or - Complement – can be adj., noun, pronoun
period - EX:
1. They are awake.
- Tempo – rate of speech 2. They seem happy.
- indicates the relative speed or slowness
S – IV
Non-Verbal - Subject – topic or doer
- Intransitive Verb – double action, does not need receiver
Kinesis
-Doesn’t need to answer “what?”
- Body Movements/ Gestures (eye contact and posture) - Transitive Verb – needs a receiver of the action
- EX:
- Personal Space 1. The criminals escaped.
 2. The cat meows. -story that illustrates a moral attitude or a religious principle

Allusion
IV. PARADOX
-brief reference to a person, place, thing, or idea of historical, cultural, literary, or
William Wordsworth political significance

-April 17, 1770 Foil

-Outside lake district in quaint market town of Cockermouth, Cumbria - character or characters in a story that has characteristics that opposes another
character that is usually the protagonist
-Hawkshead Grammar School
- another character who is in contrast with another character in the story
-Quit school to partake in a walking tour in Europe (1790)
Fable
-“Common Man”
- fictional story that features animals and teaches a moral lesson
Paradox
- directly or indirectly stated
-appears to be contradicting
Haiku
-may have a rout quality of truth
- type of poetry that follows a 5 -7 -5 pattern and is usually about the author’s
observations of nature

V. LITERARY DEVICES Irony

- used by authors to make their work more meaningful and interesting 1. Verbal – mean the opposite

- figures of speech, sensory devices, etc 2. Situational – the event that follows is different from what u were expecting

Hamartia 3. Dramatic – the audience knows something that the characters does not know

-tragic flaw or fatal flaw of a hero Epiphany

-a hero that appears to be perfect but with a flaw -sudden realization of one of the characters in the story

Parable
Hubris -part of a whole

- excessive pride or being too egoistic that leads to a hero’s downfall -“may I have your daughter’s hand?

- hamartia -asking for the whole

Mimesis Internal Rhyme

- literature mimics realiy -within the sentence can be found rhyming words.

Figures of Speech Parallelism

Parody - causes are parallel to each other

-imitative representation of the real world with deliberate exaggeration for Apostrophe
comic effect
-calling someone that is dead or not present

-directly calling
Satire
Poetic Justice
-like parody but has hint of political issues
-the good will always prevail over the bad
-use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people’s
stupidity particulary In the context of contemporary facults and other political -good vs. bad
issues
Euphamism
Onomatopeia
- not making a big deal out of small things
-sound effects
Alliteration
Personification
- repetition of sounds
-nature-people
Metonomy
Synecdoche
- representation for something or someone
 Aphorism - Can be: a single word or phrase

- umbrella term for morals and lessons Types:

Drama - ADDITION

-predominance of a dialog  Used to add additional info

 Also, and, as well as, again, in addition
Novel
-CONTRAST
-to be read
 Used to show difference or contrast
Fallen Hero  But, however, in contrast, rather, though, on one hand - on the other hand
- Committed hamartia -COMPARISON
Imagery
 show similarities
1. Auditory 4. Olfactory  Likewise, similarly, also, in the same way, in the same manner, in the same
fashion
2. Tactile 5. Gustatory
-EMPHASIS
3. Visual
 Definitely, extremely, naturally, always

-QUALIFICATION
VI. COHESIVE DEVISES
 To qualify a point
Transition  To limit a point or opinion
 Change something slightly
- bridges parts of you paper together  However, although, unless, but

- connects sentences in a paragraph smoothly so there are no abrupt jumps or -EXPRESSION

breaks between ideas
 To address a point or claim
-leads the reader to “build “/form an idea or thought  Expression of thought or opinion
-compare or draw conclusions from preceeding thoughts
-EXEMPLIFICATION

 To give examples
 For example, for instance, thus, to illustrate

-TIME AND SEQUENCE

 After, afterwards, in the future, since

-SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

 In all, in brief, to summarize, in summary, in short