CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY AND MATERIALS

3.1 GENERAL

The methodology and material used for this study in this chapter.

3.2 METHODOLOGY OF PROJECT

The methodology of this project is shown in figure 3.1.

COLLECTION OF LITERATURE SURVEY

COLLECTION OF MATERIALS

MIX DESIGN

CASTING OF SPECIMENS

CURING

TESTING OF SPECIMENS

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Fig 3.1 Flow Chart for Methodology

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3.3 MATERIAL USED

The solid utilized for the development of all examples comprises of the
accompanying materials.

3.3.1 Cement

Concrete utilized for the throwing examples OPC 53 Evaluation bond.

According to IS 12269 – 2013. Customary Portland bond is the most significant kind
of concrete. The OPC was arranged into 53 grade contingent on the quality of the
concrete at 28 days when tried according to IS 4031-1988.But the genuine quality
gotten by these bond at the plant are a lot higher indicated by BIS. The Normal
Portland bond of 53 grade was considered for the test. Concrete is a coupling
substance, that sets and solidifies as the bond dries and furthermore responds with
carbon dioxide noticeable all around conditionally, and can tie different materials
together. "Cement" follows to the Romans, who utilized the term creation
cementicium to depict brick work looking like present day solid that was produced
using smashed shake with consumed lime as cover. The properties are appeared in
table 3.1.

Table 3.1 Physical Properties of Cement

Sl.No. Property Result

1 Specific gravity 3.15

2 Normal consistency 32.50 %

3 Initial setting time 31 min

4 Fineness of cement 2.00 %

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3.3.2 Silica Fume

It contains enormous extents of silicon-dioxide (SiO2) which is about 90% of

silica smolder constituents. The fineness in silica smolder regarding explicit surface
territory might be around 20000m2/kg when contrast and 300-400 m2/kg for OPC.
Silica seethe is included as fractional substitution of bond at 8.5% by weight of
concrete so as to get high quality cement. The properties are appeared table 3.2.

Table 3.2 Physical Properties of Silica Fume

Sl. No. Property Results

1 Silica Fume 2.20

3.3.3 Marble Powder

The plan blend for M80 evaluation of cement was set up by in part
supplanting concrete with five distinct rates by weight of MDP (0,5,10,15 and 20%).
Marble dust powder is a changeable shake made out of re solidified carbonate
minerals , most usually calcite or dolomite. Marble perhaps foliated. Geologists
utilize the term marble to allude to transformed limestone; be that as it may,
stonemasons utilize the term all the more extensively to envelop un-transformed
limestone. The properties are appeared table 3.3.

Fig 3.2 Marble Powder

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 Table 3.3 Physical Properties of Marble Powder

Sl. No. Property Results

1 Silica Fume 3.06

3.3.4 Fine Aggregate

M Sand is utilized as fine aggregate, which is an Eco well disposed and

conservative option in contrast to stream sand. It is produced by smashing
appropriate stones and are finely evaluated to according to the IS standard
necessities. The span of the aggregate under 4.75mm is considered as fine aggregate.

Because of the consumption of good quality waterway sand for the utilization
of development, the utilization of fabricated sand has been expanded. Another
purpose behind utilization of M-Sand is its accessibility and transportation cost. The
properties are appeared table 3.4.

Table 3.4 Physical Properties of Fine Aggregate

Sl. No. Property Results

1 Specific gravity 2.72

2 Water absorption 0.90 %

3 Sieve Analysis Zone - II

3.3.5 Coarse Aggregate

The coarse aggregate utilized according to IS : 383 – 2016 for 12mm size
total. The extent of total greater than 4.75mm is considered as coarse total and the
principle source is shake quarrying, rock on waterway bed. For present work 12 mm
size coarse totals are utilized. Lesser the extent of the total, it expands the surface
region which advances the functionality and thus the necessity of water is less which
gives higher quality than customary concrete according to Seems to be: 383-1970
and 2386-1963 (I, II and III) details. The properties are appeared in table 3.5.

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 Table 3.5 Physical Properties of Coarse Aggregate

Sl. No. Property Results

1 Specific gravity 2.70

2 Impact test 21.32 %

3 Crushing Value 20.00 %

3.3.6 Steel Fibre

The Steel strands have been utilized in cement since the mid 1900. The early
fiber were round, straight, and smooth with cut or slashed lengths. These strands
have not been as of late and supplanted by present day filaments on account of their
natural deficiency of property. Current business steel strands are produced from
drawn steel wire with either unpleasant surface, snared closes or pleated through
their length. The physical elements of present day steel filaments shift from 0.15 to 2
mm for proportional distances across and from 10 to 75 mm for length. The filaments
perspective proportion – 65. The steel strands utilized are Dramix snared end steel
filaments.

Fig 3.3 Steel Fibre (Hooked End)

3.3.7 Admixture

The superplasticizer Aurocast 405 was utilized to improve long usefulness

maintenance and brilliant water decrease capacity. The particular gravity of Aurocast
405 is 1.077

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3.3.8 Water

The consumable water accessible in our grounds is utilized for blending and
restoring of cement. PH Esteem is 7.00. Water is the significant element for concrete
as it effectively takes an interest in the substance response with bond. Water utilized
for blending and restoring will be spotless and free from damaging measures of oils,
acids, soluble bases, sugar, natural materials or different substances that might be
injurious to cement or steel.

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