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By :
Affin Yusuf1), Eni Sumiarsih2), Muhammad Fauzi2)
affinkoer@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
In the Bencah Kelubi Village, there are Palm Oil Industries that flew their
liquid waste to the Siak River and polluting the river. To understand the water quality
of the river based on macrozoobenthos community, a research was conducted in
March-May 2017. Parameters measured were the density, the abundance, diversity
index, dominance index, and uniformity index of the makrozoobentos. While the
water quality parameters were temperature, transparency, depth, current speed, TSS,
turbidity, dissolved oxygen, pH and COD. There were 3 stations with 2 sampling
points/station. Macrozoobenthos and water were sampled 3 times, once/week. Result
shown that there were 5 types of macrozoobenthos, namely Annelids (Tubifex sp.
Nereis sp), Molluscs (Corbicula javanica, Anadonta sp.), and Arthropods
(Chironomus sp.). The abundance of macrozoobenthos ranged from 227-295
organisms/m2. Diversity index was 1.522-1.936, dominance index was 0.273-0.373,
and uniformity index was 0.835-0.968. The water quality parameters were as follow:
temperature 30-310C, transparency 35-61 cm, depth 4-5 m, current speed 0.3-0.4 m/s,
TSS 3.0-4.7, turbidity 6.4-23 NTU, dissolved oxygen 4.12-5.36 mg/L, pH 5, COD
8.5-17.6 mg/L. data obtained indicate that the water of the Siak River in the Bencah
Kelubi Village is moderately polluted.
Keywords : Moderately polluted, Palm oil industries, river pollution, diversity index
PENDAHULUAN
Sungai Siak merupakan sungai dan kedalaman antara 6 - 26 m, dengan
terdalam di Indonesia yang memiliki penampang dasar berbentuk V
karakteristik unik, yaitu memiliki (Iskandar dan Dahiyat, 2012). Hasil
panjangnya mencapai ± 345 km. analisis kualitas air yang dilakukan
Panjang Sungai Siak yang dapat oleh Badan Lingkungan Hidup (BLH
dilayari mencapai 200 km. Lebar Provinsi Riau), bahwa tingkat
Sungai Siak bervariasi dari 20 - 200 m pencemaran di Sungai Siak dari tahun
2
Stasiun
No Kelas Famili Genus Spesies Jumlah %
1 2 3
1. Polychaeta Nereidae Penelitian
Nereis Nereis sp. 2 4 2 8 23.5
17.6
2. Insecta Chironomidae Chironomus Chironomus sp. 4 2 - 6
38.2
3. Clitellata Naididae Tubifex Tubifex sp. 2 4 7 13
2.9
4. Unionidae Anadonta Anadonta sp. - - 1 1
Bivalva
Corbicula 17.6
5. Cyrenidae Corbicula 3 - 3 6
javanica
Total 11 8 13 34 100
3. Chironomus sp.
spesies ini memiliki mata
dibagian anterior, sepasang antenna
dan mulut tipe penghisap. Tubuh
berwarna kehijauan dan ada juga
berwarna kemerahan. Perut berbentuk
piring dan berkembang dengan baik,
biasanya banyak terdapat jejak.
Habitat larva ini sangat bervariasi
6
2. Bahan Organik
Hasil pengukuran rata–rata kandungan Sedangkan yang terendah ditemukan
bahan organik selama penelitian pada Stasiun 1 yaitu 33,41% (Gambar
berkisar 33,41 - 45,90%. Kandungan 1).
bahan organik tertinggi ditemukan
pada Stasiun 3 yaitu 45,90 %.
50 45.9
Bahan Organik (%)
40 33.41 35.34
30
20
10
0
Stasiun 1 Stasiun 2 Stasiun 3
Baku Pendapat
Stasiun
No Parameter Satuan Mutu Para Ahli
1 2 3
A. Fisika
0
1. Suhu C 31 30 30 Deviasi 3 -
2. Kecerahan cm 61 35 52 - -
3. Kedalaman M 5 4 5 - -
4. Kec. Arus m/s 0,3 0,4 0,4 - -
5. TSS mg/L 3,0 4,7 3,7 400 -
6. Kekeruhan NTU 6,4 23,1 13,4 5 – 25
- Alaerts dan
Santika (1984)
B. Kimia
1. pH - 5 5 5 6-9 -
2. Oksigen terlarut mg/L 3,1 3,6 4,4 3 -
3. COD mg/L 13,2 32,8 26,8 50 -
Ket :
- = Tidak dipersyaratkan
Baku Mutu = PP/ 82/ 2001, Klas III