Davit Gurgenidze

27/08/18

Assignment 1,draft 2

Causes of gender inequality

Rapid and fundamental changes are characteristic of our times. But

the issue of gender equality is still unresolved. Women in many

countries still are victims of gender inequality. Some people think

that at birth there is no difference between men and

women.However,researches show that there are important

differences in the way males and females think, speak and act.

Milada Broukal(2010),in his article "Males and Females:What's the

Difference?" asserts that difference are true across countries,

cultures, ages, and other factors. Broukal sopports her claim by

providing examples of physical and mental distinctions between the

two sexes.On the other hand,Graig Calhoun,Donald Light and

Suzana Keller(1994),in their article "Society and the Sexes" claim

that gender characteristic are not only a matter of biology, role of

society is too much big.They support their claim by providing

statistics, which shows roles of each sexes in some countries and by

illustrating researches of scholars.The authors of each text discuss

the issue of gender.While Broukal(2010) uses examples without

strong evidence to support her claim,Calhoun,Light and

Keller(1994) use concretical research and proven examples.

According to Broukal(2010),boys and girls have different

limitations in their abilities from birth."From the time they're

born,boys and girls differ in the way they function and the way

their brain works"(p.147). It's all in their heads--that is, their brain.

Theauthor points out and compares charasteristics of each gender.

She mentioned that whole boy babies are more interested in

objects, girl babies respond to the human voice more than boys do.

The next difference which the author singles out is difference in

how males and females communicate."Girls use language to get

closer to others,to make friends"."However,boys use language to

establish their position among others"(2010;p.148).The reason of

this is their own characteristics.While women use languege in

cooperative way,men always try to point out his domination among

surroundings.She intensifies her opinion by providing example

which is that difference between the sexes in communication

carries over into e-mail communication and internet postings in

chat rooms.The author uses a semi-formal tone for generally

educated people,who are interested in this topic.

Calhoun,Light and Keller(1994),claim that society has big impact

on each gender."If gender characteristics were simply a matter of

biology,then one would expect to find that gender roles do not vary

very much from one culture to another.But that is not the case.
(p.155). The role of each sex is determind by the structure and

needs of society. Nearly every culture gender roles are structured so

that skills and traits that are considered masculine are valued more

highky than those which considered feminine. At first men's

dominance over women was caused by males physical stronger--

biology difference. And then men accumulate more resources. For

example, they provide men's and women's employment statistic in

multi countries, like Russia and USA. They also introduce the

anthropologist Margaret Mead's(1901-1978) research, where she

studied three neighboring New Guinea tribes.

The topic of both articles is gender inequality in general,

consequently there are some essential similarities between the

authors' claims. Both authors agree that society impacts on each

gender--Milada Broukal(2010) partly shows this topic and the

authors of the second text illustrate it throughout the text. And both

articles have unusual begining.First text starts from asking the

questions, and the second one from grabbing attention by

conditional sentence.

Despite the similarities between the authors' claims, there are some

differences. For example,Broukal(2010) does not use examples and

specific facts,while Calhoun, Light and Keller(1994) illustrate

specific examples and researches,such as Margaret Mead's

research.The author of first article uses a semi-formal tone,while

the authors of the second article use formal tone.

In conclusion, these two articles do not resist each other.Milada

Broukal(2010) Illustrates difference between males and females

and dominance of men,but she does not rejects opinion, according

with what female can be dominant.On the other

hand,Calhoun,Light and Keller(1994) show that dominance

depends from social structure and culture and they agree that in

most countries males dominating over females.

References

Broukal,M.(2010)"Males and Females;What's the

Difference""Weaving It Together". Published by "Heinle Cengage

Learning" in the USA.

Calhoun,C. Light,D. Keller,S.(1994)."Society and the

Sexes"."weaving It Together".Published by "Heinle Cengage

Learning" in the USA.