1.

Ballard score

2. Lubchenco
3. Neonatal Respiratory distress syndrome
Diagnosis and severity: chest radiograph, arterial blood gasses, and pulse oximetry.
History, PF, simple laboratory test to rule out non-cardiopulmonary causes.

Causes of respiratory distress in newborn:

Noncardiopulmonary
Hypothermia or hyperthermia
Hypoglycemia
 Polycythemia
Metabolic acidosis
Drug intoxications or withdrawal
Insult to the central nervous system
Asphyxia
Hemorrhage
Neuromuscular disease
Phrenic nerve injury
Skeletal dysplasia
Cardiovascular
Left-sided outflow tract obstruction
Hypoplastic left heart
Aortic stenosis
Coarctation of the aorta,
interrupted aortic arch
Cyanotic lesions
Transposition of the great
vessels
Total anomalous
pulmonary venous return
Tricuspid atresia
Right-sided outflow
obstruction
Respiratory tract
Upper airway obstruction
Choanal atresia
Vocal cord paralysis
Subglottic stenosis
Lingual thyroid
Meconium aspiration
Clear fluid aspiration
Transient tachypnea
Pneumonia
Pulmonary hypoplasia
Hyaline membrane disease
Pneumothorax
Pleural effusions
Mass lesions
Lobar emphysema
Cystic adenomatoid
malformation
Congenital diaphragmatic
hernia

a. Meconium Aspiration Syndrome

-
b. Transient Tachypnea (Retained fetal lung fluid)
- Respiratory distress is typically present at birth,
- Mild to moderate oxygen requirement (25%-50% O2)
- Infant at term, late preterm, non-asphyxiated, born following a
short labor or caesarean section without food labor
 - Pathogenesis related to delayed clearance of fetal lung fluid via the
circulation and pulmonary lymphatics
- Chest radiograph shows perihilar streaking and fluid in interlobar
fissures
- Resolution 12-24 hrs
- Treatment nasal CPAP can be very helpful in the clearance of the
fluid
-
c. Congenital Pneumonia
-
d. Spontaneous pneumothorax
-
e. Other respiratory tract causes
4. RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME (HYALINE MEMBRANE DISEASE)
Diprint
5. NEONATAL JAUNDICE
a.