Republic of the Philippines

CARLOS HILADO MEMORIAL STATE COLLEGE

TALISAY CITY, NEGROS OCCIDENTAL

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Now a days, one of the major concerns the humankind is facing is the generation

humungous amount of waste on a daily basis. These waste range from all types by some

being decomposable, while others are non-degradable. We simply keep producing waste

and then, dump it somewhere without giving second thought the menace created by us. The

non-degradable wastes pose a serious threat to the Earth and the other animals including

the human life. The harmful chemicals released by these waste is hazardous for the health.

(http://www.sinoshredder.com/biomass-shredder-minimize-the-waste-generation/)
 Republic of the Philippines
CARLOS HILADO MEMORIAL STATE COLLEGE
TALISAY CITY, NEGROS OCCIDENTAL
 Republic of the Philippines
CARLOS HILADO MEMORIAL STATE COLLEGE
TALISAY CITY, NEGROS OCCIDENTAL

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

Generally, the main objective of this study is how to develop Portable Biomass shredder.

Specifically, it aims to:

1. design and construct a portable biomass shredder.

2. to be able to help our environment to eliminate that could be harmful to our health.

3. the function of the device or machine to help our community.

SCOPE AND LIMITATION

The coverage of this study is to assemble, construct, install and testing, revising, and

evaluating the quality in terms of parts and its functions, procedures in the operations of

the device /machine.

 Republic of the Philippines
CARLOS HILADO MEMORIAL STATE COLLEGE
TALISAY CITY, NEGROS OCCIDENTAL

The study for the Mini Biomass Shredder is to help eliminating the waste/garbage that could

treat to our health.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study is significance of the following:

Student – the result of this study benefitted to them

Public - It is useful to people it can work in industries, school, shops and etc.

Community – it is useful to the community

DEFINITION OF TERMS

The following terms are conceptually, operationally and technologically defined.

1.) Shredder -

2.) Biomass - is plant or animal material used for energy production (electricity or heat), or

in various industrial processes as raw material for a range of products.[1] It can be purposely

grown energy crops (e.g. miscanthus, switchgrass), wood or forest residues, waste from

food crops (wheat straw, bagasse), horticulture (yard waste), food processing (corn cobs),

animal farming (manure, rich in nitrogen and phosphorus), or human waste from sewage

plants.[2]
 Republic of the Philippines
CARLOS HILADO MEMORIAL STATE COLLEGE
TALISAY CITY, NEGROS OCCIDENTAL

Burning plant-derived biomass releases CO2, but it has still been classified as a renewable

energy source in the EU and UN legal frameworks because photosynthesis cycles the

CO2 back into new crops. In some cases, this recycling of CO2 from plants to atmosphere and

back into plants can even be CO2 negative, as a relatively large portion of the CO2 is moved

to the soil during each cycle.

Cofiring with biomass has increased in coal power plants, because it makes it possible to

release less CO2 without the cost associated with building new infrastructure. Co-firing is not

without issues however, often an upgrade of the biomass is beneficiary. Upgrading to higher

grade fuels can be achieved by different methods, broadly classified as thermal, chemical, or

biochemical (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomass)

3.) Humungous –

4.) Decomposable -

5.) Non-degradable –
 Republic of the Philippines
CARLOS HILADO MEMORIAL STATE COLLEGE
TALISAY CITY, NEGROS OCCIDENTAL

CHAPTER 2

RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter presents the review of literature taken from internet and other related

magazine. It includes the history and development of portable biomass shredder.

HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF A BIOMASS SHREDDER

Through history Biomass energy covers the entire life of our planet.

-This type of energy has been used since the cave-men discovered fire.

-Biomass did not receive its name until the 1970's

-In the 1970's, scientists became interested in the possibility of replacing fossil fuels with

biomasses.

-Around 1975, " Biomass" became the official name of the energy.

-In the 1980's, Office of Technology Assessment estimated that over 1/4 of the U.S. needs to

be fulfilled using biomass material. Although this will not happen until people stop using

fossil fuels.

-In the 2000's, the U.S. government developed a program to use biomass by the co-firing

method. This program, however, was not successful. The idea was revived and a great deal
 Republic of the Philippines
CARLOS HILADO MEMORIAL STATE COLLEGE
TALISAY CITY, NEGROS OCCIDENTAL

of money was being spent. (https://biomass-energy-project.weebly.com/, by: Braidyn

Stacey).

Developing of Shredder Machine The first generation of shredders Most of the first

generation of the transmission mechanism is driven by a belt with low noise, but the belt

may be pulled and deformed after long working hours, even the breaking phenomenon, and

the surface of the belt teeth is easily worn and the machine running may slip. The second

generation of shredders Plastic gear rolls, because it is difficult to master injection and

shrinking process accurately of the shredder machine, resulting in the low accuracy of the

gear itself. And running at high speed, the noise is large. Due to the brittle plastic parts, poor

toughness, it is prone to appear the phenomenon of broken teeth. The third generation

shredders Metal sprocket: quiet operation, low energy loss, efficient cutting, and the perfect

coordination of the various components of the system achieve the compelling features. The

fourth generation of shredder machine. The drive mechanism of shredder machine is the

metal gear, although the metal gears overcome the above drawbacks, it is difficult to avoid

the impact of the metal gear and friction sound. Due to the mounting accuracy of the metal

bodies, the lubrication conditions of the gear meshing, technical and maintenance of the

lubrication effect and uncontrollable long-term operation, there will be a lot of noise at

high-speed operation. The fifth generation of shredder machine Diamond snug movement,

it takes use of alloy steel materials, quenching process of metal tool, completely CNC

machining technology, and the workmanship guarantee transmission installation accuracy,

so the wear is reduced to a minimum to ensure the stability of product quality and reduce
 Republic of the Philippines
CARLOS HILADO MEMORIAL STATE COLLEGE
TALISAY CITY, NEGROS OCCIDENTAL

noise. We can assurance the quality of single shaft shredder with the super full rigid all-

metal gear which is made of steel roller knife, high quality powerful motor. The sixth

generation of shredders (modern)Currently, the high-tech multimedia high series grinder

has the high technology content which can be used to broken CD-ROM, floppy disk, tape,

video, etc. and the embedded button panel with a protective film ensure the function of the

way forward, rewind, stop, and full stop. In the modern world, we pay attention to care for

the quality of life, we have higher

2. requirements for the environmental protection of the product functionality,

performance, security, therefore, the functions, such as carton storage partitions, motor

overheating protection, load automatic shutdown function, storage carton not closed the

automatic power-off are be more and more used in the room.As the subsidiary of

Guangzhou Lianguan Machinery Co., Ltd., Guangzhou E Machinery Co., Ltd. specialized in

developing and producing a series of environmental protection recycling machines, such as

tire recycling machines, cable recycling machines, circuit board recycling machines, timber

recycling machines, aluminum and plastic packing recycling machines, plastic recycling line,

shredder machine, and so on. (http://machine.china-fillingmachine.com).

 Republic of the Philippines
CARLOS HILADO MEMORIAL STATE COLLEGE
TALISAY CITY, NEGROS OCCIDENTAL

CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

This chapter present the brief description of the supplies and materials, tools and

equipment, construction time frame and cost of the product.

A. SUPPLIES AND MATERIALS

The descriptive presentation to the supplies and materials and their cost used in the

construction of the project are listed in Table 1.

 Republic of the Philippines
CARLOS HILADO MEMORIAL STATE COLLEGE
TALISAY CITY, NEGROS OCCIDENTAL

TABLE 1

Bill of Supplies and Materials needed in the construction.

QTY UNIT DESCRIPTION UNIT COST TOTAL

Stainless steel sheet AISI 304 3mm, 5mm & 6mm

Hex rod 27mm

Round rod 25mm ( According to the gearbox )

Pillow block bearing ID 20mm

10mm Threaded rod

Mesh

Metal sheet for hopper 1mm

3 phase 2 Hp motor

70 rpm 2 Hp gearbox

1.25" square pipe for the base

1.25" x 4mm angle

Forward and reverse switch

TOTAL PRICE
 Republic of the Philippines
CARLOS HILADO MEMORIAL STATE COLLEGE
TALISAY CITY, NEGROS OCCIDENTAL

B. TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

Table 2 show the tools and equipment use in the construction of the project and

their function .

TABLE 2

Tools and Equipment and their function.

NAME OF TOOL /EQUIPMENT FUNCTION

1.Tools

a. Ballpeen hammer

b. Wrench

c. Acetylene

d. Oxygen

e. Face shield

f. Welding mask

2. Equipment

a. Welding Machine

b. Cutting torch w/ complete acc.

c. Drill press

d. Grinder

C. PROCEDURE:
 Republic of the Philippines
CARLOS HILADO MEMORIAL STATE COLLEGE
TALISAY CITY, NEGROS OCCIDENTAL

1. Cut all the pieces for the shredder using laser cutting or plasma cutter. CAD files are

available and you can send them to your nearby laser cutting shop. Once all the

pieces are cut you need to smooth the edges using sander so that it fits altogether

nicely. These pieces are like a puzzle and I have welded 3mm pieces as shown in the

picture. This is the core element of our project which does the magic by converting

small bottles into small flakes.

You will also need to taper holes in the 6mm sheet to make some space for the bolt

head. I have used a 20mm drill bit for this.

2. Round the hex rod from the ends. Space needed in between is 145mm for blades.

You can follow the pattern to arrange blades using dots present on it. You can take

help from the video. You can also use a different configuration .

3. Cut 4 pieces of threaded rod of 8" and arrange the blades as shown. Try this video

for help and better insight.

4. Make sure everything works smoothly. Tighten up the bolts and weld the joints for

the 3mm sheet. You will need a small mesh that determines the output of the

shredder.

5. Next thing you will need is a motor and a gearbox which will provide power to our

shredder. I am using a 3 phase 2 Hp 1400 rpm motor which is the minimum

requirement. Gearbox is of 1:20 ration so the output that we will get is 70 rpm. I

have made a shaft and coupling to connect it with the shredder. I have not shared
 Republic of the Philippines
CARLOS HILADO MEMORIAL STATE COLLEGE
TALISAY CITY, NEGROS OCCIDENTAL

the specifications as you need to make yours according to your requirement and

type of gearbox.

6. Make a base with 1.25" square pipe and try to make it low so that it is stable during

the process. Specification of my base is 40"x 15" and 30" height. I have used 2" long

& 4mm thick angle to fix shredder and motor with the base.

7. Next thing that will need to make a hopper through which plastic goes in and making

a square one so that we can create a little pressure from above. I have used 4 x 6"x

17" sheet and bend it at one end to screw it with the shredder.

8. After paintwork and electrical connections, it is ready to shred.

 Republic of the Philippines
CARLOS HILADO MEMORIAL STATE COLLEGE
TALISAY CITY, NEGROS OCCIDENTAL

IMAGES:
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CARLOS HILADO MEMORIAL STATE COLLEGE
TALISAY CITY, NEGROS OCCIDENTAL

SCHEMATIC DESIGN: