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Topics to be Addressed
Types of Steel Structures
Introductory concepts
Design Strength
Net Area at Connection
Shear Lag Phenomenon
ASD and LRFD Design of Tension
Members
Design Examples
CE-409: Lecture 06 Prof. Dr Akhtar Naeem Khan 2
Types of steel structures
Gusset plate
b Section b-b
b
7/8 in. diameter hole
a a
Section a-a
8 x ½ in. bar
a a
Section a-a
8 x ½ in. bar
1. Excessive deformation
• Yielding at the gross area
2. Fracture
• Fracture at the net area
Gusset plate
b Sectio
b
7/8 in. diameter hole
a a
Sectio
8 x ½ in. bar
Gusset plate
b Sec
b
7/8 in. diameter hole
a a
Se
8 x ½ in. bar
CE-409: Lecture 06 Prof. Dr Akhtar Naeem Khan 18
Design strength
Yielding of the gross section will occur when
the stress f reaches Fy
P
f = = Fy
Ag
• AISC/LRFD
Design strength for yielding on gross area
øtPn =øt Fy Ag = 0.9 Fy Ag
Design strength for fracture of net section
øtPn = øtFu Ae = 0.75 Fu Ae
• For all other shapes with at least three fasteners per line ,
U= 0.85
Gusset plate
b b
7/8 in. diameter bolt
a a
5 x ½ in. bar
A572 Gr. 50
(b)
Shear failure
(c)
Tension failure
AISC/LRFD
Design Alternative 2