FACULTY OF MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING

BFF2233THERMODYNAMIC
PROJECT PROPOSAL
LECTURER:
DR. AHMAD REDZA BIN AHMAD MOKHTAR

GROUP MEMBERS:

No. Name Matric ID. Section

1 MOHD AISAMUDDIN BIN AB FA17010 01
RAHMAN
2 MOHAMMAD RIZMAN BIN FB17056 01
ABDUL RAHMAN
3 NURSYAQILA BINTI MUSA FA17079 01
4 HANUN FARHANAH BINTI FA18006 01
JAMALUDIN
5 NUR AMIRAH BT ABDUL HAFIDZ FA18009 01
 TABLE OF CONTENT

TABLE OF CONTENT 2

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 3

1.1 Background of the project 3

1.2 Scope of the project Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.3 Objective Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.3 Gantt Chart Error! Bookmark not defined.

CHAPTER 2 METHODOLOGY 5

2.1 Procedure 5-6

2.2 Costing 6

2.3 Preparation Material 6

2.4 Development of Steam Vessel 7

CHAPTER 3 RESULT & DISSCUSSION 0

3.1 Justification Project 0

CHAPTER 4 CONCLUSION 0

CHAPTER 5 REFFERENCE 8

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 CHAPTER 2: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the project

The project of “Mini Steam Vessel” is one of requirement for subject BFF2233 Thermodynamics. The
purpose of this project is to provide students with a hands-on engineering design experience in
constructing and testing a mini steam vessel. A number of basic engineering and science concepts
such as energy conservation, heat transfer and efficiency are introduced to students through the nature
of this project.

By adding heat energy to water in a boiler can produce an invisible gas. To raise the temperature of
the water to the boiling point, enough energy must be added. Steam is defined the gaseous or Vapour
phase of water at pressurized condition. If water is heated into closed vessel, it will vaporize.
Compare to the liquid of the same quantity, gas is lesser in density and larger in volume, it starts
accumulating in the empty spaces of the vessel, above water, and gradually increases the pressure
inside. On further heating the water, it converts to steam at a certain pressure depending on the
volume it occupies.

An integral and essential part of modern process technology envisaging heat transfer is the one of the
steam today. It’s is popular throughout industry for a broad range of tasks from mechanical power
production to process applications and space heating. It would be difficult to imagine industries like
Food, Textile, Pharmaceutical, Power, Heating and Transport industries, Chemical, Oil &
Petrochemical, exist or perform without the abundant use of steam

Water is plentiful in Nature and inexpensive. It is non-hazardous to health and environmentally sound.
It’s a safe and efficient energy carrier, in its gaseous form. An equivalent mass of water, steam can
hold up to five until six times as much potential energy as. Steam can be generated at high pressures
to give high steam temperatures. More heat energy is contained in high temperature steam, so its
potential to do work is greater.

In addition, most thermodynamics considerations start at laws of thermodynamics, which postulate

that energy can be exchanged between physical system as heat or work and existence of quantity
name entrophy, which can be defined for any system. Whose average motions define its properties,
which in turn, relate to one another through equations of state is compose of particles by a system. To
express thermodynamic potentials and internal energy, properties are combined which useful for
determining conditions for spontaneous processes and equilibrium. With this project, thermodynamics
describes how systems respond to changes in their surroundings. However, the purpose of this
proposal is to report results of its implementation and to provide some details about the mini stream
vessel project.

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1.2 scope of project

1. The mini steam vessel needed to build by using material that floats.

2. The mini steam vessel needed to obey the law of thermodynamics.

3. The size for the whole project does not exceed 30 cm x 15 cm x 20 cm.

1.3 Objective:

i. To develop the scale model and components of steam engine that can use as a reference for
steam engine fabrication.

1.4 Gantt Chart:

Month OCT NOV

Week 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
1. Background of the
project
1.1. Planning
1.2 Idea and suggestion
2. Scope of project
3. Objective
4.Gantt chart
5. Procedure
6. Costing
6.1 Pricing
7. Preparing material
7.1 Selecting supplies
8. Development of steam
car
8.1 Determine features
9.Justification project
10. Submission report
10.1 Complete report

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 CHAPTER 2: METHODOLOGY

2.1 Procedure

 Make boiler
 Cutting off the top and bottom of empty can with a pair of
scissors and turning it into flat sheet.
 Cut a straight line down one edge, and from that mark out a
rectangular 6cm wide by 18cm long. Then, gently fold it in
half.
 Next, mark out a 1cm line around one half of the boiler and cut
it out with our scissors.
 Take out the Blu-Tack and roll it out into a long worm about
0.5cm fat. Stick the Blu-Tack onto the 2 outside edges of the
smaller half. Then, fold it in half again and stick the two halves
together.
 Fold over the tabs on both sides, and gently crimp it all the way
with some pliers to form a seal.
 Cut off the excess tab to leave one long tab along the bottom
using scissors.
 Take out the Blu-Tack and push it into a flat strip about 1cm
wide. Then, wrap it around the end of one of the straws
followed by the second. Add a bit more until the straws are well
sealed in a good plug of Blu-Tack.
 Open up the end of the boiler and push in the straws and Blu-
Tack to form a good tight seal. Next, cut the bottom tab along
each side of the straws and fold the tabs over and squeeze with
pliers.
 Through the straws. If any air leaking, squeeze that area with
the pliers.
 Test its air tight by dipping it into a bowl of water and blowing.

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  Make the boat
 Take out the boat the empty juice carton, mark out and draw a line down
the middle of it, and cut it in half.
 To make the cabin for the inside of the boat, cut the button off the half
with the plastic lid.
 Next, cut a small hole in the bottom of the boat for the 2 straws to go
through. Then, put a thin ring of Blu-Tack around the hole on both sides.

 Assembly (boiler + boat)

 Take boiler and poke the 2 straws through the hole. Then, fix the straws
firmly in place to the bottom of the boat with a strip of tape and cut the
straws off flush with the back of the boat.
 Make sure the Blu-Tack rings around the straws are pushed together to
form a good seal.
 Drop a candle under the middle of the boiler and wait for it to warm up.
Finally, the boiler starts popping and start to move.

2.2 Costing

Material Price
Empty drinks can Recycle
2 straws Recycle
Empty juice carton Recycle
Blu-Tack RM 2.50
Hot glue gun RM 4.50
Pliers Borrow
Tape RM 2.00

2.3 Preparing materials

 Empty drinks can

 2 straws
 Empty juice carton
 Blu-Tack
 Hot glue gun
 Pliers
 Tape

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2.4 Development of steam car

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REFERENCES

1. https://sciencetoymaker.org/putt-putt-boat/
2. https://www.tintoyarcade.com/robot-boat-mini-pop-pop-tin-toy.html
3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hmf-HgAFytA
4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0ki9Kta8g14