CHAPTER 2.

0 ARCHITECTURAL PROGRAMMING DATA

2.1 SITE SELECTION PROCESS

2.1.1 SITE SELECTION CRITERIA

Selection of the project site will be done by using this criterion.

Whichever location has the highest percentage will be chosen to have the best
site characteristics suited for the development of the proposed project. These
criteria are based on the requirements stated by the Revised Implementing Rules
and Regulations for BP 220 for economic and socialized housing projects.

A. AVAILABILITY OF BASIC NEEDS (30%)

The site should be located near cities and towns or should be nearby
major roads which will provide access to these areas. Being located nearby these
areas will provide the relocated community access to their basic needs such as
supplies, commercial areas, and job opportunities.

CRITERIA PERCENTAGE RATING

5 – Excellent
4 – Good
Access to major cities
50% 3 – Fair
and towns
2 – Average
1 – Poor
5 – Excellent
4 – Good
Access to commercial
30% 3 – Fair
areas
2 – Average
1 - Poor
5 – Excellent
Access to nearby areas 4 – Good
which will provide job 20% 3 – Fair
opportunities 2 – Average
1 - Poor

16
B. ACCESIBILITY (20%)

The site should have access to major roads which will connect the site
to nearby cities and towns. Having access to nearby roads will provide the
community with means to travel thus not limiting their movements and
activities to the project site only.

CRITERIA PERCENTAGE RATING

5 – Excellent
4 – Good
Access to public
30% 3 – Fair
transportation
2 – Average
1 - Poor
5 – Excellent
4 – Good
Access to roads 20% 3 – Fair
2 – Average
1 - Poor

C. PHYSICAL SUITABILITY (30%)

The site should not be too susceptible to flooding and other natural
calamities to ensure the safety of the relocated community.

CRITERIA PERCENTAGE RATING

5 – Excellent
The site should not be 4 – Good
to much prone to 60% 3 – Fair
flooding 2 – Average
1 – Poor
5 – Excellent
4 – Good
The site should not be
40% 3 – Fair
near fault lines
2 – Average
1 - Poor

17
 D. CONFORMITY WITH THE ZONING ORDINANCE OR LAND USE
PLAN OF THE CITY/MUNICIPALITY (20%)

The site should conform with the zoning ordinance or the local CLUP
where they are located which will be suitable for socialized housing projects.

CRITERIA PERCENTAGE RATING

5 – Excellent
The site should not be 4 – Good
too much prone to 60% 3 – Fair
flooding 2 – Average
1 – Poor
5 – Excellent
4 – Good
The site should not be
40% 3 – Fair
near fault lines
2 – Average
1 - Poor

2.1.2 DESCRIPTION OF SITE OPTIONS

Figure 1.0 Vicinity Map of Cavite

Source: Google Earth

18
 The site will be located on the province of Cavite which is relatively
close to Metro Manila where the communities who are to be relocated currently
live in. The province has a total land area of 299,404 hectares and is separated
into eight districts and has seven cities.

Figure 2.0 District Map of Cavite

Source: cavite.gov.ph

No. of
Cities and Municipalities
Barangays
• Cavite City 84
• Kawit 23
First District
• Noveleta 16
• Rosario 20
Second District • City of Bacoor 73
Third District • City of Imus 97
Fourth District • City of Dasmariǐas 75
• Carmona 14
Fifth District • Silang 64
• Gen. Mariano Alvarez 27
Sixth District • Gen. Trias City 33
• Amadeo 26
• Indang 36
Seventh District
• Tanza 41
• Trece Martires City 13
• Tagaytay City 34
• Alfonso 32
• Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo 14
Eighth District • Magallanes 16
• Maragondon 27
• Naic 30
• Ternate 10
Table 1.0 Cities and Municipality of Cavite and their Number of Barangays
Source: cavite.gov.ph 19
 Figure 3.0 Site Options
Source: Google Earth

Options for the site will be located on the in Imus and Dasmariñas,
Cavite as both of these cities are mostly comprised of housing projects from
different developers. This is also a good place to find a site as the chosen site
will be located near cities and the relocated communities will have easier access
to these areas where they can get their daily supplies and find job opportunities
best suited for their skills. The area is also near Daang Hari Road, which
provides the community with nearby access to Metro Manila, particularly
Muntinlupa, Las Piñas, and Parañaque.

The first site option (Site A) will be located along Daang Hari Road and
is nearby Emilio Aguinaldo Highway in Pasong Buaya I, Imus, Cavite. The
second (Site B) is located along Molino-Paliparan Road in Salawag, Bacoor,
Cavite. And the third site (Site C) is located along Daang hari Road in Molino
IV, Bacoor, Cavite.

All of these chosen site options are located nearby cities and along major
roads in Cavite. Sites A and C are both located along Daang Hari Road which
is currently under development, this gives both sites lots of potential as there
might be interesting developments in the future.

20
 Figure 4.0 Site A
Source: Google Earth

SITE A

Lot Area: 109 Hectares

Land Use: Non – Agricultural and Agricultural Area

Lot Type: Irregular

Soil Type: Guadalupe Clay Adobe

Site A is located in Barangay Pasong Buaya I in Imus, Cavite along

Daang Hari Road. It has nearby Emilio Aguinaldo Highway which is one of the
three major roads in Cavite that starts from Las Piñas and ends in Tagaytay,
Cavite. The site has nearby commercial areas, supermarkets, and public markets
which will provide them with their daily needs. The site is 10-20 minutes away
from the City of Imus and 25-45 minutes away from the City of Bacoor. The
site is easily accessible by any means of transportation and has direct access to
public transportations like jeepneys, tricycles, multicabs, UV Express, and bus.
The site has access to Muntinlupa and Las Piñas City via Daang Hari Road and
has access to Manila from Emilio Aguinaldo Highway via bus and UV Express.

21
 Figure 5.0 Site B
Source: Google Earth

SITE B

Lot Area: 70.5 Hectares

Land Use: Non – Agricultural and Agricultural Area

Lot Type: Irregular

Soil Type: Guadalupe Clay Adobe

Site B is located in Barangay Salawag, Bacoor Cavite along Molino-

Paliparan Road. The site has access to the City of Bacoor via Molino-
Paliparan Road which takes 20-40 minutes by jeep or bus and it is 25-45
minutes away from the City of Imus. The site has access to public
transportation like jeepneys, tricycles, UV Express, multicabs and bus. Site B
has no direct access to Manila unlike Site A but it is nearer to Muntinlupa and
Las Piñas. It has nearby commercial areas and public markets which are
accessible via public transportation

22
SITE C Figure 5.0 Site C
Source: Google Earth

Lot Area: 105 Hectares

Land Use: Non – Agricultural and Agricultural Area

Lot Type: Irregular

Soil Type: Guadalupe Clay Adobe

Site C is located along Daang Hari Road in Barangay Molino IV,

Bacoor, Cavite. The site is 20-40 minutes away from the City of Bacoor and is
25-45 minutes away from the City of Imus. It has few access to most public
transportation like jeepneys, tricycles, UV Express, and bus because these pass
through Molino-Paliparan Road though there are multicabs operating in the
Daang Hari Road. This site is located nearest to Muntinlupa via Daang Hari
Road and is near commercial areas and public markets in Molino-Paliparan
Road.

23
2.1.3 SITE SELECTION AND JUSTIFICATION

SITE A
CRITERIA % GRADE NOTES
• Near public and commercial areas
located along Emilio Aguinaldo
Highway
• A few minutes ride from the nearest
Availability of
28 city, hospitals, and public markets,
basic needs 30%
which could provide the community
with their basic needs
• Site is located near schools along
Emilio Aguinaldo Highway
• Nearest to Emilio Aguinaldo
Highway which gives access to
Metro Manila
Accessibility 20% 16
• Has access to roads leading to major
cities like Imus, Bacoor,
Dasmariñas, Muntinlupa, Pasay, etc.
• Soil is suitable for housing
developments
• Site is surrounded by an open area
which could give way for future
Physical
30% 27 developments should the project
Suitability
proponent choose to buy the land
• Area is not susceptible to flooding
according to the flood hazard map of
Imus.
• Located in a Non-agricultural and
Conformity with
agricultural area
the local zoning 20% 18
• Site is classified as an alienable and
ordinance or LUP
disposable land
TOTAL GRADE 100% 89%

24
 SITE B
CRITERIA % GRADE NOTES
• A few minutes ride from the nearest
city, hospitals, and public markets
• Has access to local schools in
Bacoor
Availability of
27 • Located nearby major cities in
basic needs 30%
Cavite and Metro Manila and
commercial areas which could
provide job opportunities for the
relocated community
• Has various public transportation in
the area
• Located along a major road that
connects multiple areas in Cavite
Accessibility 20% 18 • Has access to Bacoor and
Dasmariñas via Molino-Paliparan
Road, Muntinlupa and Emilio
Aguinaldo Highway via Daang Hari
Road
• Soil is good for housing
developments
Physical • Site is located alongside a creek
30% 24
Suitability • Lot area is limited by surrounding
housing developments and a creek
• Area is not susceptible to flood
• Located in a Non-agricultural and
Conformity with
agricultural area
the local zoning 20% 18
• Site is classified as an alienable and
ordinance or LUP
disposable land
TOTAL GRADE 100% 87%

25
 SITE C
CRITERIA % GRADE NOTES
• A few minutes ride from the nearest
city and public markets
• Site is nearest to Muntinlupa and
southern parts of Metro Manila
• Located nearby major cities in
Availability of
24 Cavite and Metro Manila and
basic needs 30%
commercial areas which could
provide job opportunities for the
relocated community
• Has access to local schools in
Bacoor and Muntinlupa
• Has limited public transportation in
the area
• Needs to go to Molino-Paliparan
Accessibility 20% 12 Road for the nearest public
transportation
• Has access to major roads in Bacoor,
Imus, and Muntinlupa
• Soil is suitable for housing
developments
• Site is nearby creeks
Physical
30% 21 • Has low susceptibility to flood
Suitability
• Lot is in an irregular shape due to
the existing and ongoing housing
developments in the area
• Located in a Non-agricultural and
Conformity with
agricultural area
the local zoning 20% 18
• Site is classified as an alienable and
ordinance or LUP
disposable land
TOTAL GRADE 100% 75%

26
 JUSTIFICATION:

Site A is chosen as it has the highest total percentage based on the

criteria used for the site selection process. It is located in Barangay Pasong
Buaya I and it has the highest land area of the three site options with 109
hectares in total. The site is located near major cities in Cavite and Metro
Manila, it is 6.1 kilometers away from Imus, 7.7 kilometers away from Bacoor,
11.1 kilometers away from Dasmariñas, and 15.7 kilometers away from
Alabang-Zapote Road which spans from Las Piñas and Muntinlupa.

2.1.4 SITE ANALYSIS

2.1.4.1 MACRO SITE ANALYSIS (IMUS, CAVITE)

VICINITY MAP

Figure 6.0 Vicinity Map of the Site

Source: Google Earth

27
 CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA

WEATHER AVERAGES OF IMUS, CAVITE

Annual Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
Avg. Temp. (°C) 27.3 25.8 26.1 27.5 28.9 29.2 28.2 27.5 27.3 27.3 27.2 26.9 26.1

Ave. High Temp. (°C) 31.2 29.7 30.5 32.2 33.7 33.6 32 30.9 30.5 30.6 30.8 30.5 29.7

Ave. Low Temp. (°C) 23.5 21.9 21.8 22.8 24.1 24.8 24.5 24.1 24.1 24 23.7 23.3 22.5

Precipitation (mm) 1867 16 6 9 17 129 253 338 412 318 179 125 65

Table 2.0 Weather Averages of Imus, Cavite

Source: en.climate-data.org

The City of Imus has a tropical climate which is classified as Aw or

tropical wet and dry climate by the Köppen Climate Classification. It has a great
amount of rainfall starting around summer in May and has few rainfalls from
December to April. It has an average temperature of 27.3 °C and an average
rainfall of 1867mm.

Average Precipitation
450
400
350
300
250
Graph 1.0 Average Precipitation
200
Source: en.climate-data.org
150
100
50
0

May is considered as the hottest month in the city with an average

temperature around 29.2 °C and January being the coldest month with an
average of 25.8 °C. Temperatures vary by 3.4 °C and rainfall between February
and August vary by 406 mm throughout the year.

28
PRECIPITATION AMOUNTS

Graph 2.0 Precipitation Amounts

Source: meteoblue.com

This graph shows how much rainfall affect the number of weather
conditions like sunny and cloudy days will be in per month. It shows that there
are more numbers of sunny days in January to April due to the low amount of
precipitation in those months and the sunny days in other months are few to
none especially in July and August where there are great amounts of rainfall
present.

29
SUN PATH

Graph 3.0 Sun Path in Imus, Cavite

Source: gaisma.com

Graph 4.0 Season Graph of Imus, Cavite

Source: gaisma.com

30
GEOGRAPHICAL DATA

Figure 7.0 Map of Cavite

Source: gaisma.com

Cavite is located at the southern part of Luzon in Region IV –

Calabarzon. The city is surrounded by sea and mainland with Metro Manila and
Manila bay in its north, Laguna in the west, and Batangas in the south. It lies
14.2456° N, and 120.8786° E. The province occupies a land area of 1,407.06
square kilometers which is around 8.7% of Region IV’s total land area. It is
separated into 8 districts: First District – Cavite city, Kawit, Noveleta, and
Rosario; Second District – City of Bacoor; Third District – City of Imus; Fourth
District – City of Dasmariñas; Fifth District – Carmona, Silang, and General
Mariano Alvarez; Sixth District – General Trias City; Seventh District –
Amadeo, Indang, Tanza, and Trece Martires City; and Eighth District –
Tagaytay City, Alfonso, General Emilio Aguinaldo, Magallanes, Maragondon,
Naic, and Ternate. It consists 16 municipalities, 7 cities and 829 barangays.

31
SLOPE MAP

Figure 7.0 Slope Map of Cavite

Source: gaisma.com

The northern part of the province has a relatively flat or level slope. The
eastern and western parts of the province are mountainous areas and slopes
range from moderately steep to a very steep slope. This makes these areas the
most prone to soil erosions in the province. And the other parts of the province
ranges from undulating to rolling slopes.

Due to the slope of the province, the northern part of Cavite is more
susceptible to flooding as it has the lowest land level in the province and it is
also located along Manila bay which makes flooding even worse especially
during storm surges.

32
LAND USE MAP

Figure 8.0 Land Use Map 2007

Source: gaisma.com

According to the land use map obtained from 2007, Cavite mostly
consists of grasslands and agricultural lands. There are fishponds in the northern
part of the province, a large part of industrial zone in the west, and a great
abundance of residential zones, some commercial zones and mixed-use zones
located around major cities of the province.

33
SOIL TYPE

Figure 9.0 Soil Map

Source: bswm.maps.da.gov.ph

The soil surveys done by the Bureau of Soils and Water Management (BSWM)
shows that Cavite is composed of 10 soil types: Guadalupe clay and clay loam – these
are coarse and granular soils and are suitable to lowland rice, corn, orchard and pasture,
guadalupe clay adobe – these are hard and compact soils which make it difficult to
cultivate, Hydrosol and Obando sand – found along Bacoor bay, Guadalupe sand –
found along Rosario, Tanza, Naic, and Ternate shorelines, Magallanes loam –
recommended for diversified farming, Carmona clay loam – a granular soil good for
planting to rice with irrigation, Guingua fine sandy loam – found along Alang-ilang
river in Noveleta, and Tagaytay loam and Magallanes clay – commonly found in the
mountainous areas of Cavite.

34
CATCHMENT AREA

Figure 9.0 Catchment Area

Source: Google Earth

35
SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE (DEMOGRAPHIC DATA)

Demography 2015 2010 2007 2005

Total Population 3,678,301 3,090,691 2,856,765 2,063,161
Male 1,828,655 1,523,408 1,408,063 1,019,820
Female 1,849,646 1,567,283 1,448,702 1,043,341
Dependency ratio --- 53.3 56.5 60.9
Young independents --- 47.9 51.3 55.7
Old independents --- 5.4 5.2 5.2

Table 3.0 Population of Cavite

Source: psa.gov.ph

TOTAL POPULATION OF EACH BARANGAY IN IMUS, CAVITE

BARANGAY POPULATION BARANGAY POPULATION
IMUS 301,624 Tanzang Luma I 815
Alapan I-A 12,817 Toclong I-A 1,142
Alapan II-A 2,878 Toclong II-A 873
Anabu I-A 5,274 Alapan I-B 6,266
Anabu II-A 1,888 Alapan I-C 5,308
Poblacion I-A 2,008 Alapan II-B 1,626
Poblacion II-A 706 Anabu I-B 1,870
Poblacion III-A 781 Anabu I-C 4,645
Poblacion IV-A 1,057 Anabu I-D 2,290
Bayan Luma I 3,383 Anabu I-E 1,072
Bucandala I 3,243 Anabu I-F 1,496
Carsadang Bago I 2,738 Anabu I-G 1,318
Malagasang I-A 2,963 Anabu II-B 6,365
Malagasang II-A 9,581 Anabu II-C 4,759
Medicion I-A 1,548 Anabu II-D 1,915
Medicion II-A 1,402 Anabu II-E 3,354
Pag-Asa I 2,269 Anabu II-F 7,706
Palico I 1,943 Bagong Silang 922
Pasong Buaya I 1,818 Bayan Luma II 1,667

36
BARANGAY POPULATION BARANGAY POPULATION
Bayan Luma III 4,173 Medicion I-B 2,339
Bayan Luma IV 2,280 Medicion I-C 2,218
Bayan Luma V 3,795 Medicion I-D 1,065
Bayan Luma VI 2,539 Medicion II-B 1,999
Bayan Luma VII 2,877 Medicion II-C 1,505
Bayan Luma VIII 2,562 Medicion II-D 1,354
Bayan Luma IX 2,036 Medicion II-E 1,369
Bucandala II 1,927 Medicion II-F 1,921
Bucandala III 10,131 Pag-Asa II 3,480
Bucandala IV 2,636 Pag-Asa III 1,422
Bucandala V 3,816 Palico II 1,264
Buhay na Tubig 23,118 Palico III 669
Carsadang Bago II 11,135 Palico IV 1,853
Magdalo 9,488 Pasong Buaya II 19,611
Maharlika 3,398 Pinagbuklod 1,792
Malagasang I-B 3,443 Poblacion I- 297
Malagasang I-C 1,949 Poblacion I- 191
Malagasang I-D 2,009 Poblacion II- 493
Malagasang I-E 2,274 Poblacion III- 637
Malagasang I-F 2,971 Poblacion IV- 601
Malagasang I-G 3,191 Poblacion IV- 691
Malagasang II-B 10,072 Poblacion IV- 838
Malagasang II-C 2,232 Tanzang Luma II 1,326
Malagasang II-D 2,177 Tanzang Luma III 1,717
Malagasang II-E 1,207 Tanzang Luma IV 2,518
Malagasang II-F 1,068 Tanzang Luma V 1,769
Malagasang II-G 2,492 Tanzang Luma VI 2,359
Mariano Espeleta I 1,349 Toclong I-B 1,545
Mariano Espeleta II 1,335 Toclong I-C 1,106
Mariano Espeleta III 2,043 Toclong II-B 2,246

Table 4.0 Population of Barangays in Imus, Cavite

Source: psa.gov.ph

37
TRANSPORTATION NETWORK

The province is accessible to land via private and public utility vehicles such as
jeepneys, bus, vans, multicabs, taxis, etc. Metro Manila is about 26 km away from
Bacoor, Cavite, about 33 km away from Imus, Cavite and is accessible via CAVITEX,
Emilio Aguinaldo Road, Molino Road, and Daang Hari Road. Laguna is also accessible
to the province via the municipality of Carmona and Batangas via Tagaytay and
Maragondon. Cavite is also accessible by water via the Metrostar Ferry which travels
from Cavite City to SM Mall of Asia in Pasay City.

ROAD NETWORK

The road network of Cavite is around 1,973 kilometers in total, 335.1 km of

these are provincial roads. 407.7 km of these roads are mostly in good condition with
some parts needing repairs. There are three major highways in Cavite: Aguinaldo
Highway which crosses from the northern to the southern part of the province, the
Governor’s Drive which crosses from the eastern part to the western part of the
province, and the Antero Soriano Highway which runs in the coastal areas of Cavite.

The Cavite Expressway was opened in 2011. It is a 14 km road that connects

Kawit, Cavite to Roxas Boulevard in Parañaque. The opening of the expressway
reduced the traffic congestion in Aguinaldo Highway in Bacoor and lessened the travel
time from Imus to Baclaran to at least one hour.

HEALTH SECTOR

There are various hospitals and medical centers that can be found in Imus,
Bacoor, and Dasmariñas, Cavite. Some of these include the EAC Medical Center in
Salitran, Metro South Medical Center, Southeast Asian Medical Center, and Molino
Doctors Hospital located along Molino Road, Our Lady of the Pillar Hospital in Imus,
Imus Medical Center, and De La Salle University Medical Center and St. Paul Hospital
in Dasmariñas. There are also various clinics that can be found in these cities which can
offer basic medical attention to those in need.

38
EDUCATIONAL SECTOR

According to the government of Cavite, there are 965 schools offering nursery
to secondary education are scattered throughout the province of Cavite. 77 of these are
public secondary schools, 282 public elementary schools, 228 are private secondary
schools, and 378 are private elementary schools.

There are 17 public universities and colleges and 55 private universities and
colleges currently operating in Cavite. These universities offer a wide variety of courses
where teenagers can choose whatever career they want to take in.

POWER SUPPLY

The Manila Electric Company or Meralco provides power supply throughout

the province of Cavite. It is currently the country’s largest power distributor as it
provides electricity in Metro Manila and neighboring provinces like Rizal, Quezon,
Laguna, Cavite, Batangas, and Pampanga.

2.1.4.2 MICRO SITE ANALYSIS

LOT SIZE AND SHAPE

39
 Figure 10.0 Site Location and Street View
Source: Google Earth

The site is situated in Barangay Pasong Buaya I in Imus, Cavite. It is located

along Daang Hari Road which connects some areas of Cavite in Imus and Bacoor to
Alabang-Zapote Road in Muntinlupa. It has a total land area of approximately 109
hectares which is expected to cater 7,000 families that will be relocated from informal
settlements in Manila. It is 20-60 minutes away from the nearby cities of Imus, Bacoor,
Dasmariñas, Kawit, Muntinlupa, and Las Piñas and almost 60-90 minutes away from
Baclaran in Pasay.

VEGETATION MAP

Figure 10.0 Vegetation map

Source: Google Earth

40
SITE ANALYSIS

Figure 11.0 Site Analysis

Source: Google Earth

TOPOGRAPHIC MAP

THE SITE

Figure 12.0 Topographic Map

Source: en-ph.topographic-map.com

This map shows that the site doesn’t have a steep slope with it having 37 m to
51 m slope height. It is classified as gently sloping to undulating with 3 – 8% slope.

41
2.1.4.3 SWOT ANALYSIS

STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES
1. The site is not prone to flooding. 1. Daang Hari Road only has a few public
2. Slope of the site is classified as gently utility vehicles operating along the road.
sloping to undulating. 2. Has existing trees and waterways in
3. Has a strong soil type in Guadalupe the site.
clay adobe
OPPORTUNITIES THREATS
1. The site is located along a major road 1. Area is prone to vehicular accidents
which leads to nearby cities and major 2. There are few developments around
roads. the site.
2. Located on an open area which could
be used for future expansion
3. Site is located around an area under
development
S/O STRATEGIES W/O STRATEGIES
1. Provide PUV stops along the road. 1. Establish a tricycle operators and
2. Soil type can support low to medium drivers association which could provide
rise buildings. transportation and job opportunities in
3. Use the slope of the site to provide the area
interesting landscaping 2. Provide landscaping with existing
trees and waterways to add aesthetics to
the development
S/T STRATEGIES W/T STRATEGIES
1. Provide support facilities which could 1. Provide additional lighting and signs at
provide basic needs and job opportunities the roads to warn motorists and reduce
for the relocated community. accidents.

42
2.2 USER ANALYSIS

According to the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA), about 4.5 million people
in the Philippines are homeless or living in informal settlements throughout the country,
3 million of them are residing in Manila. 120,000 informal settlement families were
relocated from danger zones by the Aquino administration under the supervision of the
Department of Interior and Local Government.

According to the Department of Environment and National Resources (DENR),

about 200,000 families are currently living around waterways in Metro Manila. 7,000
of these families are situated in Manila as stated by Urban Settlements Office (USO)
Chief Danny Isiderio.

ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

Figure 13.0 Organizational Structure

Source: lionsbay.ca

43
2.3 LAWS AND ORDINANCES

➢ Revised Rules and Standards for Economic and Socialized Housing Projects to
Implement Batas Pambansa Blg. 220 (B.P. 220)
➢ B.P. 344 – The Law to Enhance the Mobility of Disabled Persons and Its Amended
Implementing Rules and Regulation
➢ P.D. 1096 – Rule VII “Classification and General Requirements of Buildings by
Use or Occupancy
Division A-1 residential buildings for exclusive use of single family occupants
5. single family dwellings
6. churches or similar places of worship
7. community facilities and social centers
8. parks, playgrounds, pocket parks, parkways, promenades and playlots
Division A-2 residential buildings for the exclusive use of non-leasing occupants
not exceeding 10 persons
1. single-attached or duplex or townhouse, each privately owned
7. outpatient clinics, family planning clinics, lying-in clinics, diagnostic clinics,
medical and clinical laboratories
8. branch library and museum
9. steam/dry cleaning outlets
10. party needs and accessories

44
2.4 RESEARCH FOCUS

Use of Alternative Building Materials into creating a Sustainable and Future

Proof Architecture

Housing and improper waste management has been an ongoing problem

in the Philippines for a very long time. The government has had a long list of
unsuccessful housing problems mostly due to lack of funds and corruption. The
intentions of these projects were good but has never materialized completely
due to the greediness of politicians and government officials. Waste
management has also been hard to maintain as this problem has not been a focus
of the government up until now when the mistakes that have been made in the
past are harder to resolve. The research focuses on finding economic solutions
that will solve both problems at the same time.

The objective of this research is to find alternative building materials

that can help build a structure capable of withstanding natural calamities while
also reducing the construction costs of the project. The research also aims to
create a design that would be both user and environment-friendly, while
encouraging people to walk and ride bikes instead of using cars as means of
transportation.

With these solutions, the design aims to be sustainable and future proof,
not just in terms of structural integrity, but also with its planning which will be
designed to be fluid in the next years to come.

45
ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS

• Plastic Bricks
A type of brick made by Conceptos Plásticos, a company co-founded by Óscar
Andrés Méndez, an architect from Javeriana University in Bogotá. The bricks
are made using a process called extrusion, where any types of plastics are
gathered which is then melted and then formed into bricks. It is based on lego
blocks which gives it a simple structure to speed up its construction process. It
is easy to build by slotting each brick together.

Figure 14.0 Plastic Bricks by Conceptos Plásticos

Source: ba-bamail.com/content.aspx?emailid=21538

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 • Grasscrete
Grasscrete is a type of concrete pavement
that have open patterns which allows grass
and other plants to grow. This reduces the
overall consumption of concrete and also
acts as drainage as it absorbs stormwater.

Figure 15.0 Grasscrete

Source: grasscrete.com/docs/paving/grasscrete.html

• ETFE (Ethylene Tetrafluoroethylene)

A fluorine-based plastic designed to have a
high corrosion resistance and strength and
has a high melting point. This is used as a
replacement of grass in modern buildings as
it is lighter and has better insulation which
makes it a more flexible construction
material
Figure 16.0 Ethylene Tetrafluoroethylene
Source: architen.com/articles/etfe-the-new-fabric-roof/

• Green Walls
Green walls are simply walls that are
covered partially or completely with
vegetation. These walls can be used to act as
insulation for the building as well as adding
to its aesthetics and to also help the
environment.

Figure 17.0 Green Walls

Source: omrania.com/insights/green-walls-how-technology-
brings-nature-into-architecture/

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SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESEARCH FOCUS:

The research will help other researchers and designers to find and
discover alternative building materials that they can use to create
innovative and sustainable designs for their housing developments.

TO THE COMMUNITY:

The research will provide the community with better, cheaper, and a
more sustainable home that will shelter them for years to come. It will
also make their lives somewhat better as this will be a great upgrade
from their past homes and from other relocation sites that the
government would have provided them with.

TO THE PROJECT:

The research will help the project be more effective, thus serving its
intended purpose and how it is meant to be and setting the bar high up
by making this project an example for future housing developments.

OBJECTIVES OF THE RESEARCH FOCUS:

• The research aims to apply the alternative building materials to the design to
help it achieve sustainability and make it as future proof as it can.
• Encourage future housing developers to create a sustainable and environment-
friendly design
• Create a design solution that will solve the housing and waste problems that the
country is facing right now.

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ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK

EFFECTIVE
FLEXIBILITY INNOVATION GREEN DESIGN
PLANNING

STRUCTURAL
INTEGRITY

SUSTAINABILITY

FUTURE PROOF
ARCHITECTURE

RECOMMENDATION FOR APPLICATION

The different building materials should be used accordingly to make use of them
properly. The plastic bricks could be use as an alternative to interior walls or any walls
not bearing structural loads. The ETFE could be used to replace glass in windows as
this material is proven to be simply better, cheaper, and safer than glass. Grasscrete will
be used as pavements in walkways, driveways, and parking areas. This type of
pavement can help reduce the risk of having floods and water puddles in the area as the
water can easily pass through the concrete and go straight to the earth. Green walls can
be used with the building exterior, acting as an additional insulation system to the
building and add to the building’s aesthetics.

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