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Las plantas se clasifican en: plantas sin flor y plantas con flor.
Plantas sin flor: son aquéllas que no producen flor, por ejemplo,
helechos, colas de caballo, musgos, pinos, abetos y cipreses (se
dividen en briofitas, pteridofitas y gimnospermas).
Plantas con flor: son aquéllas con flores complejas que suelen ser
llamativas, las semillas están recubiertas por un fruto que las
protege. De ellas se obtiene un gran número de materias primas y
productos naturales. Por ejemplo, encinos, manzanos, orquídeas (se
llaman angiospermas).
Tipos de Plantas
son el tipo de plantas que tienen un tallo fuerte y leñoso, con un tamaño de
más o menos cinco metros. Dentro de los arboles se distinguen por su tamaño,
por su longevidad y por sus ramas donde todos los años se genera un mayor
número de ellas.
Los arbustos:
Las matas:
son aquellas plantas que tienen un tallo fuerte pero no son altas. De estas se
conoce el tomillo, el romero y la salvia.
Las hierbas:
son aquellas plantas cuyos tallos no han desarrollado suficiente fuerza con lo
que su tamaño es limitado y de consistencia débil o blanda. Estas no consiguen
vivir de manera permanente por lo que de forma rápida nacen, crecen, florecen
y mueren. De estas se resaltan las yerbas anuales, las bienales, y las
perennes.
Drupas, cuando las plantas tienen frutos tiernos con un hueso, como el mango
y la ciruela.
Pomos, que sus frutos son tiernos y carecen de hueso, donde sus semillas se
distribuyen en su interior como: el níspero y el manzano.
Hesperidios, que identifica a todos y cada uno de los frutos cítricos.
Sicono, entre las que se encuentran las higueras.
Plantas medicinales: son aquellas plantas que por sus propiedades curativas,
son empleadas para antídotos de diferentes géneros de enfermedades. Tanto
los extractos como otras partes de esta planta se usan en bálsamos,
infusiones, comprimidos, cremas, etcétera, con la intención de mejorar la salud
de las personas. De estas se resalta la Aloe Vera, la Onagra, la Manzanilla, el
Ginseng, etcétera.
Plantas anuales: son aquellas plantas que viven solo una temporada. Estas
normalmente crecen velozmente a lo largo de la primavera y el verano,
generando sus frutos a finales de verano o bien en otoño. De estas se resaltan
las flores de temporada como el girasol, ciertos comestibles como las judías,
los garbanzos y las lentejas, y algunas plantas silvestres como la amapola.
Plantas perennes: son las plantas que tienen determinados recursos que les
dejan subsistir con sencillez a lo largo de varios años. Hay una gran pluralidad
de plantas perennes como los árboles de tallo leñoso, como el nogal, el
castaño, el pino, etcétera, también existen arbustos como la adelfa, matas
como el romero, la salvia y el tomillo y yerbas perennes que tienen una
consistencia blanca y son conocidas con el nombre de joviales.
Tipos de plantas según su constitución.
Plantas no-vasculares: son aquellas plantas que tienen una estructura simple,
y que no se le distingue la raíz, el tallo y las hojas. Es común ver esta clase de
plantas en entornos húmedos, en tanto que absorben sus nutrientes de forma
directa de la tierra. Un ejemplo de este tipo de plantas son los diferentes
musgos.
Otros tipos de plantas.
Estas plantas son de veloz desarrollo y adoptan la forma del objeto en el cual
se desarrollan.
PLANTS
What are the plants?
Parts of a plant:
CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS
The classification of plants is carried out according to the presence,
absence and shape of organs fundamentals, like roots, stems, leaves,
flowers and fruits, or according to the presence of one or two cotyledons in
the seed germination. This classification based on morphological structures
and characteristics of each plant allows to identify them to species level.
The plants are classified into: plants without flowers and flowering plants.
Plants without flowers: are those that do not produce a flower, for
example, ferns, Ponytails, mosses, pines, firs and cypresses (divided in
bryophytes, Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms).
Flowering plants: are those with complex flowers that tend to be
conspicuous, the seeds are covered with a fruit that protects them. Of
them gets a large number of raw materials and natural products. For
example, Oaks, Apple trees, orchids (called Angiosperms).
Types of plants
Types of plants according to their size.
The trees:
they are the type of plants that have a strong, Woody, stem with a size of about
five meters. Within the trees are distinguished by their size, their longevity and
their branches where every year a greater number of them is generated.
These are set on the ground through their roots that as continues its
development over time will become thick. There is also a large plurality of the
leafy, coniferous trees and the tropical trees of this type, the Palm trees are the
more common around the world.
Shrubs:
they are plants whose branch is located at ground level, and in contrast to the
trees have a height between 1 and 5 metres in height. His life is long and grows
to an average height, is identified by having a short, woody stem, and branches
out from its base.
The matas:
they are those plants that have a strong stem but are not high. Of these known
thyme, Rosemary and Sage.
Herbs:
they are those plants whose stems have not developed sufficient strength so its
size is limited and weak or soft consistency. These fail to live permanently so
quickly are born, grow, flourish and die. These annual herbs, biennials and
perennials are highlighted.
Types of plants according to their use.
Herbs: are the type of plants that possess aromas or scents, and used in a way
regular as essences and spices in the kitchen. They tend to see in the field or in
gardens such as, parsley and garlic. These have 3 botanical families:
Fruit plants: Are trees that can produce tender fruits or nuts. The ovule of the
flower is its primary structure, which is where the seeds are found. According to
the genre of fruit produced, and its peculiarities, it can be:
Drupes, when plants are tender fruits with a bone, such as mango and plum.
Knobs, its fruits are tender and lack bone, where the seeds are distributed as
inside: loquat and Apple.
Hesperidios, which identifies each and every one of the citrus fruits.
Syconium, among them the fig trees.
Medicinal plants: are those plants which are used for different genres of
diseases antidotes for its healing properties. Both extracts and other parts of the
plant are used in SALVES, teas, tablets, creams, etc., with the intention of
improving the health of people. These highlights the Aloe Vera, Ginseng,
evening primrose, Chamomile, etc.
Indoor plants: are those plants which are able to develop in enclosed
spaces. They are grown for ornamental reasons or to purify the air, example of
these is the Azalea, Cyclamen, Amaryllis, and so on.
Ruderal plants: are those plants which are in path edges and abandoned
fields. They can survive on surfaces that have been over exploited either that
the hand of man has interfered in it. Example of these is Datura Stramonium
and Sonchus Oleraceus.
Annuals: are those plants that live for only one season. They normally grow
rapidly throughout the spring and summer, producing its fruit in late summer or
autumn. These highlight the seasonal flowers such as sunflower, certain
foodstuffs like beans, chickpeas and lentils, and some wild plants like poppy.
Bi-annual plants: are the type of plants that it lasts 2 seasons either vegetative
periods. It also known as biennials plants. Its development is generated
throughout the first season and is in the second season where its flowers and
fruits appear. These highlight seasonal flowers such as thoughts, plant foods
such as cabbage, and also wild herbs as the several white and Thistles.
Perennials: are plants that they have certain resources that let them survive
with simplicity over several years. There is a large plurality of perennials as
woody stem trees, such as walnut, chestnut, pine, etc., there are also shrubs
such as Oleander, bushes like Rosemary, Sage and thyme and perennial herbs
that are white and are known by the name of jovial.
Plantas no-vasculares: son aquellas plantas que tienen una estructura simple,
y que no se le distingue la raíz, el tallo y las hojas. Es común ver esta clase de
plantas en entornos húmedos, en tanto que absorben sus nutrientes de forma
directa de la tierra. Un ejemplo de este tipo de plantas son los diferentes
musgos.