SAN LORENZO RUIZ SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

San Lorenzo Ruiz Senior high School

Kaalinsabay St. Mangggahan Pasig City

“SCARCITY IN INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS FOR HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL

SCIENCES STUDENTS OF SAN LORENZO RUIZ SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL”

A research paper submitted in partial fulfillment of

the requirements in Practical Research 1

Submitted to:
Mr. Noel G. Ferrer

By

Ignacio, Micah Ella

Cabana, Merijean
Dela Cruz, Wayne
Polancos, Dariel Ian

October, 2019

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CHAPTER I- INTRODUCTION

Introductory Paragraph 2

Statement of the Problem 3

Purpose of the study 4

Significance of the study 5

Research question and/or hypothesis 5

CHAPTER II- REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Literature Review 6

Definition of terms 9

Theoretical/ Conceptual Framework 9

CHAPTER III- METHODOLOGY

Restate purpose and research question

or null hypothesis 10

Population and sampling 11

Procedure and time frame 12

Validity and reliability 12

Assumptions 13

Scope and delimitations 13

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CHAPTER I- INTRODUCTION

Introductory paragraph

This Chapter includes the introductory paragraph and the statement of the problem, the purpose

and significance of the study and the research questions and hypothesis.

instructional materials is the general term used to describe the equipment’s used by the

teachers teach the lesson effectively. Mostly, teachers and students rely on these materials to

comprehend the lessons. Additionally, these materials, and the students to help them apply the

newly acquired knowledge.

This study is to identify how does the scarcity of instructional materials affect the academic

learning of the Humanities and Social Sciences students in San Lorenzo Ruiz High School.

Moreover, this study will determine the different problems encountered in using the instructional

materials of Senior High School Students.

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Statement of the problem

This study will determine the effect of scarcity in instructional Materials of Humanities and

Social Sciences students of San Lorenzo Ruiz Senior High School

This will answer the following questions:

Research questions

1.1.1 What are the challenges facing lack of instructional materials?

1.1.2 What are the disadvantages of scarcity instructional materials in a school?

1.1.3. How does students deal with problems facing lack of instructional materials?

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Purpose of the Study

Purpose of the study

The purpose of this study is to:

Determine whether the use of instructional materials has any influence in the teaching of

social studies in secondary school in San Lorenzo Ruiz Pasig Area.

Determine whether equipments and specimens such as books are more effective in the teaching

of studies in Senior High School.

Know the effect and importance of the materials on the performance of social studies in San

Lorenzo Ruiz High School.

Know if instructional materials help to increase student achievement by supporting student

learning.

Determine if resources can improve students knowledge, abilities, and skills to monitor their

assimilation of information, and to contribute to their overall development and upbringing.

Determine if those materials used by a teacher can simplify their teaching.

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know whether school equipments and facilities can be used to ease, encourage, improve, and

promote teaching and learning activities in San Lorenzo Ruiz Senior High School.

Significance of the Study

Studying this research will help the beneficiaries to have a good idea in order to supply the

scarcity of materials in San Lorenzo Ruiz Senior High School.

This research will help the student identify the effects of scarcity instructional materials and how

to overcome it. It will help the teachers think of an alternative way of teaching and do not just

base on the instructional materials.

RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1.1.1 How can instructional materials enhance learning?

1.1.2 What are the challenges facing lack of instructional materials?

1.1.3 What are the importance of instructional materials?

1.1.4 What are the disadvantages of scarcity instructional materials in a school?

1.1.5 How does students deal with problems facing lack of instructional materials?

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CHAPTER II- REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The students of Humanities and Social Sciences are facing problems in terms of learning with

the help of instructional materials. The materials given are not inclined to curriculum guide and

cannot help the students to further understand their lessons.

With this study, researchers are bound to determine how instructional materials help the students

in learning and prove that scarcity of these materials greatly affects their performance as a

learner.

RELATED LITERATURE

Montague, Wulfrek and Ellis (1983) highlighted that the best design does not compensate for the

lack of skills needed to develop quality instruction. An instruction is a set of events that facilitate

learning whilst design means a creative pattern or a rational, logical, sequential process intended

to solve problems. Thus, instructional design can be defined as “the systematic process of

translating principles of learning and instruction into plans for instructional materials and

activities”. However, there are many different definitions for instructional design and all of them

are an expression of underlying philosophies and viewpoints of what is involved in the learning

process (Siemens, 2002).

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According to Albion et al., instructional design can be defined as a process, a discipline, a

science, or reality as below: Rio SumarniShariffudin98

Instructional Design as a Process: ID is the systematic development of instructional

specifications using learning and instructional theory to ensure the quality of instruction. It is the

entire process of analysis of learning needs and goals and the development of a delivery system

to meet those needs. It includes development of instructional materials and activities and try-out

and evaluation of all instruction and learner activities.

Becker (1994, p. 141) in one of his studies found out a common characteristic among 516

exemplary teachers, who have been using computer based instructional materials with great

comfort. According to Barth (2004, p. 204), teacher growth correlates with pupil growth.

"Probably nothing within a school has more impact as students in terms of skills development

self-confidence, or classroom behavior than the personal and professional growth of their

teachers.(1995) noted that the availability of learning resources in schools are very important in

executing successfully programmed.

Onyejemez (1991) stresses that learning take place when learners are fully involved in the

process through the use of proper and variety of instructional materials in teaching.

According to Ibe (1998), an instructional material is an object or means of communication

process that stores and distributes human experience and knowledge, therefore the totality of the

information carrying devices.

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Dyson (2003) stresses the complex social nature of classrooms and the synergies that exist

among these three spheres in order to analyze literacy learning and use of computer as an

instructional material. As teacher use computer as an instructional material and children establish

their various relationships (e.g. son, daughter, student, and friend etc.) they learn to negotiate

membership within these different, yet intersecting, 23 social spheres. A key to negotiating

membership is student's ability to draw upon "diverse social resources".

Abolade (2009) emphasized that it is when original materials are not available for use in

teaching and learning that other types and forms of instructional can be applied.

upporting the notion of small, reusable chunks of instructional media, Reigeluth and Nelson

(1997) suggest that when teachers first gain access to instructional materials, they often break the

materials down into their constituent parts. They then reassemble these parts in ways that support

their individual instructional goals. This suggests one reason why reusable instructional

components, or learning objects, may provide instructional benefits. If instructors received

instructional resources as individual components, this initial step of decomposition could be

bypassed, potentially increasing the speed and efficiency of instructional development.

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DEFINITION OF TERMS

Scarcity- insufficiency
instructional materials- used by students to master the lectures

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

The researchers - The researchers did a - The

begin the study by: survey through researchers will

questionnaires. The find out the

• identifying the
researchers will provide importance and
insuffiency of school
questionnaires that is made sufficiency of
materials
to know how instructional instructional
• knowing the
material influence the materials to the
important
teachings of social studies of Humanities and
instructional
Humanities and Social Social Sciences
materials needed
Sciences students in San students of San

• materials and Lorenzo Ruiz Senior High Lorenzo Ruiz

equipments should School Senior High

be used to support School in their

-Gather informations
academic academic
-Analyze and interpreting
performances of performances
the data
social studies

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CHAPTER III- METHODOLOGY

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

The purpose of the study is to:

Determine whether the use of instructional materials has any influence in the teaching of social

studies in secondary schools in San Lorenzo Ruiz Pasig Area

Determine whether equipments and specimens such as books are more effective in the teaching

of studies in Senior High School

Know the effect and importance of the materials on the performance of social studies in San

Lorenzo Ruiz Senior High School

Know if instructional materials help to increase student achievement by supporting student

learning

Determine if resources can improve students' knowledge, abilities, and skills, to monitor their

assimilation of information, and to contribute to their overall development and upbringing.

Determine if those materials used by a teacher can simplify their teaching.

Know whether school equipments and facilities can be used to ease, encourage, improved and

promote teaching and learning activities in San Lorenzo Ruiz Senior High School.

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 SAN LORENZO RUIZ SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1.1.1 How can instructional materials enhance learning?

1.1.2 What are the challenges facing lack of instructional materials?

1.1.3 What are the importance of instructional materials?

1.1.4 What are the disadvantages of scarcity instructional materials in a school?

1.1.5 How does students deal with problems facing lack of instructional materials?

POPULATION AND SAMPLING

The study was conducted in San Lorenzo Ruiz Senior High School by the researchers. The

participants were taken from the 267 Humanities and Social Sciences students and from this

population, a subgroup composed of 30 students who were carefully picked by the researchers

using a purposive/judgmental sampling and agreed upon by the teachers were the respondents for

this study.

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PROCEDURE AND TIME FRAME

Researchers aim an accurate study so researchers used students of Humanities and Social

Sciences students in the school year of 2019-2020. Researchers asked permission from the

school head, down to the guidance counselor and subject teachers to conduct a survey using

questionnaire.

The participants who agreed to participate in the study have gone only survey through

questionnaire method. The researchers oriented the participants regarding the study before letting

them answer the questionnaire. The survey was conducted in their specific rooms per section and

was given only 5-10 minutes to answer the questionnaire.

Validity and Reliability

Upon doing survey through questionnaire method to several Humanities and Social Sciences

students regarding our research topic, answers such as having no enough books and books that

are not inclined to curriculum guide does really affect them in understanding their lessons and

greatly affects their academic performance has come consistently on the survey concluding that

the survey is reliable.

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The concept between scarcity of instructional materials and the students of Humanities and

Social Sciences students greatly affects its learning status, capability of understanding the

lessons and scarce instructional materials results to poor academic performance rendering that

our methods and results are valid.

ASSUMPTIONS

This study will assume that:

1. Humanities and Social Sciences students have difficulty understanding their lessons because

of the lack of instructional materials.

2. The academic performance of each student is affected by the lack of instructional materials.

SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

This study was conducted to determine the effect of scarcity in instructional materials in

Humanities and Social Sciences Students in San Lorenzo Ruiz Senior High School only and

therefore the findings will not apply to the other schools where this kind of problem exists.

This study includes in its' scope those instructional materials given to Humanities and Social

Sciences students studying in San Lorenzo Ruiz Senior High School, not the entire Pasig (i.e.

limitation by area covered)Me

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RESEARCHER’S PROFILE

Micah Ella T. Ignacio

Email: micahellatabudloignacio@gmail.com

Address: 744 Mansanas St. Napico Manggahan,

Pasig City

Merijean Cabana

Email: Majay@gmail.com

Address: KC14 St. Kaalinsabay St. Karangalan Village,

Mangggahan Pasig City

Wayne Dela Cruz

Email: weaponsecret4@gmail.com

Address: Blk 32 Lot 17 Kc15 St. Karangalan Village,

Manggahan Pasig City

Dariel Ian Polancos

Email: Polancosdariel@gmail.com

Address: Unit 309 Carnation Bldg. Kaayusan St.

Manggahan Pasig City