Chapter 1

The Problem and its Review of Related Literature

This chapter present the introduction, theoretical framework, statement of the problem,

hypothesis, scope and limitation, the review of related literature, both conceptual and research

synopsis and implication to the study as well as definition of terms.

I. Introduction :

This research will be focused more on the effects of child protection policy in teaching the

Junior High Schools in the Division of Malolos. The effectiveness of the policy and how does

the schools implement the policy.

A child protection policy provides guidelines for organisations and their staff to create safe

environments for children. It is a tool that protects both children and staff by clearly defining

what action is required in order to keep children safe, and ensuring a consistency of behaviour so

that all staff follow the same process. A child protection policy also demonstrates an

organization's commitment to children and ensures public confidence in it's safe practices.

Since our government agency named Department of Education is against in any violence

they decided to make a policy that will protects not only the children in private and public school

but also the teachers, staffs and even the administrative of the school. In some research it stated

that Child protection policy gives protection to children who gravely threatened or endangered

by circumstances which affects their normal development and over which they are no control,

and to assist the concerned agencies in rehabilitation (Ida Cabantin, 201).

 Scc. Armin Luistro says that CCP will be a protective tool of teachers as they struggle daily

with the duties of instilling discipline among their young and impressionable students. It also

says that Department of Education wants to put zero tolerance in bullying as well as in child

discrimination, violence inside of the school.

The aim of the policy is to safeguard and promote our pupils' welfare, safety and

health by fostering an honest, open, caring and supportive climate. Pupil's safety is of paramount

importance in our aspirations to achieve the every child matters outcomes for all our children

(Pocklington Montessori, Carrlane,2000).

The researcher is curious in terms of how the school heads implements the CPP inside

of their respective schools, the knowledge of the teachers or their awareness in terms of

implementing the guidelines and rules of the policy, are they familiar on this policy or do they

know that there is a kind of policy like this? Is the policy gives an effective impact to the

image of school in terms of avoiding bullying, abuses and harassment inside of the school?

Also the researcher is hungry in terms of knowing the needs of every child for their

protections. The researcher also wants to know if the school try to support the needs of each

individual child by giving the three main elements to child protection/safeguarding children

policy remains to be seen. Thus, this study conceptualized.

II. Theoretical Framework:

The study is based on the Child Protection Policy made by the Department of

Education to promote the safety and the protection of every students and teachers in all schools
and campuses. The policy is based on the two important laws with the aim of protecting children

from harassment, bullying and child abuse and physical abuse.

Child Abuse - physical maltreatment or sexual molestation of a child.

Child abuse is when a parent or caregiver, whether through action or failing to act, causes

injury, death, emotional harm or risk of serious harm to a child. There are many forms of child

maltreatment, including neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse, exploitation and emotional

abuse.

Quid pro quo harassment occurs when a school employee explicitly or implicitly conditions a

student s participation in an education program or activity or bases an educational decision on

the student s submission to unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, or other

verbal, nonverbal, or physical conduct.

School violence encompasses physical violence, including student-on-student fighting and

corporal punishment; psychological violence, including verbal abuse; sexual violence, including

rape and sexual harassment; many forms of bullying, including cyberbullying; and carrying

weapons in school.