8/26/2019

THESIS PROJECT
OPEN RESTAURANT

Chahat Gupta
B. design (I.D.)
 INTRODUCTION
Restaurant is a business which prepares, serves food and drinks to customers providing them
with a pleasing and harmonious dining experience. With increasing demand of good
restaurants accompanied by quality of food and ambience, people are getting attracted
towards such places more often for every occasion or celebration.
Food being an important part of our lives is a solution for all ceremonies, business meetings,
proposals or gatherings of loved ones etc. for any occasion people come to these restaurants
to enjoy the food and the magnificent décor of the place.
Having such gatherings inside or outside the restaurant has now become a choice of the
visitors. Observing the current long hours of work people like the idea of having their meals
in open area, enjoying both food and weather at the same time. Having a serene time while
enjoying a good meal under the open sky is always delightful to do. People love the night
sky and outdoor lighting environment. Such a restaurant enables the customers to not only
relish the place, food or ambience but also the view which is being offered in an open
restaurant concept.

REASONS FOR CHOOSING THIS TOPIC

The main reason of choosing this as my thesis project is to understand the concept of open
restaurants on terrace rooftop and perform in depth study for the same.
I want to understand the need of encouraging the open restaurants and to get familiar with
the concept involved behind the setting up of open restaurants which includes the décor
and theme.
Also, I want a good understanding of the budget criteria based on evolving factors like
climate, location type of food to be served, people's choices, etc.
As a designer, I want to help create a project which has an amazing dining experience for
the customers, serve them and provide them with the most astounding ambience to let
people come more often.

SCOPE
The scope of the project is to spread the idea of open restaurants so that people become
aware of the void spaces on the rooftops and use them effectively and efficiently. With the
growing business of restaurants, opening everywhere and facing space issues, rooftop
restaurants will prove to be favourable in long term. They have and will prove to be a
fruitful prospect for hospitality business and will help boom this industry.
 LIMITATIONS
The limitations which might come up during the project of the open restaurants (rooftop)
will include the following :-
• A specified area has been allotted to us and it may become a design constraint as there
can be so many options that can be explored in this topic.
• Lighting can be a challenge when dealing with an open space.
• Budget is another factor which is important and to be kept in mind while designing the
area.
ROLE AS A DESIGNER
The space requirements for the restaurant design must always be kept in mind. As a designer
there are a few of the most important features that one should keep in mind to make any
restaurant design and floor plan efficient. In this case the difference of the space being an
open restaurant there will be a number of new challenges and techniques that should be
considered.

1. Human Comfort

Human comfort in a space primarily relies on temperature comfort and seating quality,
lighting and acoustic comfort. Apart from these, the floor plan must be such that space
available for design should be able to provide each customer with comfortable personal
space. There must be enough space in the design to sit, stand, walk-in and walk out
comfortably.

2. Lighting

Lighting Design aims to enable the occupant to work and move around in safety. It provides
for our visual needs, and safety and security. Light in restaurants can be divided into three
categories- Ambient, Accent and Mood Lighting. While Ambient lighting is used for normal
functions, accent lighting is focused on a particular area. Mood lighting is for the aesthetic,
and it is the combination of these three that define a lighting in restaurant design. In
restaurant interior design psychology, lighting is considered an essential factor and the
restaurant design focuses on the function and psychological impact of various lights.

The open space plan must be designed in cahoots with the overall effect and placing of each
of these light elements. Restaurant theme colours also play an essential role in the comfort
and perception of the customers.

3. Acoustic

Restaurants traditionally have carpeted floors and soft furnishings which provide sound-
absorbing qualities. The concept of open restaurant leans towards no roofs and hard surfaces;
though these features are aesthetically pleasing, they are known to produce excessive echo
within a confined space. As these venues are usually fast-paced and crowded, this makes for
an uncomfortably loud environment. Live music section with accordance to the theme and
sound levels is a must. It should not be too loud for the neighbours.

4. Optimum Utilization of Seating and Smooth Circulation

The space design plan should be made in such a way that allows the servers to move quickly
with food and beverages in the restaurant and it also allows the guests to move in and out of
the restaurant freely. Floor plans should also provide customers with enough elbow room.
The areas for specific functions need to be decided in such a way that the seating space is
maximized without compromising the customers’ level of comfort.
 MARKET RESEARCH

Market research in interior design plays a very important role as it is an organized and in-
depth study of the are required for designing an area. Things considered are electrical and
mechanical fittings, furniture, soft furnishing and flooring. It also involves decorating,
painting and remodelling of any space.

Markets surveyed:

► Kotla
► Govindpuri
► Kailash colony
► Kalkaji
► Lajpat Nagar

FLOORING:
Flooring is the process of clean, smooth, durable and impervious levelled surface and the
surface is known to be as floor. It is used for permanent covering of a floor, or the work of
installing such as floor covering.
The flooring is the first thing that the patrons notice, they walk on the floor and waited to be
seated. The flooring materials that can be used in an exterior setup can be: -

► CONCRETE FLOORING
Concrete floors can be finished in various ways-with colours, stains and aggregates- and
given a textured surface or buffed until glassy. These are easy to clean, and they resist water
when properly sealed. Concrete works well with radiant heating, and the surface absorbs heat
to cut energy bills. Concrete is durable, stain-proof, waterproof and chic giving a
contemporary look. It is resistant to fire, stains, water, bacteria, and odours. It also
contributes to good air quality and it helps reduce energy bills when used properly.

Available in thickness of 4, 5’’and 6"

Price-Rs 55/Sqft- Rs 80/Sqft
Brands available- Bajaj, H & R Johnson India Ltd, Kajaria Ceramics, HSIL Ltd, Orient Bell
Ltd, Somany Ceramics Ltd, NITCO Ltd, etc.
► CERAMIC TILE FLOORING:
Ceramic tiles are versatile. durable and stylish and plays an integral part in the décor. These
are made up of sand, clays and natural products after moulding into shape and fired into the
kiln. Being stain and water resistant, naturally robust against humidity conditions and
renowned for their longevity and easy maintenance, keeping the space look elegant and
bright.

SIZES PRICE THICKNESS

12" x 12" Rs 30-50 8mm, 10mm, 12mm
16" X 16" Rs 40-50
32" x 32" Rs 45-75
2' x 2 Rs 85-95
2x 4' Rs 100-120

► WOODEN FLOORING
Wooden flooring is any product manufactured from timber is designed for use as flooring
structural or aesthetic. Wood is common choice as flooring material due its environmental
profile durability and restorability.
• Laminated wooden flooring
It is compressed fibre board planks covered with photographic image of wood, stone or tile
with a protective overlay. It is cheap, resistance to abrasion, has double moisture
protection, easy and fast to lay. Engineered wooden flooring It is composed of two or more
layers of wood in the form of a plank. The top layer of the wood is visible, and the flooring
is installed and adhered to the core Each board is made of single piece of wood usually
fitted using tongue and groove.

Cost of raw wood: Rs 1300/Sqft - Rs 7000/Sqft

Laminated wooden flooring- Rs 100-250/Sqft + installation charges of Rs 25/Sqft (approx.)
Solid Wood Hardwood flooring- Rs 400-500/Sqft
Thickness- 18mm to 20mm
Engineered wood flooring- Rs 250-400/Sqft + installation charges at Rs 30/Sqft (approx.) Rs
1600-Rs 14600/Sq.m for expensive woods
Thickness- 40mm
► NATURAL STONE FLOORING
Natural stone refers to a variety of mountain-born mineral substance that stand in comfort
to any synthetic or manufactured stone products. Common natural stone flooring includes
slate, marble limestone, travertine, granite and sandstone. Grading system is followed and
refers to the size, shape and thickness of tile, as well as condition of its surface. They can be
of various types like-
Travertine- It has voids, and some veining with variety of colours. Forms a beautiful
countertop
for washrooms. It is a popular choice for outdoors, especially cladding pavers, or as pool
surrounds. It is naturally water resistant and most dense material.
Limestone- It is visible fossil embedded within same colour variety. It is not chosen for
outdoors but can be used for sealing. Marble-It has distinct veining with a wide variety of
colours. It is a popular material for bathroom countertops but not suitable for kitchen
countertops and outdoor areas.
Granite- It has a busy visual texture in a variety of colours. It has visibly crystalline texture
composed of mica and quartz. The hardness of the stone makes granite the most popular
choice for both kitchen and bathroom as well as outdoor applications and exterior cladding.

STONE SIZES THICKNESSES

TRAVERTINE 12’’X12’’ 3/8’’
16’’X16’’ ½’’
18’’X18’’ ½’’
24’’X24’’ 5/8’’
LIMESTONE 2’X3’ 3/8’’
2’X2’ 3/8’’
1’X2’ 3/8’’
FINISHES NATURAL, ANTI-SLIP, SEMI-POLISH

TYPE LENGTH WIDTH THICKNESS

MARBLE BLOCKS 30cm to 250cm 30cm to 100cm 30mm to 100mm
MARBLE SLABS 70cm to 250cm 30cm to 100cm 20mm to 150mm
MARBLE TILES 60cm x 60cm 18mm to 24mm in
50cm x 50cm same piece
40cm x 40cm
30cm x 30cm
20cm x 20cm
10cm x 10cm
Prices for marble flooring per square foot – Rs 65 to Rs 2000
 MARKET SURVEY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF WOODEN
FLOORING

TYPE SIZE RANGE THICKNESS RANGE PRICES

PVC 0.8mm 2mm Rs 100/Sqft
WPC (WOOD 8' x 4' 2.2mm 2.8mm Rs 120/Sqft
PLASTIC
COMPOSITE)
8' x 4' 16mm Rs 150/Sqft
COMMERCIAL 7’x4’ 19mm
BOARD 7’x3’ 25mm
6’x6’ 20mm
8' x 4" 0.6mm-1.5mm Min-Rs 750/sheet
LAMINATE 3’x7’ 3mm-30mm Max-Rs 8000/sheet
5’x12’
4mm Rs 43.86/Sqft
6mm Rs 62.15/Sqft
8-9mm Rs 73.81/Sqft
MARINE PLYWOOD 12mm Rs 88.15/Sqft
16mm Rs 117.44/Sqft
18mm Rs 128.47/Sqft
19mm Rs 129.46/Sqft

4mm Rs 54.38/Sqft
6mm Rs 72.03/Sqft
8-9mm Rs 90.63/Sqft
BOILING WATER- 12mm Rs 105.38/Sqft
RESISTANT 16mm Rs 135.63/Sqft
PLYWOOD
18mm Rs 152.71/Sqft
19mm Rs 140.92/Sqft
 TYPE SIZE RANGE THICKNESS RANGE PRICES
8’x4’ 6mm, 8mm, 12mm, Local- Rs 65/Sqft
COMMERCIAL PLY 7’x4’ 19mm Brand- Rs 110/Sqft
6’x4’
6’x3’
4’x3’
8’x4’ 6mm, 12mm, 18mm Local- Rs 70/Sqft
MARINE PLY 7’x4’ Brand-Rs 110/Sqft
6’x4’
6’x3’
8' x 4’ 4mm Rs 32/Sqft
FLEXIBLE PLY 6mm Rs 35/Sqft
12mm Rs 60/Sqft

► BRICK FLOORING
This type of flooring is done with laying brick tiles down in a bed of mortar and arranged in
a pattern. This flooring is especially suited to warehouses, stores, etc. Well-burnt bricks of
good colour and uniform shapes are used. Bricks are laid either or flat or an edge, arranged
in herringbone fashion or set it right angles to the walls, or set any other good-looking
pattern.

Thickness- 40mm to 100mm

For domestic purpose- 50mm-60mm
Road construction-80mm thick
Airports, ports and freight yard- 100mm thick
Price- Rs 4500/1000 tiles

► VINYL FLOORING
Vinyl composition tile (VCT) is a finished flooring material used primarily in commercial and
institutional applications. Vinyl tiles are composed of coloured vinyl chips formed into solid
sheets of varying thickness (1/8") by heat and pressure and cut into 12" squares. Tiles are
applied to a smooth, levelled sub- floor using a specially formulated vinyl adhesive that
remains tacky but does not completely dry. Tiles are typically waxed and buffed using
special materials.
FALSE CEILING:
It is not a structural element finished surface concealing the underside of the roof structure
or the floor or the storey above. The false ceiling level has to be maintained at a certain
level which is typically 7'6" above the finished floor surface.

►CONCEALED CEILING

• PLASTER OF PARIS (POP)

POP is commonly used for constructing false ceiling with gypsum as its main component. It
is manufactured as a dry powder and is mixed with water to form a paste when used. POP
hardens immediately when water is ceiling added to it. It is applied to fibreboard or a wood
base, which is then suspended to form false

• GYPSUM BOARD
Gypsum is a soft, light weight hydrated sulphate of calcium. This type of false ceiling
consists of gypsum boards that are supported by iron framework. It is light weight and easy
to install. They are sound insulated, fire resistance, soft and thermally insulated. The
finishing work on these boards include paints, laminates, wallpapers and texture finish.
Ceiling tiles They are standard 12" x 12" or 16" X 16" squares that are attached to a frame
which are connected with vertical members.

• FIBERBOARD
The fibreboard tiles are strengthened with wood, vegetable fibre, wood waste, reed paper
and agricultural wastes. They have high insulation against sound and fireWater repellents
and preservatives are added to increase the life of the product. The material used in this
type of ceiling are either cloth, leather or thermocol. Easily mouldable in nature.

• GLASS
The glass used in ceiling can be clear, frosted glass, back painted, stained glass, mirror, etc.
It creates an illusion of depth. It is used to create illusion of depth, and makes room looks
visually higher; it is also used to get natural light all day. This type of ceiling can be made on
wooden as well as aluminium framework.

• METAL
Metal ceiling are made of naturally strong lightweight aluminium, zinc coated steel or
stainless steel, repainted and treated for long life, rust-free performance, fire and moisture
resistant.
 MARKET SURVEY OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF CEILING MATERIALS

MATERIAL IMAGE SIZE THICKNESS COST

POP CEILING 2’X2’ 12mm Rs 40/sq ft
Rs 48/sq ft
POP sheets Rs 70-80
POP patti Rs 130
GYPSUM 4’x6’ 8mm, Rs 340/sheet
6’x6’ 10mm,12mm Rs 55/sqft (channel)
6’x4’ Up to 20mm Rs 65/sqft
WOODEN 4’x8’ 6mm,8mm, Particle board Rs 26/sqft
4’x6’ 12mm Plywood Rs 150/sqft
3’x7’ MDF Rs 21/sqft
Block board Rs 71/sqft
Veneer Rs 69/sqft
Laminates Rs 37/sqft
GLASS 2’x2’
3’x3’ 5mm to Rs 80/sqft
Custom sizes 8mm
METAL Steel &
aluminium 0.5mm Rs 80 to 250/sqft
2’x2’
1’x1’
1’x4’
2’x4’
SYNTHETIC 16’’x16’’
2’x2’ Customised Rs 900 to 1200/sqft
2’x4’
LIGHTING:
Lighting is an extremely important part of restaurant design and when it comes to an outdoor
setting then this aspect is one of the most major ones. These are responsible for letting out
the whole theme of the place.
In an open restaurant, from different types of lighting and the proper use of natural light to
the latest technology of smart lighting, there is a lot to consider.
There can be different types of light fixtures like:
• PENDANT LIGHTS
These lights hang from the ceilings and can be positioned over bars, tables, countertops or
host areas. It provides a great task light over tables for guest when they are reading the
menus.
• CHANDELIERS
Hangs from ceiling and creates a focal point in an entrance way or dining room. Provides
light and elegant style. Can be different shapes and sizes.
• WALL LAMPS
Provides accent lighting. These lights are attached to the walls and can be used to flank
artworks or mirrors and are Often used in restrooms as vanity lights
• TRACK LIGHTING
Multiple fixtures are attached on a continuous track and can set to direct light in multiple
directions. It creates focal points. Also, it can be placed on ceilings, beams or even on the
floors.
• RECESSED LIGHTING
Have openings that are flush to the ceiling Send narrow bands of light downwards Used for
ambient lighting or task lighting
• UTILITY LIGHTING
Offers no specific design influence but provides important lighting to rooms dedicated to
service and function, like commercial kitchens, dish rooms and storage areas.

BRANDS PRODUCTS
Philips electronics India Ltd. Wall and ceiling lights, Spotlights, downlight suspension
and décor lights, automatic smart lights
Havells India Ltd. Lamps, spotlights, downlights, ceiling lights
Wipro Recessed mounted luminaires, linear lamps, flexible strip
lights, down lights
Eveready Spotlights, down lights, deco lights
Syska Downlights, panel, strip lights, moisture proof lights,
portable, wall lights, automatic smart lights
WALL FINISHES:
A wall finish is given to the wall to enhance the interior or exterior look of the structure.
New contemporary trends have brought about a great deal of increase in the usage of
various types of wall finishes for the aesthetic purpose in their interior and exterior space.
Exterior Wall Finishes
Once the windows are in, the exterior walls are usually finished as soon as possible to make the house weather proof
and secure.

The type of wall cladding chosen greatly affects the type of footings and framing you will need to choose. (That choice
would have naturally been made early in the design process, and be included in the Specification document.)

While the optimum passive energy house design is a combination of an internal skin of brick or masonry, and an
external skin of insulated sheet cladding, this is unfortunately rarely used.

In the past, double brick has been (rightly or wrongly) considered the best choice of wall construction and finish. If one
could not afford double brick, then a brick veneer was considered the next best because it looked like double brick. In
most cases, it doesn't, mainly because of the rest the house has often been made cheaply or without enough thought
to the brick selection.

For urban houses the best choice of cladding often depends upon urban streetscape in which it sits. A rendered and
painted finish may work best in a street full of similar houses on flat blocks. For regional houses, bush or beach
locations, sloping blocks and other situations where the house must sit lightly on the land, there are a variety of
interesting light weight materials that are appropriate. The choice is very much driven by what is sympathetic to the
location.

Sheet and Board Claddings

Fibre cement sheets

Fibre cement cladding (http://www.bgc.com.au/fibrecement/s_18/18_nuline.html )is more common in regional areas

due to its light weight. It is available in different thicknesses. Fibre cement cladding sheet joins need to be
waterproofed with a pvc strip, timber batten, or shadow line join with a gasket or water strip underneath. See this
article on Fibre Cement Cladding for more information.

There is also a selection of high density fibre cement in sheet panels and boards for both for vertical and horizontal
installation. The wide horizontal boards are thicker than regular horizontal fibre cement cladding. They are generally
overlaped, creating a visually dominate shadow on the next attached board. When these products are cut they have a
very smooth, clean edge due to the high density compaction of the products. They are easily painted and visually work
well with brick, timber and sheet metal cladding.

Plastic and Vinyl sheets

Low maintenance plastic cladding is available; however one has to ask why anyone would want to clad a house in
plastic. It may well last forever but that makes it questionable. Plastic never breaks down, it only gets smaller. Is there
not enough of this environmentally questionable material in the world? A better alternative are the
more environmentally friendly vinyl weatherboard sheets.

Timber boards weatherboards

These can be made from natural timber, or a wood fibre composite. They come in many profiles and are recessed and
rebated along their sides so they fit snugly together.

The natural timber can be stained or oiled but wood fibre composite products need to be painted. The boards can be
fixed vertically or horizontally. When used vertically ensure sarking (waterproof membrane that sits between the
external side of the stud wall and the cladding) and is undamaged before cladding.

A new addition to this area is the appealing Flatline, (http://www.timber.net.au/index.php/Flatline-Timber-Cladding-

System.html) that is architecturally more interesting with narrower boards, deeper shadow lines, and better water
sealing through deeper tongue and groove connections. Period style weather boards
(http://www.healysbuilding.com.au/weatherboards.htm) are also available.

Marine and Exterior Plywoods sheets

Both exterior plywood (sold by Boral) and marine grade plywood can be used for exterior cladding. Both work well in
contemporary designs or beach environments with steel, fibre cement and Colorbond.

Exterior plywood is generally a cross laminated exterior plywood that can be clear finished or used as a base for
laminates. It is grown from plantation timber and has a smooth sanded or rough sawn finish. Often the same bonding
resin is used in this plywood as in Marine plywood and therefore it can sustain heat, wet and cold conditions. However
like all exterior timber, it needs to be recoated every two years otherwise it will discolour, mould and delaminate. The
12mm thick sheets are machined and are available rough-sawn, grooved and ship-lapped.

Also available are interesting veneer bonded sheets like ShadowClad They are slightly decorative sheets with a band-
sawn surface (with a groove profile option) that can be purchased pre-primed if necessary.

Steel sheets

Flat, corrugated and profiled steel with corrosion resistant zinc/aluminium alloy coating
like Zincalume or Colorbond are popular for their very Australian look, and their strength, durability, and lightness.
They all work well with natural timber, brick and painted fibre cement. Many interesting light weight houses use
combinations of these materials. Everyone of the mid tone colours in the Colorbond range blend in well with the
colours of the Australian landscape.

For wall applications only the sheeting is attached by rubber backed hat-screws which, on corrugated sheets, are
fastened in the valleys onto the stud wall frame. Colour matching hat-screws can be purchased or pressure pack cans
of Colorbond paints can be used to paint these fittings the colour of the sheeting and to paint accessories and touch
up scratches.

While Australians seem to love corrugated-iron/Colorbond, so do spiders who find the curved shapes make very good
little spider houses. The end capping should therefore be well fitted. Rolls of black semi-circle foam strips are also
available so the valleys at the end of the sheets can be sealed.

Weathered Steel

Best-known under the trademark Cor-Ten, this steel contains alloys that allow it to rust to a stable surface which
removes the need for painting. This steel has been used mainly on sculpture and commercial architecture but is being
considered by more adventurous designers for residential housing where it can look spectacular. See the St Andrews
Beach House.

Cor-Ten steel is expensive. However it can be used well as a feature wall with precast concrete and other claddings
like, fibre cement, corrugated iron and timber. It is also possible to have the exposed steel frame of a house fabricated
in this steel, which again looks spectacular.
Brick Sheets

Brick Snaps are sheets of bricks that are cast on thin concrete slabs that can be vertically hung. With no mortar lines,
brick sheets are an interesting consideration for contemporary houses, either as a complete cladding or a feature wall.
Brick sheets look a little more "designed" than conventional brick work.

Stone Facade

Austral Bricks Lite-Stone is a light-weight natural stone facade, designed for simple installation by professional
applicators or competent DIY-ers. It can be fixed with adhesive to most substrates. These stone facades come in a
variety of styles, some looking more like solid stone than others. They can be quite effective as feature walls.

Terracotta Wall Tiles

This is a beautiful cladding. Terracade are terracotta wall tiles that are fixed to a channel system attached to a timber
or steel stud wall. They look spectacular. Some tiles even have thermal insulation properties. They also work very well
as a feature wall along side steel (and especially Cor-ten steel), stone and homogenous finishes like fibre cement.
While it is one of the most expensive alternatives for wall cladding, it is also one of the most stylish.

Copper and Zinc claddings.

Copper and Zinc claddings, while expensive, look spectacular if used well. The copper cladding can be used as a
feature wall with modern brick work, steel or timber.

See our blog on Funky Claddings for more information.

Brick and concrete block veneer

this is the most common method of cladding as it is low maintenance, economical and a quick method of construction.

Many consider that the brick veneer housing developments are the scourge of the Australian residential landscape and
the result of tasteless developers maximizing their profits by building similar houses with similar materials on the
smallest block they can get away with. While there is a lot of truth to that, the right brick used on the right wall can
look stunning.