4.

Appendices
4.1 Graphs, Figures and Tables

Fig 1. Force table with attached pulleys Fig 2. Different mass weights to be used

Fig 3. Conducting the experiment

Data and Observations

Actual Values TRIAL 1 TRIAL 2

𝐹1 70 g 85 g
𝐹2 55 g 65 g
𝐹3 60 g 65 g
𝐹4 75 g 85 g
𝜃1 81.50 910
𝜃2 1800 1900
𝜃4 243.50 2530
𝜃5 347.50 3580
TRIAL 1

Polygon Method

Scale: 10g = 1cm

TRIAL 2

Polygon Method

scale: 10g = 1cm

4.2 Sample Computations

TRIAL 1

Component Method

⃗⃗⃗
𝐹1 = 70 g, 81. 50
15.5350
𝜃 = tan−1 |( )|
⃗⃗⃗
𝐹2 = 55 g, 1800 −71.4252

⃗⃗⃗ = −12. 27080

𝐹3 = 60 g, 243. 50
because ‘x’ is negative and ‘y’ is positive, we
⃗⃗⃗
𝐹4 = 75 g, 347. 50 added 1800 so that the angle will be on second
R = 75 g, 167.50 quadrant.

x y 𝜃 = −12. 27080 + 1800 = 167.72920

⃗⃗⃗
𝐹1 70 cos 81. 50 70 sin 81. 50 𝑅 = √(−71.4252)2 + (15.5350)2

⃗⃗⃗
𝐹2 55 cos 1800 55 sin 1800 = 73.0951 g

⃗⃗⃗
𝐹3 60 cos 243. 50 60 sin 243. 50 𝑅 = 73.0951 𝑔, 167.72920

⃗⃗⃗
𝐹𝑥 = −71.4252 ⃗⃗⃗
𝐹𝑦 = 15.5350

TRIAL 2

Component Method

⃗⃗⃗
𝐹1 = 85 g, 910
11.5401
𝜃 = tan−1 |( )|
⃗⃗⃗
𝐹2 = 65 g, 190 0 −84.5001

⃗⃗⃗ = −7. 77670

𝐹3 = 65 g, 2530
because ‘x’ is negative and ‘y’ is positive, we
⃗⃗⃗
𝐹4 = 85 g, 3580 added 1800 so that the angle will be on second
R = 85 g, 1780 quadrant.

x y 𝜃 = −7. 77670 + 1800 = 172.2240

⃗⃗⃗
𝐹1 85 cos 910 85 sin 910 𝑅 = √(−84.5001)2 + (11.5401)2

⃗⃗⃗
𝐹2 65 cos 1900 65 sin 1900 = 85.2845 g

⃗⃗⃗
𝐹3 65 cos 2530 65 sin 2530 𝑅 = 85.2845 𝑔, 172.2240

⃗⃗⃗
𝐹𝑥 = −84.5001 ⃗⃗⃗
𝐹𝑦 = 11.5401
4.3 Calculations and Analysis of Error

Component Method

TRIAL 1 TRIAL 2

% Error % Error

75 − 73.0951 85 − 85.2845
𝑅= | | × 100% 𝑅= | | × 100%
75 85

𝑅 = 2.5399% 𝑅 = 0.2924%

167.5 − 167.7292 178 − 172.224

𝜃= | | × 100% 𝜃= | | × 100%
167.5 178

𝜃 = 0.1368% 𝜃 = 3.2449%

Polygon Method

TRIAL 1 TRIAL 2

% Error % Error

75 − 73 85 − 86
𝑅= | | × 100% 𝑅= | | × 100%
75 85

𝑅 = 2.6666% 𝑅 = 1.1765%

167.5 − 169 178 − 175

𝜃= | | × 100% 𝜃= | | × 100%
167.5 178

𝜃 = 0.8955% 𝜃 = 1.6854%
4.4 Answers to Guide Questions

1. Why is it important for the ring to be at the center? Since the mass hangers have equal masses can you
disregard them in the experiment? Why?

It is important for the ring to be at the center because it serves as the reference that the ring is at a state of
equilibrium, therefore it cannot be disregarded in the experiment.

2. When a pull is applied on the ring and then released, why does it sometimes fail to return to the center?

It means that it hasn’t obtain equilibrium if the ring fail to return at the center. Adjusting the weight, angle
and height could add or reduce the mass of weights and achieve equilibrium.

3. What is the significance of the resultant of 𝑭𝟏 , 𝑭𝟐 , 𝑭𝟑 to the remaining force 𝑭𝟒 ? What generalization can
you make regarding their relationship?

The resultant of the first three vectors (𝐹1 , 𝐹2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐹3 ) is being balanced by 𝐹4 which is the equilibrant.
Equilibrant is simply the opposite of the resultant that has an ability to balance the system.

4. If the order of adding vectors is change (i.e. from 𝑭𝟏 + 𝑭𝟐 + 𝑭𝟑 to 𝑭𝟐 + 𝑭𝟏 + 𝑭𝟑 ) will the resultant different?
Why?

No, because in adding vectors, the signs must be disregarded in this experiment. So even if the vectors are
rambled, it will still arrive in the same resultant. Since the purpose of the sign is to tell the direction.

5. Which method of determining the resultant is more a) efficient b) accurate c) practical or convenient to use?
Defend your answer.

Graphical method is much more easy and efficient to use because you only need to use a protractor and ruler
in measuring the angles and vectors to determine the resultant. Component method on the other hand is the more
accurate because it gives precise measurement of the angles and the resultant by using scientific calculator. As for
which method is practical or convenient, it depends on the agenda of the user. Some people might prefer using
component method as this lessens the need for more than trial and then ensures one has an accurate data. Others might
use graphical method because they don’t have to memorize formulas and just use ruler and protractor in determining
the resultant.