STABILITY NOTES:- BULK GRAIN CARGOES

References:

 SOLAS chapter 6 - carriage of grain;

Part A - general provisions
Part B - calculation of assumed heeling moments
Part C - grain fittings and securing

 INTERNATIONAL CODE FOR THE SAFE CARRIAGE OF GRAIN IN BULK

Part A - specific requirements
Part B - calculation of assumed heeling moments and general
assumptions

 MGN 107 MERCHANT SHIPPING (CARRIAGE OF CARGO) REGULATIONS 1999

 SI 336 1999 MERCHANT SHIPPING (CARRIAGE OF CARGO) REGULATIONS 1999

Documentation required:

 Document of authorization (Ship not having document of authorization may still load
grain on complying with part A-9 of International Grain Code)
 Grain loading manual - information in printed form to show ships stability complies with
regulations on all stages of voyage

Stability requirements:

 Angle of heel due to shift of grain must be less than 12˚ or, if constructed before
01/01/94, the angle of deck edge immersion, whichever is least.
 On statical stability curve (gz curve) the residual area between the heeling arm curve
and the righting arm curve, up to the angle of of heel of maximum difference between
the two curves, or 40˚, or the angle of flooding, whichever is least, shall in all
conditions of loading be not less than 0.075 metre radians
 The initial metacentric height after correction for free surface effects of liquids in tanks
shall be not less than 0.30m
 Before loading bulk grain, master shall if so required, demonstrate the ability of the
ship at all stages of voyage to comply with the stability criteria
 Vessel to be upright on sailing

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 STABILITY NOTES:- BULK GRAIN CARGOES
 The righting arm curve is derived from cross curves, which are sufficient in number to
accurately define the curve for the purpose of these requirements and shall include
cross curves at 12˚ and 40˚

 Grain is assumed to shift to 15˚ to horizontal for a filled compartment and 25˚ for a
part filled compartment

 Actual volumetric heeling moment = Total volumetric heeling moment (m4)

Stowage factor (m3)

 λ0 = Actual volumetric heeling moment

stowage factor x displacement

 λ40 = 0.8 x λ0

 Stowage factor = volume per unit weight of cargo

 Displacement = weight of ship, fuel, fresh water, stores etc. and cargo

 For demonstrating compliance it is assumed that the kg of the grain cargo is at the
volumetric centre of the whole cargo space. This means the vertical shift of G does not
need to be taken into account.

 If using the kg of the actual grain, then to compensate for underdeck voids in a full and
trimmed compartment the total heeling moment = 1.06 x calculated transverse heeling
moment.

 If using the kg of the actual grain, then to compensate for underdeck voids in a partly
filled compartments the total heeling moment = 1.12 x calculated transverse heeling
moment

 The weight of cargo is volume of space divided by the stowage factor.

 Approximate angle of list = 12˚ x Actual grain heeling moment

Maximum permissible heeling moment

Steps in calculations:

 Take total volumetric (horizontal) heeling moments out of hydrostatic details. If kg of

grain is to be used instead of centre of cargo hold/space, then adjust for full/partly full
compartment by multiplying by 1.06/1.12
 Divide total volumetric heeling moments by stowage factor to obtain actual heeling
moment
 Work out vessels KG and check actual heeling moment against maximum permissible
heeling moment
 Work out approximate angle of list which must be <12˚
 Draw GZ curve with straight line between λ0 and λ40. Use Simpsons rules to find area
of residual dynamical stability up to angle of maximum difference, or 40˚, or angle of
progressive flooding, whichever is least, which must be not less than 0.075 metre
radians.
 From GZ curve initial GM to be not less than 0.30m
 If working out heeling moments from a given weight of grain shifting;
Horizontal heeling lever for a given angle of heel = GGh cos θ
Vertical heeling lever for a given angle of heel = GGv sin θ
Both values are subtracted from the GZ to give a line of heeling levers which is plotted
in the same way as λ0 to λ40, and the stability criteria worked out to see if vessel
complies.

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