SHREESH BHARDWAJ

19124051
FY CSE
A) Differentiate between magnetic and optical storage devices .Discuss the comparison
in terms of technical aspects and give example for each:

Magnetic Storage Devices: Magnetic storage is one of the most affordable ways to
store large amounts of data. Magnetic storage uses the two types
of magnetic polarities to represent the binary information consisting of zeros and
ones. Commonly used devices that use magnetic storage include magnetic tape,
floppy disks and hard-disk drives.

Optical Storage Devices: IBM defines optical storage as "any storage method that
uses a laser to store and retrieve data from optical media." Britannica notes that it
"uses low-power laser beams to record and retrieve digital data." Compact disc and
DVD are examples of optical media.

Magnetic storage devices use "read/write heads," electromagnets that detect (read)
or change (write) the magnetization patterns on the disk. Optical storage devices use
lasers to read the reflections in the disk or "burn" the data pattern into the disks.

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SHREESH BHARDWAJ
19124051
FY CSE
B) Technology behind file compression:
Simply put, file compression (or data compression) is the act of reducing the size of
a file while preserving the original data. Doing so allows the file to take up less space
on a storage device, in addition to making it easier to transfer over the internet or
otherwise.
Compression of files offers many advantages. When compressed, the quantity of bits
used to store the information is reduced. Files that are smaller in size will result in
shorter transmission times when they are transferred on the Internet. Compressed
files also take up less storage space.
Any kind of data can be compressed. There are two main types of compression:
lossy and lossless.
C) Enlist performance measurement parameters of drive and explain average access
time and data transfer rate:

There are two ways to measure the performance of a hard disk:

1. Data rate - The data rate is the number of bytes per second that the drive can
deliver to the CPU. ...
2. Seek time - The seek time is the amount of time between when the CPU requests a
file and when the first byte of the file is sent to the CPU.

A distinctive feature of these strategic performance measurement systems (SPMS) is

that they are designed to present managers with financial and non-
financial measures covering different perspectives which, in combination, provide a
way of translating strategy into a coherent set of performance measures.

Average Access Time: Average memory access time. In computer

science, average memory access time (AMAT) is a common metric to analyze
memory system performance. AMAT uses hit time, miss penalty, and miss rate to
measure memory performance. It accounts for the fact that hits and misses affect
memory system performance differently.

Data Transfer Rate: The data transfer rate (DTR) is the amount of digital data that
is moved from one place to another in a given time. The data transfer rate can be
viewed as the speed of travel of a given amount of data from one place to another. In
general, the greater the bandwidth of a given path, the higher the data transfer rate.

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