APPLIED ELECTROMAGNETISM

Third Edition

Liang Chi Shen

University of Houston

Jin Au Kong
Massachusetts Institute of Technology

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 CONTENTS

Notations, Symbols, and Units xiii

I COMPLEX VECTORS
1.1 Complex Algebra I
1.2 Complex Representation of Time-Harmonic Scalars
1.3 Real Vectors 7
1.4 Complex Vectors 14
1.5 Time Averages 17
Problems 19

2 MAXWELL'S EQUATIONS
2.1 Maxwell's Equations 23
2.2 Constitutive Relations 34
2.3 Maxwell's Equations for Time-Harmonic Fields
2.4 Lorentz Force Law 37
2.5 Poynting's Theorem 39
Problems 42

3 UNIFORM PLANE WAVES

3.1 Electromagnetic Sources 45
3.2 Uniform Plane Waves in Free Space 48
3.3 Polarization 56
3.4 Plane Waves in Dissipative Media 62
VI Contents

3.5 Radiation Power and Radiation Pressure 72

Problems 80

4 REFLECTION AND TRANSMISSION OF WAVES

4.1 Boundary Conditions 84
4.2 Reflection and Transmission at a Dielectric Interface 88
4.3 Standing Waves 103
Problems 112

5 WAVEGUIDES AND RESONATORS

5.1 Parallel-Plate Waveguides 119
5.2 Rectangular Waveguides and Resonators 128
5.3 Dielectric Slab Waveguides 138
5.4 Coaxial Lines 143
Problems 149

6 TRANSMISSION LINES
6.1 Concept of Voltage, Current, and Impedance 155
6.2 Transmission-Line Equations 161
6.3 Impedances 165
6.4 Generalized Reflection Coefficient and Smith Chart 168
6.5 Transients on Transmission Lines 187
Problems 206

7 ANTENNAS
7.1 Vector and Scalar Potential Functions 210
7.2 Fields of an Infinitesimal Antenna 212
7.3 Linear Antennas 224
7.4 Array Antennas 231
Problems 254
Contents VII

8 TOPICS I N WAVES 259

8.1 Rayleigh Scattering 259
8.2 Fourier Optics and Holography 265
8.3 Gaussian Beam 272
8.4 Doppler Effect 276
8.5 Plane Waves in Anisotropic Media 283
Problems 288

9 E L E C T R O S T A T I C FIELDS 291
9.1 Electrostatic Potential 291
9.2 Electrostatic Fields 297
9.3 Gauss' Law and Its Applications 304
9.4 Calculation of Potential from E Field—Line Integral 315
Problems 327

10 ELECTRIC FORCE A N D E N E R G Y 331

10.1 Electric Force 331
10.2 Work and Energy 345
10.3 Capacitance 359
Problems 375

I I SOLUTION TECHNIQUES 380

11.1 Poisson and Laplace Equations 380
11.2 Image Method 389
11.3 Method of Separation of Variables 407
Problems 418

12 D I R E C T C U R R E N T S 424
12.1 Ohm's Law 424
12.2 Analogy Between Direct Current and Electrostatic Field 429
Problems 440
viii Contents

13 M A G N E T O S T A T I C FIELDS 445
13.1 Magnetostatic Fields 445
13.2 Magnetic Force and Torque 462
13.3 Stored Magnetic Energy and Inductance 476
Problems 483

14 MAGNETIC MATERIALS AND MAGNETIC CIRCUITS 490

14.1 Magnetic Materials 490
14.2 Magnetic Circuits 509
Problems 516

15 E L E C T R O Q U A S I S T A T I C FIELDS 520
15.1 Quasistatic Approximation 520
15.2 Circuit Theory and Electroquasistatics 525
Problems 534

16 M A G N E T O Q U A S I S T A T I C FIELDS 537
16.1 Faraday's Law 537
16.2 Transformers, Generators, and Motors 556
Problems 580

APPENDICES 588
Appendix A Frequently Used Symbols 588
Appendix В Mathematical Symbols 591
Appendix С Prefixes 591
Appendix D Physical Constants 591

ANSWERS TO ODD-NUMBERED PROBLEMS 593

BIBLIOGRAPHY 597
INDEX 599