may: a term that indicates a provision is neither required nor prohibited. mechanical joint: a joint for the purpose of mechanical strength or leak resistance, or both, in which the mechanical strength is developed by threaded, grooved, rolled, flared, or flanged pipe ends; or by bolts, pins, toggles, or rings; and the leak resistance is developed by threads and compounds, gaskets, rolled ends, caulking, or machined and mated surfaces. miter or miter bend: forthepurposesofthisCode,twoor more straight sections of pipe matched and joined in a plane bisecting the angle of junction so as to produce a change in direction greater than 3 deg. nominal:anumericalidentificationofdimension,capacity, rating, or other characteristic used as a designation, not as an exact measurement. Normal Fluid Service: see fluid service. normalizing: see heat treatment. notch-sensitive:describesametalsubjecttoreductionin strength in the presence of stress concentration. The degree of notch sensitivity is usually expressed as the strength determined in a notched specimen divided by the strength determined in an unnotched specimen, and can be obtained from either static or dynamic tests. NPS: nominal pipe size (followed, when appropriate, by the specific size designation number without an inch symbol). orbital welding: automatic or machine welding in which the electrode rotates (orbits) around the circumference of a stationary pipe or tube. owner: the person, partnership, organization, or business ultimately responsible for design, construction, operation, and maintenance of a facility. oxygen-arc cutting (OAC): an oxygen-cutting process that uses an arc between the workpiece and a consumable electrode, through which oxygen is directed to the workpiece. For oxidation-resistant metals, a chemical flux or metal powder is used to facilitate the reaction. oxygen cutting (OC): a group of thermal cutting processes that severs or removes metal by means of the chemical reaction between oxygen and the base metal at elevated temperature. The necessary temperature is maintained by the heat from an arc, an oxyfuel gas flame, or other source. oxygen gouging: thermal gouging that uses an oxygen cutting process variation to form a bevel or groove. packaged equipment: an assembly of individual pieces or stages of equipment, complete with interconnecting piping and connections for external piping. The assembly may be mounted on a skid or other structure prior to delivery. petroleum refinery: an industrial plant for processing or handling of petroleum and products derived directly from petroleum. Such a plant may be an individual gasoline