CRITICAL BOOK REPORT

GEOLOGY AND GEOMORPHOLOGY OF INDONESIA

Arranged to Fulfill the Assignment of Indonesian

Geology and Geomorpology Courses

Supervisor : Dwi Wahyuni Nurwihastuti, S.Si., M.Sc.

By:

Abdullah Situmorang(3183131031)

2018’ Geograpy Education

FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

MEDAN STATE UNIVERSITY
2019
 FOREWORD

We are thankful for the presence of Allah SWT who has given grace and health to the
author so that he can complete the critical book report task with the discussion of a book entitled
"Indonesian geology and geomorphology" to fulfill the task of studying geology and
geomorphology in Indonesia well although there are still many flaws in it , and do not forget I
also thank Mrs. Dwi Wahyuni nurwihastuti as the supervisor who gave this assignment to the
author.

The authors sincerely hope that this task can be useful for readers. the author also fully
realizes that it is far from perfect, therefore, I hope there is a constructive criticism or suggestion
so that the writer can correct errors in this critical book report.

Medan, March 14 2019

Abdullah Situmorang

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 LIST

FOREWORD............................................................................................................................ 02

LIST .......................................................................................................................................... 03

Chapter 1 : preliminary........................................................................................................... 04

A.Background ............................................................................................................................ 04

B. the purpose of the critical book report .................................................................................. 04

C. the benefits of critical book report ........................................................................................ 04

Chapter 2 : Book content ........................................................................................................ 05

A. book identity ......................................................................................................................... 05

B.Book summary ....................................................................................................................... 05

Chapter 3 : Criticalization ...................................................................................................... 10

Chapter 4 : Closing .................................................................................................................. 11

A. conclusion ............................................................................................................................. 11

B.suggestion ............................................................................................................................... 11

References ................................................................................................................................. 12

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 CHAPTER 1

PRELIMINARY

A. Background

critical book report is an assignment about a material that is generally in lectures. writing
in this critical book report basically criticizes "Indonesian geology and geomorphology"
written by Drs. sriyono, M.Sc, every book written by the author must have differences such
as weaknesses and strengths in the book. the feasibility of a book to be used in use can we
know if we can criticize or study a book or more and usually more dominant textbooks have
many advantages and at least deficiencies in the sense that the book can be used as a source
and used as a reference for many people

B. The purpose of critical book report

the purpose of this critical book report is to find out the weaknesses or strengths of the
contents of the book, by testing the quality of the book that we can criticize a book or more.
and train yourself to look for information provided by each chapter of the book

C. The benefit of Critical book report

The benefits of this assignment are to fulfill college assignments and increase knowledge
about how to criticize a book

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 CHAPTER 2

CONTENT OF BOOK

A. Book Identity
1. Main Book

Title : Indonesian Geology and Geomorphology

Author : Drs. Suryono, M.Sc.

production year : 2014

Publisher : Ombak Publisher

Book Thickness : 257 pages

Leanguage :Indonesian

ISBN : 979-602-258-190-1

B. Book Summary

Chapter 1 : GEOTEKTONIK INDONESIA

An Indonesian geological unit covers an area of 2,832,161 km² which includes the
Indonesian political / island unit, North Kalimantan (East Malaysia, Sarawak, and
Brunei) Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, the Chritmas Islands, the Andaman and
Nicobar Islands. This cluster of islands stretches between Southeast Asia and Australia
and between the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean. Indonesia is located at latitude
21 ̊LU-11 ̊LS and between longitude 95 ̊15’BT - 150 ̊48’BT.
According to the Undation Theory that the orogenic system in Indonesia is
influenced by disturbance centers in the earth's crust. Based on the theory of orogenic
plate tectonics in Indonesia, it is influenced by the Indo-Australian plate movement to the
north, the Pacific plate to the west and colliding with the Erasia plate in Indonesia.

Chapter 2 : GEOTEKTONIK INDONESIA

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 Indonesia's geological unit covers an area of 2,832,161 km2 which includes
Indonesian political units, North Kalimantan, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines,
Christmas Islands, Andaman and Nicobar Islands. This group of islands stretches
between southeast Asia and Australia and between the Pacific Ocean and the Indonesian
Ocean or is located at latitude 21 ° LU-11 ° S and between longitude 95 ° E-150 ° 48'BT.

According to the Undation Theory that the orogenic system in Indonesia is

influenced by disturbance centers in the earth's crust. The centers of disturbances are:
shan, mergui, anambas, Flores sea, and disturbances centers in the banda sea for
Sundanese Oreum orogenic systems; Sulawesi trough and Makassar trough for the East
Asia edge arc system; the center of the orogenic shield which sank from northern
melanesia for the bow of the halmahera, the head of the irian bird, the mountains
separating the body of irian to bismarck; dam orogen papua for the orogenic system of
australia.

The geological symptoms that are reflected in the uniqueness of Indonesia's

geotectonics attract geologists: it is a meeting of the Sunda Circum Mountain System and
Australia's Circum Mountain system, as well as the boundary between the Asian and
Gondawana continents, where mountainous activities, volcanic activity, earthquakes,
deviations gravity still occurs today.

Chapter 3 : INDONESIA GEOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT

Based on the distribution of rocks of a certain age, an overview of Indonesia's

geological development can be obtained from the pre-Cambrian period to the quarter
period.

1. In the pre-Cambrian period, the territory of Indonesia was in the form of a large land
consisting of crystalline schist rocks called the Aequinoctia mainland. On this land,
sedimentation basins are not geosynchronous.

2. Aequinoctia mainland Cambrian Period began to decrease due to the formation of

Tasmania geosyncline in eastern Indonesia.

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3. Land of Aequinoctia in the Silurian era is increasingly decreasing because of the
geosyncline of Tasmania which is expanding and joining the trough of Papua.

4. In the days of devon the mainland Aequinoctia diminished again because some envy
functioned as geosinklin. The Tasmania geosinklin still exists and the western part of
Australia forms the Westralia geosinklin. Central Kalimantan with the sea to the
northwest between Malacca and Sumatra.

5. In the era of carbon, geosyncline formed in the previous era began to disappear as
geosyncline weatralia vanished, but the area between Sumatra and Kalimantan turned
into anamblas trough.

6. In the age of perm geosyncine which existed in the previous era remained, only the
slopes that have changed. Anambas trench functions as a lake geosyncline to expand.
Other areas in Indonesia are still in the form of mainland Aequinoctia.

7. Papua's geosyncline in the triassic era turned into land, Tasmania geosyncline narrows,
while Lake Geosyncline and Westralia Geosyncline are connected by Timor-Sulawesi
geosyncline, which includes a tethys geosynchronous system.

Chapter 4 : DIVISION OF INDONESIAN GEOLOGICAL AREAS

1. Semarang and surrounding areas.

According to VAN BEMMELEN analysis, the geological surface of Semarang

and its surroundings is influenced by the disturbance center of the earth's crust which is in
the ungaran volcanic complex. The development of the geology of Semarang and its
surroundings starts from the upper Pleistocene when the geological cycle in the form of
geosyncline formation and sedimentation in the geosyncline of North Java which
produces marine neogene layers.

2. Dieng Plateau

Dieng Plateau and its surroundings are located in the northern serayu mountain
zone. The west is bordered by the karangkobar area and the east by the ungaran area.

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3. Gunung Kidul and Parangtritis

The geological history of the Gunung Kidul and Parangtritis areas starts from the
pliocene period. At the time of the pliocene mountains south which is now a low land that
is slightly raised higher than sea level. The southern part of Lowland consists of the
Miocene Wonosari and Kepek Maris who attended the Miocene era.

4. Bandung Plateau

The history of Bandung's highland geology begins at the time of the Miocene. At
that time the north coast of ancient Java was located on the south side, which was around
of panggelangan. The northern area of the panggelangan at that time was still a sea,
where the formation or deposition of various kinds of sedimentary rocks occurred. As a
result of the eruption of Mount Sunda, in addition to the formation of the caldera also
occur cracks that extend along the east-west direction and the crater hole experiencing
emptiness.

Chapter 5 : GEOMORPHOLOGY OF JAVA ISLAND

1. Semarang and Surrounding Areas.

According to Van Bemmelen's analysis the Semarang and surrounding geological

units are influenced by the center of disturbance of the earth's crust in the ungaran
volcanic complex. The development of the geology of Semarang and its surroundings
began when the Pleitocene geosyncline and sedimentation in the geosyncline of North
Java which produced marine neogene layers.

2. Dieng Plateau

Dieng Tinggi Mainland and its surroundings are located in the northern Serayu
mountain zone. The west is bordered by the karangkobar area and the east by the ungaran
area. A plateau or plateau is a place whose structure is horizontal and lies high. The
description of the highlands was first written by Yunghuhn in 1853/1854.

3. Gunung Kidul and Parangtritis

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 The geological history of the Gunung Kidul and Parangtritis areas starts from the
pliocene period. At the time of the pliocene and pleistocene that the southern
mountainous area which is now a low land raised higher than sea level. The southern part
of lowland consists of limestone.

4. Plateau Highlands

The history of Bandung's highland geology begins at the time of the Miocene (20
million years ago). At that time the northern coast of ancient Java was located to the
south, which is around the auction. After the eruption of the Sundanese volcano, the
earth's crust fluctuated up and down. The Bandung Plateau can be divided into 4 long
ranges, namely: 1) lake land units, 2) volcanic cone units, 3) homoklin dike units, and 4)
isolated hill units.

Chapter 6 : GEOMORPHOLOGY OF JAVA ISLAND

Java Island has physiological characteristics that are characterized by several

conditions. One of them is the tropical climate in the island, which is the same as other
areas which are located on a physiographic pathway with strong volcanism, hence the
island of Java is narrow and elongated, and is divided into transverse zones (longtudinal
zones) which are spread along the island from one end with the other end. Geological
characteristics, viewed from the geological point of view of the three zones, have
different characteristics, namely: 1) the South zone, 2) the middle zone, 3) the north zone

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 CHAPTER III

CRITICALIZATION.

This book, titled Geology and Geomorphologi Indonesia, in my opinion in terms of its
contents is good, not too thick and easily understood by readers. Communicative language is of
more value than this book.This book explains itself the Indonesian archipelago which is part of
the earth's most complex surface. Since the beginning of its history, endogenous energy has been
very active in this area. Therefore, the Indonesian island is an extreme object that draws the
attention of geologists to study tectogenesis in conversations with endogenous symptoms such as
lithosphere displacement, volcanic activity, earthquakes, and isostatic deviations.

One scientist has proven that Indonesia is one of the important areas on planet Earth to
obtain basic information. According to Stauffer , for a century, 1,000 geologists have visited
Indonesia. study of the geological and geomorphological conditions of Indonesia and certain
regions or regions provides knowledge about the potential who needed by the Indonesian people.
However, the term geography which is difficult to use this book makes it more difficult for
readers whose geography is rather foreign to readers who only learn geography at a glance.But
despite its weaknesses, this book is very worth it to readed because the content provided is
interesting and adds new vocabulary in the field of geography and this book discusses the
geological conditions of field work.

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 CHAPTER IV

CLOSING

A. Conclusion

Based on the discussion above, we can draw the conclusion that the Critical Book
Report is an activity to criticize books to find out the weaknesses, weaknesses, and
strengths of books that want to be criticized. Both in the systematic writing, the use of
language, the material, and the appearance of the book. This was done so that the book
that was criticized could be revised to become a better book.

B. Suggestions

Realizing that the author is still far from perfect and the lack of resources owned
by the author, the writer will always receive constructive criticism and suggestions to
make this critical book report better. For suggestions to authors, it is also possible to
respond to conclusions from the critical language of the book that has been explained.

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 REFERENCES

Suryono 2014. Geology and Geomorphology of Indonesia. Yogyakarta. Ombak Publisher

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