Drilling systems differ based on soil characteristics and may be divided into drilling methods

with a single rod, with a rod and casing, and jet grouting.
Single Rod Drilling Process
Used extensively in soil with fairly hard rocks. Before starting the drilling process, it is
necessary to apply the swivel head and an elastic drive gear to the rotary head.
Drilling Process with Rod and Casing
This method is use in layered soils, that is, those that have formed due to successive overlaying
on stable rock. This kind of soil, which is usually soft, after the insertion of the drilling tool
and its subsequent extraction tends to crumble on the sides and fall back into the hole. For this
reason, in these conditions the hole must be artificially supported by means of a casing tube.
The standard method of drilling with a casing consists of a system in which a rotary or rotary
percussion head simultaneously rotates and subjects both an external tube and an internal
drilling rod to percussion. A casing tube equipped with a drilling crown the lower end and
modular drilling rods as an internal rod are used. Both drilling systems are screwed onto a
suitable swivel head (equipped with a balancing rod for connection to the internal rod).
Jet Grouting
This is a method of consolidation which consists of injecting mixtures into the ground. In this
manner, along with breaking up the ground, the machine mixes the ground material with a
cement-based fluid until a column of material is formed which possesses geo-mechanical
characteristics which are improved with respect to the original ground. The standard method
presumes the use of a passing perforating head, equipped with a chuck to lock the rod.

MAINTENANCE
A- Occasional Maintenance

- Inspect wire ropes after shocks or incidents that may have caused damage and when
lifting ropes haven’t been used for a while.
- Refuel and clean fuel tank (clean filter, periodically drain to clear sludge and
condensate).
- Clean machine and the end of the work shift to clear out contaminating materials
such as debris, oil, cement, etc. Focus on specified elements.
- Check chuck operation at least every 20 hours, and whenever slippage is noticed.
Basically, check that when the chuck rotates, the rod is still locked.

B- Every 10 hours

- General inspection of the machine including hoses, fitting, seals, nuts and bolts,
drilling equipment, wear of chains, etc.
- Rope inspection for damages, wear, diameter decrease, loss of efficiency. Renew if
diameter is 10% less than original, completely broken strand, permanent
deformation.
 - Clean dry/oil bath air cleaner filter.
- Check oil level when engine is stopped, should be at upper mark of dipstick.
- Check coolant level.
- Check hydraulic oil level, should be visible at the top of the sight glass.
- Check error and warning indicator lights.
- Check chain for corrosion and correct tension.
C- Every 50 hours

- Inject grease in appropriate nipples.

- Check hoses to rotary head commands for appropriate tension.
- Clean and grease wire rope.
- Check crawler reduction gear oil level.
- Check winch reduction gear oil level.
- Change hydraulic oil filter (first run-in, E).
- Clean hydraulic oil heat exchanger.
- Adjust chain tension and trolley play.
- Clean and lubricate chain.
- Check head translation group, brake and reduction gear oil levels.
D- Every 100 hours

- Check and tighten nuts and bolts.

- Check battery for cleanliness (with focus on terminals), and electrolyte levels.

E- Every 250 hours

- Change crawler reduction gear oil (first run-in, F).

- Change winch reduction gear oil (first run-in, F).
- Check crawler track tension (straight edge, 20 mm maximum between straight-edge
and sagitta).
- Change hydraulic oil filter.
- Perform general inspection.
- Check head translation reduction gear oil level (first run-in).
F- Every 500 hours

- Change diesel engine oil and filter.

- Inspect crawler and clean cooling system.
- Clean fuel prefilter.
G- Every 1000 hours

- Change fuel filter and prefilter cartridges.

- Inspect and maintain accumulator.
- Change dry/oil bath air cleaner filter.
H- Every 2000 hours

- Change crawler reduction gear oil.

- Change winch reduction gear oil.
- Inspect crawler component wear.
- Change hydraulic oil.
- Change coolant.
- Change head translation group, brake and reduction gear oil.