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To study the factors considered by the investors and those which ultimately
influence him while investing.
Primary data delivers more specific results than secondary research, which is
an especially important consideration when one launching a new product or service. In
addition, primary research is usually based on statistical methodologies. The tiny
sample can give an accurate representation of a particular market.
Secondary data is based on information gleaned from studies previously
performed by government agencies, chambers of commerce, trade associations and
other organizations. This includes census bureau information. Much kind of this
information can be found in libraries or on the web, but looks and business
publications, as well as magazines and newspapers.
Geographic Scope: The sample used for the study has been taken from the investors of
the twin cities Hyderabad and Secunderabad.
Frame work: Sampling frame (i.e the list of population members) from which the
sample units are selected was incomplete as it takes into consideration only those
(target investors) who have made their investments during March and April 2006.
Although adequate care was taken to elicit the accurate information from the
respondents, some of them have felt difficulty in crystallizing their feelings into
words. Apart from the problem faced in articulating, it is the validity of the feedback
can be speculated.
Despite the above limitations the study is useful in that it does point out the trends and
helps to identify the dimensions for improving the scope of mutual funds.
CHOOSING FUNDS
When it comes down to it, the decision to invest in a mutual fund is one you have to
make on your own. When you try to choose an investment, however, it is a good idea
to seek the guidance of a financial advisor who will review its objective to make sure
it supports your financial goal.
As an investor, your goals are unique, and a financial advisor can help match you with
the best funds. Remember, however, when you are choosing funds, to consider how
much risk you are comfortable with and when you'll need the money. If you have the
time to weather the market's ups and downs, you may want to consider equity
investments.
Before you select a mutual fund, it is essential to read the prospectus carefully to learn
all you can about the fund's performance, investment goals, risks, charges and
expenses.
Before looking at the mutual funds available to you, it may be best to decide the mix
of stock, bond, and money market funds you prefer. Some experts believe this is the
most important decision in investing. Here are some general points to keep in mind
when deciding what your investment strategy should be.
Diversify. It is a good idea to spread your investment among mutual funds that invest
in different types of securities. Stocks, bonds, and money market securities work
differently. Each offers different advantages and disadvantages. You may also want to
diversify within the same class of securities. Diversifying can keep you from putting
all your eggs in one basket and therefore, may increase your returns over along period
of time.
Consider the effects of inflation. Since the money you set aside today may be
intended to be used several years down the road, you need to look at inflation.
Inflation measures the increase of general prices over time.
Conservative investments like money market funds often may be popular because they
are managed to keep a steady value. But their return after accounting for the inflation
rate can be very low, perhaps even negative.
For example, a 4% inflation rate over a period of many years could erase a money
market fund's 3% yield over the same period of time. So even though such an
investment may give some safety of principal, it may not be able to grow enough in
value over the years or even keep up with the rate of inflation.
Patience is a virtue. It's no secret—the prices of common stocks can change quite a
bit from day to day. Therefore, the part of your account invested in stock funds would
likely fluctuate in value much the same way.
If you don't need your money right away (for at least 5 years), you probably don't need
to panic if the stock market declines or you find that your quarterly statement shows
the value of your investment has fallen. In the past, the stock market has regained lost
value over time. Although you are not assured it will do so in the future, try to be
patient and allow your stock funds time to recover.
Remember the saying, "buy low, and sell high." Switching out of a stock mutual fund
when prices are low is usually not the way to make the most of your investment. Of
course, if a fund continues to under-perform over time as well as your other fund
choices, you may want to consider changing funds.
Look at your age. Younger investors may be more at ease with stock funds, because
they have time to wait out the short-term ups and downs of stock prices. By investing
in a stock fund, they might be able to receive high returns over the long-term.
On the other hand, people who are closer to retirement may be more interested in
protecting their money from possible drops in prices, since they'll need to use it soon.
In this case, it may be wise to place a greater percentage of money in bond and/ or
money market funds, which may not have such large changes in value.
How can you determine an investment mix appropriate for your age? One way is
to subtract your age from 100. The answer you come up with may be a good number
to start with in deciding what portion of your total investments to put into stock
mutual funds.
READ FUND DOCUMENTS
Your primary source of data concerning the mutual fund will be the prospectus. It is a
legal document illustrating the rules and regulations that a mutual fund must follow
and contains information on the fund's goal and strategy, risks, performance, financial
highlights fees and expenses, and a wide variety of information that you should know
before investing.
For the customized needs of the project, primary data was collected through a survey
in different cities . A Random sample of 20 investors were surveyed. They were all
asked to answer a questionnaire true to their knowledge. The feedback obtained from
the customer was instrumental, gauging the perception of the investors towards mutual
funds. It also throws light on the factors, which influence them to make decisions
while investing. Further the interaction with few of the investors goes a long way in
understanding the inlaid reasons for their decisions.
SECONDARY DATA:
The main sources of secondary data are the web sites of various mutual fund houses
like cholamandalam mutual fund, Franklintempletonindia, ICICI, BIRLA SUNLIFE,
KOTAK and more such houses. Many references were collected from different
libraries to gain an insight on mutual funds. Previous studies conducted in this field
provided valuable help. In addition to the above sources, Working with different
associates and interaction with their personnel provided a pragmatic edge to my
theoretical concepts.
Survey Details
WHILE INVESTING
Every investor considers several factors while investing in any of the products as it
deals with the most important need of life “money”.
12% 26%
Safety & security Tax exemption
Liquidity Profitability
Return pattern
SAMPLE SIZE 20
The above graph shows that 31% people consider safety & security as the main factor
while investing, 26% goes for Tax exemption, 17% considered return pattern in the
investment, 14% went with profitability and 12% showed interest in liquidity.
In a developing country like India most of the people fall in the lower middle class
and middle class sectors. The attitude of the investors is of primary concern. As more
and more options that warrant high returns are available in the market, investor tends
to be more skeptical. So, while investing in any avenue, their first priority is safety
and security. Even the age of the investor plays a major role in the decision-making.
For example, if the investor is in the age of 50 and above, he usually looks for low or
no risks while investing. Therefore, 31% of investors surveyed preferred safety &
security.
Besides investors going for Safety & security, there are investors who opt for
return on investments they made. They are mainly in the age group of 23 and 35.
Because these investors are likely to think that, at this age they are mentally more
stable and feel that they can cope with financial risks. Any profits made would further
bolster their financial stability. And so, 17% went with return pattern of their
investment. In the same way, 14% of the investors look for profitability, especially
those who are already doing business, i.e. those who are already accustomed to taking
risks.Out of the total, 12% of investors preferred liquidity. The main reason for this
could be that, that making the invested money liquefied as and when required is
important, and this is not possible if the investments are made in any insurance, Bank
deposits, etc.
Though there are numerous factors that can be attributed to an investor’s psyche,
by large, we can conclude that maximum number of investors is investing in those
sectors where there is safety & security for their principal. The other factors antecede
safety.
INVESTMENT PATTERN:
Investment pattern
7% 5% 4%
2%
9% 42%
31%
From the above graph, it is clear that 42% opted for an investment in bank deposits,
31% for insurance, 7% for shares, 9% for mutual fund, 2% for bonds, 5% for equity
and remaining 4% have invested in some other investments such as real estates etc.
The investment pattern of an investor is also very important because this shows the
avenues where the people are really interested. Here, 42% have invested in bank
deposits as it is very safe and risk free. Out of the sample of 100,it is observed that
those who opted for an investment in banks in the form of deposits are found to be in
the age group of 40 and above and are in government services.
The next preference, as observed in the pie chart for investment pattern is
“Insurance”. People generally opt for life insurance because it promotes a sense of
safety & security for the dependents on the person and even his belongings. So, the
next priority is insurance. 7% of the investors went for an investment in shares as it
brings quick returns, although shares are prone to high risks.
13%
87%
In the above pie chart, we can observe that nearly 90% of investors are aware of
mutual funds and only 13% people are not aware of it. This shows that most of the
investors know about mutual funds in one or the other way.
Of the sample surveyed, almost all of the people are aware of mutual funds. They are
aware of the term “mutual fund”. Though the questionnaire cannot identify the extent
of the awareness. Through the interaction it is found that they are not actually aware
of the advantages in investing mutual funds, various types of mutual funds and
different schemes offered in it. It is found that People often have an inhibition that
investments in mutual funds can be done only by those who have surplus amount of
money with them and want to avail tax redemption.
Mutual funds are medium risk investments. Though Investing in mutual fund doesn’t
assure a fixed amount of returns, nevertheless, they are not low. The awareness about
mutual funds is the primary criterion.
Mutual fund investments
19%
6%
75%
Sample size 20
From the graph, it is clear that only 16 out of 100 invested in mutual funds. From
those 16, 12 have invested in Equity funds, 3 in liquid funds and the remaining 1 in
debt funds.
Only 16 out of 100 invested in mutual funds this can be mainly attributed to the low
level of awareness, various inhibitions and a not so clear idea about the mutual funds.
It is very important to have a clear perception of mutual funds, how they work and
how the money is invested in different portfolios according to the investors’ choice.
Investors who opted for equity funds are 12 of 16 percent. Equity funds being the
majority preference can be reasoned as they want their investments to be put in
various sectors i.e. DIVERSIFIED FUNDS so that they can make profits out of it
easily. Even some went for INDEX FUNDS as the investments are made in Bench
Nark Index Stock like BSE, NSE.
A few (3%of 16%) investors made investments in liquid funds as they want a
Short term investments where the investor need not wait for much time for the return.
These are also called as Money Markets for short term.
Only a single investor went for debt funds where investments are in various debt
products like Certificate of Deposits (CD’s), Commercial papers and call money as
the investor want a secured investment, which he can avail in Debt Funds.
FINDINGS
Many of the investors are aware of mutual funds but most of their perception
towards them is not positive.
Investors are mainly concerned with the risk factors of mutual funds and are
not directing towards them.
The investors who have invested in mutual funds mainly go for it because of
the Liquidity matter and Tax exemption.
Most of the people don’t know the advantages of mutual funds and the various
types of mutual funds.
There are nearly 1173 schemes of mutual funds offered by various mutual fund
houses, which an ordinary person is not aware.
A common investor basically looks for the Tax exemption and Safety &
security while investing.
Investors often feel that those people, who have surplus amount with them and
invest to avail Tax exemption, can do investing in mutual funds.
SUMMARY
CONCLUSION
Mutual funds are still and would continue to be the unique financial tool in the
country. One has to appreciate the fact that every aspect of life as its periods of high
and lows. This has been the case with the stock markets. Why not apply the same
logic to mutual funds? Mutual funds have not failed in any country where they worked
with regulatory frame work. Their future is bright. The poor performance of many
mutual funds schemes may be mostly attributed to the quality of personal involved
and their matter of fund management.
SUGGESTIONS
The key for mutual fund investors is to define and recognize the value of
professional financial services, and then insist on getting that value. When you pay
a sales charge or a fee, what can you expect a professional to do for you? Your
advisor should at least:
Understand investor needs and help him formulate long-term investment goals and
objectives.
Before making specific recommendations, advisor should try to gain a whole
picture of investors past experience, lifestyle and goals, as well as his other
investments and current financial situation. When the investor planning to retire,
for example? Does the investor have life insurance? Does he own real estate? How
secured is his job?
Help the investor develop realistic expectations by discussing the risks and
rewards of each investment. Every investment choice has its strengths and
weaknesses, and investor should never feel less than fully informed. When
investor ask questions, or have doubts.
Investor should expect your financial advisor to answer honestly, and help him
develop a strategy that is both realistic and comfortable for him.
Match investor’s goals and objectives with appropriate mutual funds. Investor
should expect your advisor to make clear and specific recommendations, and
explain the reasons behind them in terms he can understand. Of course, the advisor
should be confident and well informed about the management and portfolio
strategies of any mutual funds recommended.
Continually monitor investor portfolio and help you interpret performance.
Your advisor cannot influence or predict a fund's results. However, he or she
should discuss results with you and help you judge your progress. You should
feel that you can always ask your advisor, "How am I doing?"
Conduct regular reviews to ensure that your strategy continues to provide an
optimal results for you.
One of the most valuable services your advisor can provide is to help you "stay on
course" with your investment program. But "staying on course" long term does not
necessarily mean staying put. Expect your financial advisor to work with you to
adjust your portfolio in response to any significant change in your lifestyle,
priorities, assets or responsibilities.
These are the basic services that investors should expect from their financial
advisors. Beyond the basics, many investors could use even more specialized
assistance, like advice on retirement plan distribution options, setting up and
servicing retirement plans for small businesses and self-employed individuals,
developing tax-advantaged strategies for children's college education, insurance,
estate, and trust planning; and year-end mutual fund tax advice.
INVESTOR’S PERCEPTION TOWARDS MUTUAL FUNDS
PERSONAL INFORMATION
A) Name:
B) Type of Business:
C) Address:
D) Telephone: Mobile:
E) Fax: Email:
F) Annual Income:
1. What kind of investments you prefer most? Pl tick (√). All applicable
[] Shares [] Equity [] Mutual Fund [] Insurance
[] Bank Deposit [] Bonds
[] Others Specify---------------------------------
2.Why do you prefer the above option?
[] Return Pattern [] Tax Exemption
[] Liquidity [] Safety & Security
[] Profitability [] Guaranteed Return
[] Others Specify-----------------------------------
3.How long would you like to invest?
[] Short term (below 1yr) [] Medium term (up to 2yrs)
[] Long term (above 3yrs)
5.If yes, what are the advertisement have you seen for?
[] Birla sunlife mutual funds [] Reliance mutual fund
[] Chola mutual funds [] Standard charted mutual funds
[] Franklin Templeton mutual fund [] Sundaram mutual fund
[] HDFC mutual fund [] UTI mutual fund
[] ING VYSA mutual fund [] Any other specify--------------------
[] Prudential ICICI mutual fund
6. Mention the names of mutual funds you have invested?
---------------------------------------------------------------------
7. In which scheme of mutual funds have you invested?
[] Debt [] Equity
[] Liquidity [] Mixed (Debt & Equity)
[] Others specify---------------------------
8. Which factors you consider the most while, investing in mutual funds?
[] Return patterns [] Performance
[] Services [] Risk factors
[] Quality of portfolio [] Professional management
[] Wealth creation
9. Which period of dividend income you prefer the most?
[] Monthly [] Quarterly
[] Half yearly [] Annual
10. How often you need reminders (recall) about mutual fund?
[] Monthly [] Quarterly
[] Half yearly [] Annual
11. If you need so, which mode you would prefer?
[] Account statements [] Remainder letters
[] Television & Internet [] News papers & Magazines
12. When you invest in Mutual Funds which mode of investment will you prefer?
[] One Time Investment Plam
[] Systematic Investment Plan
13. As investors please specify your needs, expectations and recommendations to
Develop the mutual funds…….
Name: Pawan Singh
Occupation: Deployment engineer
Email Id: psingh@hpe.com
Mobile Number: 9889505696
What kind of investments you prefer most? Pl tick . All Saving account;Mutual Fund
applicable
Why do you prefer the above option? Profitability
How long would you like to invest? Medium term (up to 2yrs)
Have you seen any advertisements for Mutual Funds? Yes
If yes, what are the advertisement have you seen for? Prudential ICICI mutual fund
Mention the names of mutual funds you have invested? Equity mutual fund scheme
In which scheme of mutual funds have you invested? Equity
Which factors you consider the most while, investing in Return patterns
mutual funds?
Which period of dividend income you prefer the most? Monthly
How often you need reminders (recall) about mutual fund? Monthly
If you need so, which mode you would prefer? Account statements
When you invest in Mutual Funds which mode of Systematic Investment Plan (SIP)
investment will you prefer?
As investors please specify your needs, expectations and Return interest should be high and
recommendations to Develop the mutual funds. profitable
Name: Kartikeya
Occupation: Student
Email Id: Kartikeya1008@gmail.com
Mobile Number: 7986491469
What kind of investments you prefer most? Pl tick . All
applicable Fixed Deposit
Why do you prefer the above option? Safety & Security
How long would you like to invest? Long term (above 3yrs)
Have you seen any advertisements for Mutual Funds? Yes
If yes, what are the advertisement have you seen for? Birla sunlife mutual funds
Mention the names of mutual funds you have invested? Balance fund
In which scheme of mutual funds have you invested? Mixed (Debt & Equity)
Which factors you consider the most while, investing in
mutual funds? Return patterns
Which period of dividend income you prefer the most? Monthly
How often you need reminders (recall) about mutual fund? Monthly
If you need so, which mode you would prefer? Account statements
When you invest in Mutual Funds which mode of
investment will you prefer? Systematic Investment Plan (SIP)
As investors please specify your needs, expectations and
recommendations to Develop the mutual funds. Return should be more
Name: Vanshika
Occupation: Data Analyst
Email Id: Vanshikaahlawat1129@gmail.com
Mobile Number: 8195093939
What kind of investments you prefer most? Pl tick . All
applicable Saving account
Why do you prefer the above option? Return Pattern
How long would you like to invest? Long term (above 3yrs)
Have you seen any advertisements for Mutual Funds? No
If yes, what are the advertisement have you seen for? UTI mutual fund
Mention the names of mutual funds you have invested? Balance fund
In which scheme of mutual funds have you invested? Equity
Which factors you consider the most while, investing in
mutual funds? Performance
Which period of dividend income you prefer the most? Quarterly
How often you need reminders (recall) about mutual fund? Annual
If you need so, which mode you would prefer? Television & Internet
When you invest in Mutual Funds which mode of
investment will you prefer? Systematic Investment Plan (SIP)
As investors please specify your needs, expectations and
recommendations to Develop the mutual funds. Return should be more
Name: Rajendra
Occupation: Student
Email Id: rkchoudhary0639@gmail.com
Mobile Number: 8740921226
What kind of investments you prefer most? Pl tick . All
applicable Shares
Why do you prefer the above option? Safety & Security
How long would you like to invest? Medium term (up to 2yrs)
Have you seen any advertisements for Mutual Funds? Yes
If yes, what are the advertisement have you seen for? HDFC mutual fund;SBI mutual fund
Mention the names of mutual funds you have invested? Sbi mutual funds
In which scheme of mutual funds have you invested? Mixed (Debt & Equity)
Which factors you consider the most while, investing in
mutual funds? Performance
Which period of dividend income you prefer the most? Monthly
How often you need reminders (recall) about mutual fund? Quarterly
If you need so, which mode you would prefer? Account statements
When you invest in Mutual Funds which mode of
investment will you prefer? Systematic Investment Plan (SIP)
As investors please specify your needs, expectations and
recommendations to Develop the mutual funds.