I. Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the correct answer.

Write the chosen letter on a

separate sheet of paper.

1. Who is considered as the father of Genetics?

a. Darwin c. Gregor Mendel
b. Linnaeus d. Hugh de Vries

2. Punnett squares are used to ________ the outcome of crosses of traits.

a. assure c. number
b. dominate d. predict
3. The science that deals with the study of how traits are inherited from parents to
offsprings is called what?
a. Economics c. Politics
b. Genetics d. Polygenic
4. An organism with two identical alleles for a trait is called what?
a. heterozygous c. homozygous
b. homologous d. polyploidy
5. Which refers to the different forms of genes representing a certain trait?
a. allele c. hybrid
b. chromosome d. locus

6. Which of these is a combination of the dominant and recessive genes present in the
cells of an organism?
a. genotype c. neotype
b. lectotype d. isotype

7. Which of the following is NOT a Mendelian law of inheritance?

a. In every organism, there is a pair of factors that control the appearance of a
particular trait.
b. The first filial generation does resemble either parent. Therefore no allele is
dominant over the other.
c. During gamete formation, the pair of factors segregates or separates from each
other.
d. During fertilization, the genes come together again to form new combinations.

8. What is a monohybrid cross?

a. A cross using a single factor or character.
b. A cross using two factors or characters.
c. A diagram that determines the possible combinations of traits.
d. None of the above.

9. In a cross of AaBb x AaBb, what fraction of the offspring can be expected to express one of
the two dominant alleles but not both?
a. 9/16 b. ½ c. 3/8 d. 3/16
10. If garden pea plants heterozygous for round seed are allowed to self-pollinate, what will be
the phenotypic ratio of the F1 generation?
a. 1:2:1 b. 1:1 c. 3:1 d. 4:0

The first three questions are based on the pedigree to the right:

11. The characteristic indicated by the blackened figures is probably:

a. Dominant.

b. Recessive.

c. Non-dominant.

d. Sex-linked recessive.

12. What are the genotypes of the parents?

a. Both are homozygous dominant.

b. Both are heterozygous dominant.

c. Both are homozygous recessive.

d. The male is homozygous dominant; the female is homozygous recessive.

13. In the F1 generation of a monohybrid cross, the phenotypic ratio would be:

a. 3:1

b. 1:2:1

c. 2:1:1

d. 1:1:2
14. Mendel discovered principles of inheritance because he:

a. Observed simultaneously all of the many characteristics in which the parents differed.

b. Believed that the hereditary characteristics of two individuals became thoroughly

blended in the offspring.

c. Ignored all characteristics except a few markedly contrasting ones in which he

studied.

d. Studied only the offspring obtained from a single mating.

15. Genetic traits of seeds are noted as follows:

L = long, l = short

W = wrinkled, w = smooth

Y = yellow, y = white

R = ribbed, r = grooved

Which of the following is the genotype for a short, wrinkled, yellow, grooved seed?

a. llWwyyrr

b. LLWWyYRr

c. LlWwYYRr

d. llWwYYrr

16. Which statement concerning a pair of alleles for a gene controlling a single characteristic in

humans is true?

a. Both genes come from the father.

b. Both genes come from the mother.

 c. One gene comes from the mother and one gene comes from the father.

d. The genes come randomly in pairs from either the mother or father.

17. An extra finger in humans is rare but is due to a dominant gene. When one parent is normal
and the other parent has an extra finger but is heterozygous for the trait, what is the probability
that the first child will be normal?

a. 0%.

b. 25%.

c. 50%.

d. 75%.

18. An example of a genotype is:

a. A tall pea plant. c. TtHH.

b. R and r. d. Hemophiliac.

19. An example of alleles is:

a. AB and Tt.

b. TT and Tt.

c. T and t.

d. X and Y.

20. In the F1 generation of a monohybrid cross, the phenotypic ratio would be:

a. 3:1

b. 1:2:1

c. 2:1:1
 d. 1:1:2

II. Problem Solving (5 points each)

1. Provide the genotype of the given cross:

1. Yellow color in peas (Y) is dominant over green peas (y). A homozygous yellow pea
plant is crossed with a homozygous green pea plant. What will be the genotypes of all
the possible offspring?

2. In fruit flies, long wing (L) is dominant to short wing (l). Two heterozygous long-winged fruit
flies both (Ll) are crossed. What are the possible phenotypes of their offspring?

3. In Mendel’s crosses, Yellow seed color (Y) in garden peas was found to be dominant over
green seed color(y). If the hybrid for seed color is crossed with its recessive trait, what are the
possible phenotype and genotype of offspring in F1?