“AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES” ● Water​ ​– chemical substance with the

chemical formula H2O.

People and Earth’s Ecosystems
● Agricultural machinery​ – machinery used
1​st​ Semester MF: 3:30 – 5:00 PM in the operation of an agricultural area or
farm.
Agricultural Resources – all the natural
● Fertilizers​ – any organic or inorganic
and manmade resources of agricultural
material of natural or synthetic origin (other
production, including the land, soil, water,
than liming materials) that is added to a soil
air, plant communities, watersheds, and
to supply one or more plant nutrients
natural and physical attributes that together
essential to the growth of plants.
comprise and support agriculture.
5 BRANCHES OF AGRICULTURE
- ​generally not located in the vicinity of
● Agronomy - ​deals with soil
heavy industrial or commercially developed
management and the growing of crops.
areas.
● Horticulture - ​deals with the cultivation
of fruits, vegetables, and ornamental
2 TYPES OF RESOURCES
crops.
● Agricultural Engineering - ​involves
A.) ​Renewable – resources that are
knowledge of farm machines and
replaced as quickly as they are used.
equipment. It also deals with developing
B.) ​Nonrenewable – resources that are
new systems and practices to address
limited in supply because they are used
problems facing agriculture.
faster than can be replaced.
● Agricultural Economics - ​deals with
the business end of farming.
COMPONENTS OF AGRICULTURAL
● Animal Science - ​basically the breeding
RESOURCES
and caring of animal for specific
● Agricultural land​ – denotes the land purposes, such as for their meat, milk
suitable for agricultural production, both and/or fur.
crops and livestock. It is one of the main
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE
resources in agriculture.
PRESERVATION OF SPECIES AND THE
● Labor (economics)​ – measure of the work
done by human beings.
MAINTENANCE OF ECOSYSTEM and urbanize areas. This is detrimental, as it
FUNCTION displaces residing species, reducing
available habitats and food sources.
A.) Human Population Growth
- the increase in the number of ● Resource exploitation​: Humans constantly
individuals in a ​population. Global consume resources for their own needs.
human population growth amounts ● Pollution​: Pollution can occur from the
to around 83 million annually, or runoff or disposal of chemical substances,
1.1% per year. The global or from energy sources (noise and light
population has grown from 1 billion pollution).
in 1800 to 7.616 billion​ ​in 2018. ● Introduced species​: Humans may
intentionally or unintentionally introduce a
Philippines:
non-native species into an ecosystem. This
● PH population: 108, 570, 947 (as of can negatively affect an ecosystem because
Wednesday, October 23, 2019 based on the introduced species may outcompete
Worldometers elaboration of the United native organisms and displace them.
Nations data).
● PH population is equivalent to 1.4% of B.) Human History
the total world population. ● Industrialization - the process by which
● PH ranks 13​th in the list of countries by an economy is transformed from
population. primarily agricultural to one based on
● 13.5 million of the economically poor are the manufacturing of goods.
unable to eat thrice a day. ● Individual manual labor is often replaced
● 2.7 million experience involuntary by mechanized mass production, and
hunger. craftsmen are replaced by assembly
● PH wastes up to 380 000 tons of rice lines.
every year. Philippines:
● In Metro Manila, 2175 tons of food end ● One  of  the  most  pressing  concerns  of 
up in trash bins. the  agricultural  sector  is  the  rampant 
conversion of agricultural land into:
Effects:
-golf courses 

Land-use change​: Humans may destroy -residential subdivisions 

natural landscapes as they mine resources -industrial parks or resorts.  

● In  1993,  the  nation  was  losing  irrigated  ● The global community acknowledge the
rice  lands  at  a  rate  of  2,300  hectares  Philippines’ frontrunner position in the
per year.  agriculture industry.
● Farmer’s  continued  reliance  on  ● PH has a number of departments and
chemical-based  fertilizers  or  pesticides  sectors concerning agriculture.
that  have  destroyed  soil  productivity 
Department of Agriculture (DA) - ​is the
over time.
executive department of the Philippine
Effects: government responsible for the promotion of
• Shifting of habitats agricultural and fisheries development and
• habitat destruction growth.
• More waste products
International Rice Research Institute
• High technological inventions
(IRRI) - ​The International Rice Research
• Human resource depletion
Institute (IRRI) is the world’s premier
• Introduction to processed food
research organization dedicated to reducing
poverty and hunger through rice science;
C.) Resource Management
improving the health and welfare of rice
- the process by which
farmers and consumers; and protecting the
businesses manage their various
rice-growing environment for future
resources effectively.
generations.
● These resources can be intangible –
National Food Authority (NFA) - ​an
people and time – and tangible –
agency of the Philippine government under
equipment, materials, and finances. It
the Department of Agriculture responsible
involves planning so that the
for ensuring the food security of the
right resources are assigned to the right
Philippines and the stability of supply and
tasks.
price of rice, the Philippines' staple grain.
Philippines:
Department of Agrarian Reform -​ the
● The agriculture sector aims for food executive department of the Philippine
security, sustainability of natural Government responsible for the
resources base, social equity and global redistribution of agrarian land in the
competitiveness. Philippines.
National Irrigation Administration (NIA) -
a government-owned and controlled
PHILIPPINE AGRICULTURAL
corporation primarily responsible
RESOURCES
for ​irrigation​ development and
management. ● Philippines is an agricultural country with
a land area of 30 million hectares, 47%
of which is agricultural land.
Effects: ● Prime agricultural lands are located
around the main urban and high
● Resource/environment/specie protection
population density areas.
● sustainability
● Coconut accounted for the biggest
● Prevention of over-consumption
average harvest area of 4.25 million
● Biodiversity conservation
hectares.
D.) Political Relationships ● Sugarcane: 673 000 hectares
● Industrial crops: 591 000 hectares
- social relations involving intrigue to gain
● Fruits: 148 000 hectares
authority or powers.
● Vegetables & root crops: 270 000

Philippines: hectares

The  Philippines  exports  its  agricultural  Philippines Agricultural Subsectors

products  around  the  world,  including  the 

● Farming
United  States,  Japan,  Europe,  and​ ​ASEAN
● Fisheries
countries  (members  of  the  Association  of 
● Livestock
Southeast Asian Nations).
● Forestry

Effects:
Altogether, all of the subsectors

● Partnership/political ties with other employ 39.8% of the labor force and

countries contribute 20 percent of GDP.

● Aid during calamities

Main Agricultural Crops
● Aid for fund
● Global environmental programs
● Global wildlife programs
Rice, corn, coconut, sugarcane, bananas,
pineapple, coffee, mangoes, tobacco, and
abaca

Secondary Agricultural Crops

Peanut, cassava, camote, garlic, onion,

cabbage, eggplant, calamansi, rubber, and
cotton.