1.What is log 81 243 equal to?

a) 0.75 b) 1.25 c)1.5 d) 3

17.If log10 z = 0.3010 and log10 7 =0.8451 ,then the value of log10 2.8 is :

a) 0.4471 b) 1.4471 c)2.4471 d) 3.4471

19. If log10 6 = 0.7782 and log10 8 = 0.9031 , then What is the value of log10 8000 + log10 600 ?

a) 4.6813 b)5.5813 c)1.5813 d) 6.6813

9
16. If log (0.57) =0.756, then the value of (log 57+ log (0.57)3+ log√0.57 - ) is?
2

a) 0.902 b)1.902 c)1.146 d)2.146

23. If log10 a = p and log10 b =q, then what is the value of log10(aP.b2)?
p2
a) p2+ q2b)p 2 -q2c)p2q2 d) q2

(log 10)
28. What is the value of (log 13 ?
169 10)

1
a)2 b)2 c)1 d)log10 13

25. What is the value of [log10(5 log10 100)] ?

a) 4 b)3 c)2 d)1

1
27. What is the value of[ log10 125 − 2 log10 4 + log10 32 + log10 1]?
3

1 2
a) 0 b) 5 c) 1 d)5

1
26.What is the value of 2 log10 25 - 2log10 3 + log10 18 ?

a) 2 b)3 c)1 d)0

1
22. The value of 5 log10 3125 -4 log10 2 + log10 32 is

a) 0 b)1 c)2 d)3

75 5 32
18. The simplified form of [ log - 2 log + log ]is
16 9 243

a) log 2 b) 2 log 2 c) log 3 d)log 5

 5 128 5
29. What is the value of 2 log (8 ) + log( 125 ) +log( 2 ( ?

a) 0 b)1 c)2 d)5

3 4 5
24. What is log10( 2 ( + log10(3 ( + log10(4) + ..... upto 8 terms equal to ?

a) 0 b)1 c)log10 5 d) None Of these

30. If log a (ab) = x , then what is log b (ab) equal to ?

1 x x x
a) b) c) d)
x x+1 1−x x−1

20. What is the number of digits in 2 40?

a)14 b)13 c)12 d)11

21. The number of digits in 330 is n and itis given that log10 3 = 0.4771. What is the value of n?

a) 13 b)14 c)15 d)16

Statistics &logarithm: Solutions (Level1)

 5 5
1) B) log 81 243 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 4 35= log 3 3 = =1.25(Sourabh)
4 4

17)(A) log10 2 = 0.3010,log10 7 = 0.8451

log10 2. 8 = log10 28 - log10 10

= log10( 7× 22 ) - log10 10

= log10 7 +2 log10 2 -1

= 0.8451 + 0.6020 -1

= 0.4471

Alternate Method

log10 2<log10 2.8<log10 3 (if we remember log 3)

0.310<log10 2.8< 0.4771

Only option (a) satisfies

19) (D)log10 6 = 0.7782,log10 8 = 0.9031

log10 8000 +log10 600= log10 8 + log10 1000 + log10 6 + log10 100

= 0.9031 + log10(10)3+ 0.7782 + log10 10 2

=1.6813 +3+2

= 6.6813

16) (A)log(0.57)= 0.756

9
So, (log 57+ log (0.57)3+log √0.57 -2 )

1 9
= log[( 0.57)X 100] +3log 0.57 +2 log 0.57 -2

1 9
= log 0.57 + log 100 +3log 0.57 +2 log 0.57 -2

9 9
=2 log 0.756 + log 102 - -2

9 9
=2 × 0.756 + 2 log 10 − 2

9
= 2 (0.756-1) +2
 9
= -2× 0.244 + 2

= -9 × 0.122+2

= -1.098+2

= 0.902

23) (A)log10 𝑎 = p andlog10 𝑏 = q

So, log10 (aP- bq) = log10 ap+ log10 𝑏q

=
p(log10 𝑎) + q( log10 𝑏)

= p2+ q2
log 10 log 10 log13 10
28) (B)log 13 = log( 13 =1 = 2(Sourabh)
169 10 13)2 10 log13 10
2

25) (D) [log10(5 log10 100)]2 = [ log10(5 log10 (10)]2

= [log10(5 × 2 ) log10 10)]2

=[log10(10)]2

= (1)2= 1
1
27) (C)3 log10 125 -2 log10 4 + log10 32 + log10 1

1
= 3 log10 53– 2 log10 (2)2 +log10(2)5 + 0

3
= 3 log10 5 - 4 log10 2 + 5 log10 2

= log10 5 + log10 2 = log10 (5 × 2) = log10 10 = 1

1
26) (C) 2 log10 25 - 2log10 3 + log10 18

1
= log10(5)2– 2 log10 3 + log10( 2×32 )
2

2
= 2 log10 5 -2 log10 3 + log10 2 +2 log10 3

= log10 5 + log10 2

= log10 (5 × 2)

= log10 10 = 1
 1
22) (B) 5 log10 3125 - 4 log10 2 + log10 32

1
= 5 log10(5)5 - 4 log10 2 + log10 (2)5

5
= 5 log10 5 - 4 log10 2 + 5 log10 (2)

log10 5+ log10 2

= log10(5 × 2)

= log10 10 = 1
75 5 32
18) (A) log -2 log + log
16 9 243

=log (75) – log 16 -2log5 +2log 9 + log32 – log243

= log (25)+ log 3 – log (2)4-2log 5 + 2log (3)2+ log(2)5– log(3) 5

= log(5)2+ log 3 -4log2 -2log5 +6log3 + 5 log2 -5 log3

= 2log 5 - 2log 5 +log 2

=log 2

5 128 5
29) (A) 2log ( ) + log( ) + log( )
8 125 2

=2log 5- 2log8 + log(128) – log(125) + log(5) – log(2)

= 3log5 – 2 log (2)3 + log(2)7– log(5)3 - log 2

= 3log 5 – 6log 2 +7log 2 -3log 5 –log2

=0

3 4 5
24) (C)log10 (2) + log10 (3) + log10 (4) + ………8 terms

= [log10 3 - log10 2 + log10 4 - log10 3 + log10 5 -log10 4 + ………+ log10 10 - log10 9]

10
= -log10 2 + log10 10= log10( ) =log10 5
2
30) (D) log 𝑎 (𝑎𝑏) = x

log 𝑎 𝑎 + log 𝑎 𝑏 =x

 1+ log 𝑎 𝑏 =x

log 𝑎 𝑏 = x-1
1
log 𝑏 𝑎 = 𝑥−1

1
log 𝑏 𝑎 + 1= 𝑥−1 +1

1+(𝑥−1)
log 𝑏 𝑎 + log 𝑏 𝑏 = (𝑥−1)

𝑥
log 𝑏 (𝑎𝑏) = (𝑥−1)

20) (B)Let x = 240


log10 𝑥 = 40 log10 2
=
40× 0 .3010 = 12.04

So, x has (12+1) =13 digits

21) (C) Let x = 330

log10 𝑥 = 30 log10 3

= 30 X 0.4771 = 14.313

So, x has (14+1) =15 digits. Hence, n=15

Statistics & Logarithms Exercise

Level 2
𝑟
13.If logr6=m and logr3=n, then what is logr(2) equal to?
 (a) m-n+1 (b) m+n-1 (c) 1-m-n (d) 1-m+n
3
21,If log10 x – log10 √𝑥 = 6logx 10, then the value of x is

(a) 10 (b) 30 (c) 100 (d) 1000

10
16.What is the solution of the equation xlog10( 3 )+log103 = log10(2+3x)+x?

(a) 10 (b) 3 (c) 1 (d) 0

18.If log12 27=a, then log6 16 is:

(3−𝑎) (3+𝑎) 4(3+𝑎) 4(3−𝑎)
(a) 4(3+𝑎) (b) 4(3−𝑎) (c) (3−𝑎)
(d) (3+𝑎)

𝑎
20.What is the value of √ , if log4 . log4 (4)a-b = 2log4 (√𝑎 − √𝑏) + 1
𝑏

5 5
(a) -3 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 1

22.If log13 . log21[√𝑥 + 21 + √𝑥] =0, then the value of x is

(a) 21 (b) 13 (c) 81 (d) None of the above

24, If log7 log5(√𝑥 + 5 + √𝑥) =0, find the value of x

(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) 2 (d) None of these

25. If log2 [log7 (x2 – x + 37)] = 1, then what could be the value of x?

(a) 3 (b) 5 (c) 4 (d) None of these

1 1 1
19.Simplify : [ + + ]
𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑥𝑦 (𝑥𝑦𝑧) 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑦𝑧 (𝑥𝑦𝑧) 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑧𝑥 (𝑥𝑦𝑧)

(a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 3 (d) 2

1 1 1
23.Simplify 𝑙𝑜𝑔 + + =?
𝑥 𝑦𝑧+1 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑦 𝑥𝑧+1 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑥 𝑥𝑦+1

log 𝑥𝑦𝑧
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) xyz (d) log 𝑥𝑦𝑧+1

11.What are the roots of the equation log10 (x2 – 6x + 45)=2?

(a) 9,-5 (b) -9,5 (c) 11,-5 (d) -11,5

𝑥
15,What are the roots of the equation 2x+2, 27𝑥−1 =9?

(a) 2,1-log 2 3 (b) 2,1-log 3 2 (c) -2,1-log 2 3 (d) -2,1-log 3 2

 14.What is the solution of

log10 [1-{1-(1-x2)-1}-1]-1/2 = 1?

(a) x=100 (b) x=10 (c) x=1 (d) x=0

12.What is the value of [log 1 2] . [log 1 3] . [log 1 4]……….[log 1 1000]?

2 3 4 1000

(a) 1 (b) -1 (c) 1 or -1 (d) 0

17.For 0<m<1, which one of the following is correct?

(a) log10 m<m2<m <m-1 (b) m<m-1<m2<log10m

(c) log10m<m <m-1<m2 (d) log10m<m-1 <m <m2

Statistics &logarithms : Solutions

Level 2

13 (D) logr 6 = m, logr 3 = n

 𝑟
log 𝑟 ( )= logrr - logr2
2

6
= 1 – log 𝑟 (3)

= 1- (logr6 – logr3)

1-(m-n) = 1-m+n

(21) (D) log10 𝑥 − log10 (𝑥)1/3= 6 log 𝑥 10

1 6
log10 𝑥 − log10 𝑥 =
3 log10 𝑥

2 6
3 log10 𝑥 = log
10 𝑥

(log10 𝑥)2 = 9

log10 𝑥 = ± 3
1
𝑥 = 103 = 1000, or, x = 10-3 =
1000

So, both answers are correct. But, we have given only one option, which is 1000. So, answer is option
(D).

10
(16) (D) xlog10 ( 3 ) + log10 3 = log10(2 + 3𝑥 ) + x

 x( log10 10 − log10 3) + log10 3 = log10 2 + log10 3𝑥 + x

 x( 1 − log10 3) + log10 3 = log10 (2 + 3𝑥 )+ x

 𝑥 − 𝑥 log10 3 + log10 3 = log10 (2 + 3𝑥 )+ x

log10 3(1 − 𝑥) = log10(2 + 3𝑥 )

log10(3 − 3𝑥) - log10(2 + 3𝑥 ) = 0

3−3𝑥
log10 [ ] =0
2+ 3𝑥

3−3𝑥
2+ 3𝑥 = 100 = 1

 3 – 3x = 2 + 3𝑥

3𝑥 + 3x = 1

So, x = 0

(18) (D) log12 27 = a

 log 27
log6 12 = a
6

log (3)3
log 6(3×4) = a
6

3 log6 3
log =a
6 3+log6 4

6
3 log6 ( )
 6
2
=a
log6 ( )+2 log6 2
2

3 log6 6−3 log6 2

log =a
6 6− log6 2+2 log6 2

3 −3 log 2
 1 + log 62 = a
6

𝑎
1 − log 6 2 = (1 + log 6 2)
3
𝑎 𝑎
1 − log 6 2 = 3 + 3 log 6 2
𝑎 𝑎
 1 - 3 = (3 + 1)(( log 6 2)
3−𝑎
( ) 3−𝑎
log 6 2 = 3
𝑎+3 = 𝑎+3
3

4(3−𝑎)
 4log 6 2 =
(𝑎+3)

4(3−𝑎)
log 6 16 = (𝑎+3)

(20) (C) log 4 [log 4(4)𝑎−𝑏 ] = log 4 (√𝑎 − √𝑏) + 1

2
log 4 [(a − b)log 4 4] = log 4 (√𝑎 − √𝑏) + 1

log 4 (𝑎 − 𝑏) = log 4 (𝑎 + 𝑏 − 2√𝑎𝑏) +log4 4

log 4 (𝑎 − 𝑏) = log 4 (4(𝑎 + 𝑏 − 2√𝑎𝑏))

 a – b = 4(𝑎 + 𝑏 − 2√𝑎𝑏)

Dividing by b, we get

𝑎 𝑎 𝑎
𝑏
– 1 = 4 (𝑏 + 1 − 2√𝑏 )

𝑎 𝑎
3 𝑏 – 8√𝑏 + 5 = 0
 𝑎 8±√(−8)2 −4×3×5
√𝑏 = 2×3

8 ± √64 − 60
=
6
𝑎 8±2
√ =
𝑏 6

𝑎 8+2 5 𝑎 8−2
√𝑏 = 6
= 3, or, √𝑏 = 6
=1

a a
but, if √b =1 ,√a = √b, which will make the value of log 4 ( √a − √b) = log 4 0 which is undefined√b =
5
3

(22) (D) log13log 21 [√𝑥 + 21 + √𝑥] = 0

log 21[√𝑥 + 21 + √𝑥] = 130 = 1

√𝑥 + 21 + √𝑥 = 211= 21

√𝑥 + 21 + √𝑥 = 211= 21

√𝑥 + 21 = 21 − √𝑥

On squaring, both sides we get,

(x + 21) = 441 + x – 42 √𝑥

 42 √𝑥= 420

√𝑥 = 10

 x = 100

so, answer is option (D) None of these

(24) (B) log 7 log 5 (√𝑥 + 5 + √𝑥) = 0

log 5 (2√𝑥 + 5) = 70 = 1

(2√𝑥 + 5) = 51 = 5

2√𝑥 = 0

x = 0

(25) (c) log 2 [log 7 (𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 37)] = 1

 log 7 (𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 37) = 21 = 2

(𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 37) = 72 = 49

𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 12 = 0

𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 3𝑥 − 12 = 0

 (x-4) (x +3) = 0

So, x = - 3 and x = 4

Both can be the answer. so, option (c) is correct.

1 1 1
(19) (D) (log + + )
𝑥𝑦 (𝑥𝑦𝑧) log𝑦𝑧 (𝑥𝑦𝑧) log𝑥𝑧 (𝑥𝑦𝑧)

= log 𝑥𝑦𝑧 𝑥𝑦 + log 𝑥𝑦𝑧 𝑦𝑧 + log 𝑥𝑦𝑧 𝑥𝑧

log 𝑥𝑦𝑧 (𝑥𝑦𝑧)12 = 2

1 1 1
(23) (B) + +
log𝑥 𝑦𝑧+1 log𝑦 𝑥𝑧+1 log𝑧 𝑥𝑦+1

1 1 1
= +
log𝑥 𝑦𝑧+log𝑥 𝑥 log𝑦 𝑥𝑧+log𝑦 𝑦
+ log
𝑧 𝑥𝑦+log𝑧 𝑧

1 1 1
= +
log𝑥 𝑥𝑦𝑧 log𝑦 𝑥𝑦𝑧
+ log
𝑧 𝑥𝑦𝑧

= log 𝑥𝑦𝑧 𝑥 + log 𝑥𝑦𝑧 𝑦 + log 𝑥𝑦𝑧 𝑧

= log 𝑥𝑦𝑧 𝑥𝑦𝑧 = 1

11 ( C ) log10 (x2 – 6x + 45) = 2

 (x2 – 6x + 45) = 102 = 100

𝑥 2 – 6x – 55 = 0

 𝑥 2 – 11x + 5x – 55 =0

(x-11)(x+5)=0

So, x = 11 and x = -5 are the roots

𝑥
(15) (c) 2𝑥+2 . 27𝑥−1 = 9
𝑥
log [2𝑥+2 . 27𝑥−1 ] = log 9
𝑥
 (x + 2) log 2 + 𝑥−1 log 27 = 2 log 3
 3𝑥
 (x + 2) log 2 + 𝑥−1 log 3 = 2 log 3

3𝑥
 (x + 2) log 2 = (2 − 𝑥−1) log 3

−2−𝑥
 (x + 2) log 2 = ( 𝑥−1 ) log 3

2+𝑥
 (x + 2) log 2 = (1−𝑥) log 3

1
log 2 = (1−𝑥) log 3

log 3
 (1-x) =
log 2

 (1-x) = log 2 3

𝑥 = 1 - log 2 3
𝑥
Also, we initially had, 2𝑥+2 . 27𝑥−1 = 9◦ = 2. 91

 (x + 2) = 0

x=-2

So, roots are (- 2) and (1 - log 2 3)

14 (B) log10 [1-(1-(1-x2)-1)-1]-1/2 = 1

 [1–(1 –(1- 𝑥 2)-1)-1]-1/2 = 101 = 10

1 1
[1 − (1 − (1 − 𝑥 2 )−1 )−1 ] = =
(10)2 100

1 99
[(1 − (1 − 𝑥 2 )−1 )−1 ] = 1- =
100 100

99 -1 100
1 − ( 1 − 𝑥 2 )−1 = ( ) =
100 99

100 −1
(1 − 𝑥 2 )-1 = 1 - 99
= 99

−1 -1
 (1- 𝑥 2) = ( ) = - 99
99

𝑥 2 = 1 + 99 = 100

𝑥 = ± 10

So, answer is option (B). (Though both +10 & -10 can be a solution answer option do not have -10 as an
answer)

12.

[log 1 2] . [log 1 3] . [log 1 4]……….[log 1 1000]

2 3 4 1000
 log10 2 log10 3 log10 4 log10 1000
=[ 1 ][ 1 ][ 1 ]…………..[ 1 ](Sourabh)
log10 log10 log10 log10
2 3 4 1000

log10 2 log 3 log10 1000

= [log 1− log 2
] [log 1−10log 3] …………..[log ]
10 10 10 10 10 1− log10 1000

log
10 2 log 10 3 10 log 1000
= [0− log ] [0− log ] …………..[0− log ]
10 2 10 3 10 1000

[-1] [-1] [-1] ……..[-1]

(-1)999 = -1

(17) (A) 0 < m < 1

Let m = 0.5

 m2 = (0.5)2 = 0.25
1
m−1 = (0.5)−1= =2
0.5

log10(m) = log10 0.5 = log10 5 − log10 10 = 0.699 – 1

= - 0.301

So, log10(m)< m2< m <m−1

Stats Level 3

(16) The value of log 0.008 √5+ log √3 81 – 7 is equal to

1 2 5 7
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 3 6 6
(11) If log(0.57) = 1̅.756, then the value of log 57 + log(0.57)3 + log √0.57 is:

(a) 0.902 (b) 2̅.146 (c) 1.902 (d) 1̅.146

1
(4) If 3 log 3 𝑀 + 3log 3 𝑁 = 1+log 0.008 5, then

9 9 3 3
(a) M9= (b) N9= (c)M3= (d) N9=
𝑁 𝑀 𝑁 𝑀

(12) If a = b2 = c3 = d4, then the value of log 𝑎 (𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑑) would be:

1 1 1
(a) log 𝑎 1 + log 𝑎 2 +log 𝑎 3 +log 𝑎 4 (b) log 𝑎 24 (c) 1 + 2 + + 3 + 4

1 1 1
(d) 1 + ++ ++
2! 3! 4!

(13) If log16 5 = m and log 5 3 = n, then what is the value of log 3 6 in terms of m and n?
1+4𝑚𝑛 4𝑚𝑛 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) Cannot be determined
4𝑚𝑛 1+4𝑚𝑛 1+4𝑚𝑛

(15) If log 2 𝑥.log 𝑥 2 = log 𝑥 2 , then x = ?

64 16

(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 12 (d) 16

(7) If log10 𝑥 - log10 √𝑥 = 2 log 𝑥 10, then a possible value of x is given by :

1 1
(a) 10 (b) 100 (c) 1000 (d) None of these

𝑥 𝑦
(9) If x ≥ y and y > 1, then the value of the expression log 𝑥 (𝑦) + log 𝑦 (𝑥 ) can never be:

(a) - 1 (b) – 0.5 (c) 0 (d) 1

(8) Let u = (log 2 𝑥)2 - 6log 2 𝑥 + 12 where x is a real number then the equation xu = 256, has

(a) No solution for x (b) Exactly one solution for x (c) Exactly two distinct solutions for x

(d) Exactly three distinct solutions for x

(10) If log 𝑦 𝑥 = (𝑎. log 𝑧 𝑦) = (𝑏. log 𝑥 𝑧) = ab, which of the following pairs of values of (a,b) is not
possible?
1 1
(a) (- 2, 2) (b) (1, 1) (c) (0.4, 2.5) (d) ( π, π ) (e) (2, 2)

(1) If log 2𝑥 = 2log(𝑥 + 1), find the number of real values of x

(14) If x = ∑𝑛𝑖=1 log10 𝑖 − ∑𝑛𝑗=1 log10 𝑗 - ∑𝑛𝑘=1 log10 𝑘 , where p ≤ n then the maximum value of x for n =
8 is

(a) 1 + log10 24 (b) log10 56 (c) 1 + log10 7 (d) 1 + log10 48

 1
(18) The value of the expression ∑100
𝑖=2 log Is:
𝑖 100!

(a) 0.01 (b) 0.1 (c) 1 (d) 10 (e) 100

𝑚2 𝑚2 𝑚4
(6) What is the sum of ‘n’ terms in the series: log 𝑚 + log ( 𝑛 ) + log ( 𝑛2 ) + log ( 𝑛3 ) + ---------
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
1
𝑛(𝑛−1) 2 𝑚𝑛 2 𝑚(1−𝑛) 2 𝑚(1+𝑛)
(a) log [𝑚(𝑛+1) ] (b) log [ 𝑛𝑛 ] (c) log [𝑛(1−𝑚) ] (d) log [ 𝑛(𝑛−1) ]

(2) If [log10 1] + [log10 2] +[log10 4] +………+[log10 𝑛] = n, where [𝑥] denotes the greatest integer less
than or equal to x, then

(a) 96≤n<104 (b) 104<-n<107 (c) 107≤n<111 (d) 111≤n<116

7
(5) If log 3 2, log 3 (2𝑥 − 5), log3(2𝑥 − ) are in arithmetic progression, then the value of x is equal to:
2

(a) 5 (b) 4 (c) 2 (d) 3

(3) Suppose, log 3 𝑥 = log12 𝑦=a, where x,y are positive numbers. If G is the geometric mean of x,y, then
log 6 𝐺 is equal to:
𝑎
(a) √𝑎 (b) 2a (c) 2 (d) a
Statistics &Logarithmic: Solutions

Level 3
1
(16) (C) log 0.008 √5+ log √3 81 – 7 = 2 log (0.2)3 5 + log 1 34 – 7
32

1 4
= 6
log 0.2 5 + 1 log 3 3 – 7
( )
2

1 1
= 6 (log5 0.2)
+8–7

1 1
= 6 log5 (1)
+1
5

1 1
= 6 (log 1− log5 5)
+1
5

1 1
= ( ) +1
6 (0−1)

1 5
=− 6
+1=6

(11) (A) log(0.57) = 1̅.756

1̅.756 = - 1 + 0.756 = - 0.244

So, log 57 + log(0.57)3 + log √0.57

1
= log(0.57 × 100) + 3log 0.57 +2 log 0.57
7
= log 0.57 + log 100 + log 0.57
2

9
= 2 log 0.57 + 2

9
= 2 (- 0.244) + 2

= - 1.098 + 2

= 0.902
1
(4) (B) 3 log 3 𝑀 + 3 log 3 𝑁 = 1 + log 0.008 5
1
log 3 (𝑀)3 + log 3(𝑁)3 = log 3 3 + log (0.2)3 5
1
1
log 3 [𝑀3 . 𝑁 3 ] = log 3 3 + 3 log 0.2 5
 1
1 1
log 3 [𝑀3 . 𝑁 3 ] - log 3 3 = 3 (log )
5 0.2

1
𝑀 3 .𝑁3 1 1
log 3 [ ] = ( )
3 3 log5 1−log5 5

1
𝑀 3 .𝑁3 1
3 log 3 [ 3 ] = 0−1

1 3
𝑀 3 .𝑁3
log 3 [ 3 ] =-1

𝑀.𝑁 9 1
 = 3-1=
27 3

9
 N9 = 𝑀

(12) (C) a = b2 = c3 = d4
1
 b = 𝑎2
1
c = 𝑎3
1
d = 𝑎4
1 1 1
log 𝑎 (𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑑) = log 𝑎 (𝑎. 𝑎2 𝑎3 . 𝑎4 )
1 1 1
=log 𝑎 (𝑎1+2+3+4 )
1 1 1
= (1 + + + )
2 3 4

(13) (A) log16 5 = m ,log 5 3 = n

log 5
log 16 = m

log 5
4log 2 = m

log 5
 = 4m……………………(1)
log 2

log 3
Also, log 5 3=log 5 = n……………………(2)

Multiplying (1) and (2) will give

log 3
= 4mn
log 2

log 2 1
log 3 = 4𝑚𝑛
 1
log 3 2 = 4𝑚𝑛

1
So, log 3 2 + 1 = 4𝑚𝑛 + 1

1+4𝑚𝑛
log 3 2 + log 3 3 = 4𝑚𝑛

1+4𝑚𝑛
log 3 6 = 4𝑚𝑛

(15) (B) log 2 𝑥 . log 𝑥 2 = log 𝑥 2

64 16

1 1
log 2 𝑥 . 𝑥 = 𝑥
log2 ( ) log2 ( )
64 16
1 1
log 2 𝑥 . =
(log2 𝑥− log2 64) (log2 𝑥− log2 16)

log 2 𝑥 (log 2 𝑥 − 4) = (log 2 𝑥 − 6)

(log 2 𝑥)2 - 5log 2 𝑥 + 6 =0

(log 2 𝑥)2 - 3log 2 𝑥 -2log 2 𝑥 + 6 =0

log 2 𝑥 (log 2 𝑥 − 3) − 2(log 2 𝑥 − 3) = 0

 (log 2 𝑥 − 2) . (log 2 𝑥 − 3) = 0

 either, log 2 𝑥 = 2, and, x = 22 =4

Or, log 2 𝑥 = 3, and, x = 23 = 8

So, both solutions are possible. Our answer is option (B)

(7) (B) log10 𝑥 - log10 √𝑥 = 2 log 𝑥 10

𝑥 2
log10 =
√𝑥 log10 𝑥

 (log10 √𝑥) . (log10 𝑥) = 2

1
2 (log10 𝑥)2 = 2

(log10 𝑥)2 = 4

log10 𝑥 = ±2
1
 x = 102 = 100, or, 10-2 = 100

So, answer is option is (B).

(9) (D) x ≥ y , y > 1

 𝑥 𝑦
So, log 𝑥 ( ) + log 𝑦 ( ) = log 𝑥 𝑥 − log 𝑥 𝑦 + log 𝑦 𝑦 − log 𝑦 𝑥
𝑦 𝑥

= 1 - log 𝑥 𝑦 + 1 - log 𝑦 𝑥

= 2 – ( log 𝑥 𝑦 + log 𝑦 𝑥 )
1
= 2 - ( log 𝑥 𝑦 + )
log𝑥 𝑦

1 1 1
Here, ( log 𝑥 𝑦 + log 𝑦) is of the form (𝑎 + 𝑎) , and we know that 𝑎 + 𝑎 ≥ 2 ( equal when a = 1, means x
𝑥
= y)
1
So, 2 - ( log 𝑥 𝑦 + log 𝑦) can be 0 or negative. But, it can’t be equal to 1. So, answer is option D.
𝑥

(8) (B) u = (log 2 𝑥)2 - 6log 2 𝑥 + 12

And, xu = 256

log 2 𝑥 𝑢 = log 2 256

 ulog 2 𝑥= log 2 (2)8

 ulog 2 𝑥 = 8
8
0r, u = log
2𝑥

8
So, we get, = (log 2 𝑥)2- 6log 2 𝑥 + 12
log2 𝑥

(log 2 𝑥)3 − 6(log 2 𝑥)2 + 12log 2 𝑥 – 8 = 0

(log 2 𝑥)3 − (2)3 + 3×2(log 2 𝑥)2 + 3 × 2 × 2 × log 2 𝑥 = 0

(log 2 𝑥 − 2)3 = 0

log 2 𝑥= 2

 x = 22 = 4

So, only one real solution exists for this equation.

(10) (E) log 𝑦 𝑥 = (𝑎. log 𝑧 𝑦) = (𝑏. log 𝑥 𝑧) = ab

as log 𝑦 𝑥 = ab , we get x = yab………(1)

as alog 𝑧 𝑦 = ab , we get y = zb………(2)

as blog 𝑥 𝑧 = ab , we get z = xa………(3)

Using (2) and (3) , we get, y = zb = (xa)b = 𝑥 ab

Putting y = xab in equation (1) will give ,

2
x = yab = (xab)ab = 𝑥 (𝑎𝑏)

 (ab)2 = 1

Now, out of the given options, option (E), (2,2) does not satisfy the above equation (as (2×2) 2≠ 1)

So, answer is option (E).

(1) log 2𝑥 = 2log(𝑥 + 1)

log 2𝑥 = log(𝑥 + 1)2

 2x = x2+ 2x +1

 x2 = - 1

There is no real solution of the above equation Hence, no real solutions exist.

(14) (C) For n = 8,

x = ∑8𝑖=1 log10 𝑖 − ∑10 8−10

𝑗=1 log10 𝑗 - ∑𝑘=1 log10 𝑘

= (log10 1 + log10 2 + log10 3+………log10 8) – (log10 1 + log10 2 + log10 3 + ⋯…log10 10) -

(log10 1 + log10 2 + log10 3 + ⋯…log10 (8 − 10))

= log10 ( 1 × 2 × 3 … .8) − log10 ( 1 × 2 × 3 … . 𝑝) − log10 ( 1 × 2 × 3 … . (8 − 𝑝))

= log10 (8!) − log10(𝑝!) − log10((8 − 𝑝)!)

x =log10(8!) − [log10(𝑝!) − log10((8 − 𝑝)!]

8!
 x = log10 [𝑝! ×(8−𝑝)!] = log10 (8Cp)

To, maximize x, we need to maximize 8Cp, which is maximum at p = 4. So,

8! 8×7×6×5
Max x = log10 [4! ×(8−4)!] = log10 [4×3×2×1]

= log10(70) = 1 + log10 7

1
(18) (C) ∑100
𝑖=2 log
𝑖 100!

1 1 1 1
= log + log +log +……………….log
2 100! 3 100! 4 100! 100 100!

= log100! 2+ log100! 3+log100! 4+………..log100! 100

 = log100! (2 × 3 × 4 × … . .100)

= log100! (100!)

=1
𝑚2 𝑚2 𝑚𝑛
(6) (D) log 𝑚 + log ( 𝑛 ) + log ( 𝑛2 ) +……………. log (𝑛𝑛−1 )

= log 𝑚 + 2 log 𝑚 − log 𝑛 + 3log 𝑚 − 2 log 𝑛 +. . . 𝑚 log 𝑛 − (𝑛 − 1) log 𝑛

= log 𝑚 (1+2+3…….n) - log 𝑛 (1+2+3…….n-1)

𝑛(𝑛+1) (𝑛−1)𝑛
= log 𝑚 ( 2
) - log 𝑛 ( 2
)
𝑛
= 2 [(𝑛 + 1) log 𝑚 − (𝑛 − 1) log 𝑛]
𝑛
= 2 [log 𝑚𝑛+1 − log 𝑛𝑛−1 ]

𝑛 𝑚𝑛+1
= [log ( 𝑛−1 )]
2 𝑛
𝑛
𝑚𝑛+1 2
= log ( 𝑛𝑛−1 )

(2) [log10 1] + [log10 2] + [log10 3] +………[log10 𝑛] = n

We know that for x = 1 to 9, 0 <log10 𝑥< 1

for x = 10 to 99, 1 ≤ log10 𝑥< 2

for x = 100 to 999, 2 ≤log10 𝑥< 3

Clearly, n will be greater than 100. As even if n = 99, we will have,

( 0 + 0 + 0 ………9 times) + ( 1 + 1 + 1 ………90 times) = 99

 90 = 99 ( Which is impossible )

Now, for n > 100, we get,

(0+0+0………...9 times) + (1+1+1…….90 times) + (2+2+2……(n-99) times)=n

 90 + 2n – 198 = n

n = 108

So, option (c) is correct

 7
(5) (D) log 3 2 , log 3(2𝑥 − 5) , log 3 (2𝑥 − 2) are in AP

7
 2(log 3 (2𝑥 − 5)) = log 3 2 + log 3 (2𝑥 − 2)
7
log 3 (2𝑥 − 5)2 = log 3 (2(2𝑥 − 2))

7
(2𝑥 − 5)2 = 2(2𝑥 − 2)

 22x + 25 – 10.(2x) = 2x+1 – 7

 22x + 25 – 5(2x+1) = 2x+1 – 7

 22x + 32 = 6(2x+1)

 22x + 25 = 3(2x+2)
22𝑥 + 25
 2𝑥+2
=3

 2x-2 + 23-x = 3

It is possible only when either (x-2) = 0 and (3-x) = 1

(means x = 2) , or , (x-2) = 1 and (3-x) = 0 (means x = 3)

But, x ≠ 2, as at x = 2 ,log 3 (2𝑥 − 5) will become undefined. So, x = 3

(3) (D) log 3 𝑥 = log12 𝑦 = a

G = √𝑥𝑦

Now, x = 3a , y = 12a

So, G = √𝑥𝑦 = √3𝑎 𝑥 12𝑎 =√36𝑎

= √62𝑎

= 6a

So, log 6 𝐺 = log 6 6𝑎 = a