Book Reference Part of

Vol. Copyrig thesis

Author/s ht date Page Summary for every salient info
Editor/s Title of Article Title of the book no./ Publisher
range
where to
edition use
Carol Delaney --- Investigating Culture Vol. 2. River 2017 - Language is a system of interdependent terms in which the Intro
& Deborah An Experiential 2nd ed. Street, value of each term results solely from the simultaneous
Kaspin Introduction to Hoboken, presence of the others.
Anthropology USA:
John Language is completely symbolic system. Each word represents
Theory
Wiley & concept. Rather than representing or reflecting the world, each
Sons, Inc. language represents a conceptual scheme. Words unite “not a
thing and a name but a concept and a sound-image. The words
are composed not of letters but of sounds. A word or a sign is
like a sheet of paper. One side is the sound and the other is the Intro
concept. The meaning of that particular sign does not exist by
itself but emerges in relation to all the other signs. Meaning,
therefore, is the function of an environment of signs.
Meltzer, P. S., Vogelstein & - Attitudes to - New 2002 93- Main approaches to the study of language attitudes:
Kallioniemi, K. W. Kinzler Language York: 113
A., & Trent, J. Cambridg Direct Approach – large-scale survey attitudes to Gaelic in Theory
M. e Scotland. Survey employed questionnaire, the last question: If
Universit Gaelic became more noticeable in everyday life, in what way
y Press would this affect you? Interviewers wrote down the various
comments, these were later analyzed by identifying the main
themes that emerged.

Indirect Approach – a text recorded in Arabic, in Yemenite Theory

Hebrew, and in Ashkenazic Hebrew, made by two speakers who
were both bilingual. One is native Hebrew, and the other - his
first language was Arabic. The result: They were to disregard the
language differences; they were to focus on the speaker
instead.

Societal Treatment Studies – is certainly a significant approach Theory

for gaining insights into the relative values and stereotypical
associations of language varieties. It include observational,
participant observation, and ethnographic studies.
 Folklinguistic Procedure – focused on folk perceptions of Theory
dialects (perceptual dialectology), using various kinds of map
tasks. E.g. Draw a ‘Dialect Map’ developed by Preston of the
USA. The respondents are given a blank map of a country (USA)
and are asked to outline (by drawing lines on the map) and label
what they believe are the main speech regions of the USA.
Response: The labels placed on the region are not always purely
descriptive, but often strongly attitudinal. The general outlines
drawn by southern and northern respondents in their study
were the same. Some of the labeling is also largely shared. It
was concluded: southerners show awareness of how their
speech is commented on by northerners, and some even
incorporate these views into their own folk linguistics accounts.
(Cont. to 20
literatures)

Journal Reference Part of

Copyri thesis
Author/s Vol. Issue Summary for every salient info
Title of Article Title of the Journal No. No.
ght Page range doi where to
date use
Santiago Describing the Journal of Teacher 23 2 2015 172-183 doi: 10.1080/
Lunganay, Students’ Learning Education 8756822090
Perlito Jomuad Problems in Araling 2794266
Panlipunan Subject in
Ozamiz City National
High School, Ozamiz
City, Philippines
(Cont. to 20
literatures)