Present in

1 out of 2 hospitals
worldwide

MUSICA
Agfa Patented Image processing software

Image Presentation and Manipulation - Musica1/2/3 Processing

1 NX Technical and Application: Application 1 Document ID 46464296 - Version 4.0

Unrestricted
 SELAMAT HARI RADIOGRAFI SEDUNIA
The Journey of Image Quality
1895 Now

2 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details”

Intelligent Image Processing

Looking deep into the universe

3 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details”
Intelligent Image Processing

Looking deep into the human body

4 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details”
Image Processing: The Pitfalls
▪ Conventional enhancement (e.g.
unsharp masking, edge
enhancement) can produce
artifacts around high-contrast
objects.

▪ Note the over-and undershoots

around the metal hardware,
which could be mistaken for
delamination.

▪ Intelligent Clinical Image

Processing is required.

MUSICA
5 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details”
Intelligent Image Processing

MUSICA
Multi-Scale Image Contrast Amplification

6 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details”

 Image Presentation and Manipulation - Musica
Enhancement Methods used in CR /DR imaging

M
U lti
S cale
I mage
C ontrast
A mplification
7 NX Technical and Application: Application 1 Document ID 46464296 - Version 4.0
MUSICA Intelligent Image Processing

No artifacts around the sharp

transitions while having a “sharp”
image.

8 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details”

MUSICA: Intelligent Image Processing

Standard MUSICA

9 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details”

MUSICA

10 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details”

MUSICA 3

▪ MUSICA contrast enhancement dibuat

pada pertengahan th 90, menggunakan
perhitungan matematis multiscale

▪ Generasi ketiga MUSICA

20
years

menggunakan algoritma Fractional

Multiscale Processing (FMP)

11 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details”

MUSICA: Intelligent Image Processing

▪ MUSICA1
▪ 2,000,000,000 instructions per image
▪ 200 instructions / pixel
▪ MUSICA2
▪ 3,000,000,000 instructions per image
▪ 300 instructions / pixel
▪ MUSICA3
▪ 10,000,000,000 instructions per image
▪ 1,000 instructions / pixel

MUSICA advances need increasing computing power

12 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details”
13 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details”
MUSICA: Intelligent Image Processing

MUSICA 3

Moore’s Law MUSICA 2

MUSICA 1

MUSICA advances need increasing computing power

14 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details”
MUSICA 1 >< MUSICA 2

Multi-scale transform. (a) MUSICA uses a pyramidal structure, with matrix sizes
decreasing continuously; (b) MUSICA2 uses a funnel (no sub-sampling in lower layers).

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MUSICA 2

The concept of the multi-scale transform. The original grayscale image (0) is
converted by low-pass filtering into a set of grayscale images (1-11) with
progressively lower spatial resolution. The lowest resolution image (11) is the
residual. The pixel-by-pixel difference between each pair of neighboring images
is a detail layer of the multi-scale representation, and contains details (contrast)
in a sub-band of the total frequency range.

16 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details”

MUSICA 2

The actual frequency content of the detail layers in the multi-scale transform. The
frequencies present in the original image are represented by the horizontal
dotted line. The frequency content of each detail layer (12 in this example) is
given by one of the curves.

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18 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details”
 MUSICA 2

▪ Multi-scale Processing
P -2, -2 P -2, -1

P -2, 0

P -1, -2 P -1, -1

P -1, 0
P 0, -2
P -2, 1

P 0, -1 P -2, 2
P 0, 0
P 1, -2
P -1, 1
P 1, -1 P -1, 2

P 1, 0 P 0, 1
P 2, -2
P 0, 2
P 2, -1

P 1, 1
P 2, 0
P 1, 2

P 2, 1
P 2, 2
High contrast edge

Contrast enhancement pada citra dikalkulasi berdasar atas pembobotan rata-rata

dari kernel pixels.

19 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details”

MUSICA 1 >< MUSICA 2

Example: Bone Rendering

21 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details”
MUSICA 1 >< MUSICA 2

Example: Bone Rendering

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MUSICA 1 >< MUSICA 2

Example: Soft Tissue Rendering

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MUSICA 3

▪ Fractional Multiscale Processing (FMP)

Pehitungan penguatan kontras

citra berdasar hubungan antara
central pixel , dan setiap pixel
disekelilingnya, atau setiap fraksi
kernel

Each pixel <=> central pixel

Each pixel <=> high contrast edge

High contrast edge

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 MUSICA 3
FMP
Keseimbangan soft tissue dan
overlapping bone structures

Visialisasi pada detail halus

citra abdomen

Detail untuk citra

mediastinum

Representasi asli untuk implan

dengan bone interfaces yang
jelas
Citra tajam pada trabecular
dan cortical bone
Pyramidal Image
Penggunaan teknologi FMP memungkinkan sistem untuk menampilkan true
enhancements pada setiap tingkat di pyramidal image
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MUSICA 2

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MUSICA 3

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MUSICA 2

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MUSICA 3

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MUSICA 2

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MUSICA 3

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MUSICA Intelligent Image Processing

▪ Konsistensi kualitas citra tinggi

▪ Berlaku untuk CR dan DR
▪ Adaptasi otomatis : kualitas citra akan
konstan terhadap parameter ukuran pasien,
kualitas tabung, factor eksposi , dll.
▪ Optimasi citra cest, skeleton, abdomen dan
neonatal
▪ Tidak perlu pengaturan Window level
▪ Sasaran :
▪ Best IQ, lowest possible dose, outstanding
workflow & productivity

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Before
Extract of portable chest.

Mu2
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After
Extract of portable chest.

Mu 3
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Before

Mu2
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After

Mu 3
37 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details”
MUSICA Intelligent Image Processing

▪ Sharp trabecular and cortical bone

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Before

Mu2
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After

Mu 3
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Before

Mu2
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After

Mu 3
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MUSICA Intelligent Image Processing

Balanced presentation of both soft tissue and overlapping bone

structures

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Before

Mu2
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After

Mu 3
45 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details”
MUSICA Intelligent Image Processing

▪ Konsistensi kualitas pada citra :

Visualization of subtle details in the abdomen

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Before

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After

Mu 3
48 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details”
MUSICA Intelligent Image Processing

▪ True representation of implants with clear bone interfaces

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Before

Mu2
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After

Mu 3
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MUSICA Intelligent Image Processing

▪ Active noise suppression

▪ Very important at low dose exposures (neonatal, pediatric,…)

(*) Dose reduction is possible when using CsI or GOS

52 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details” detectors with MUSICA.
MUSICA Intelligent Image Processing

▪ Memberikan citra yang optimal dengan dosis lebih rendah pada

neonatal, pediatric, dll dengan Active Noise Suppression

(*) Dose reduction is possible when using CsI or GOS

53 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details” detectors with MUSICA.
MUSICA Intelligent Image Processing

▪ MUSICA uses Active Noise Reduction

Standard Processing Active Noise Reduction

(*) Dose reduction is possible when using CsI or GOS

54 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details” detectors with MUSICA.
MUSICA Intelligent Image Processing

55 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details”

MUSICA Neonatal

56 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details”

MUSICA Neonatal

57 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details”

MUSICA Neonatal

58 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details”

MUSICA Neonatal

59 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details”

MUSICA Neonatal

60 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details”

MUSICA Neonatal

61 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details”

MUSICA Neonatal

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MUSICA Neonatal

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MUSICA Intelligent Image Processing

▪ Anti-Scatter
▪ Large patients, no grid,…

64 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details”

MUSICA Intelligent Image Processing
Non Agfa DR Agfa DR with MUSICA

MUSICA megkalkulasi frequency of scatter dan menggunakan

multi-frequency subtraction untuk mengurangi scatter
65 MUSICA: “The diagnosis is in the details”
 MUSICA Intelligent Image Processing: No Grid
100 kVp 100 kVp
No Grid No Grid

MUSICA 2 MUSICA 3

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MUSICA Intelligent Image Processing

▪ Survey online oleh Barco, atas dose reduction MUSICA

▪ 91% of radiologists mementingkan image quality
▪ 77% mementingkan efficient workflow
▪ MUSICA menggabungkan image quality dan workflow efficiency!

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MUSICA Intelligent Image Processing

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 The Gold Standard in Clinical Image Processing

20+ years of experience: “The diagnosis is in the details”