READING COMPREHENSION

LATIHAN UTBK BAHASA INGGRIS

Questions 1—4 are based on the following passage.

Forests have the ability to regulate water systems, prevent erosion and flood, and maintain soil fertility.
The ability of forests is inseparable from the existence of millions and even billions of trees in a forest area. Trees
only store water for their own needs, and the land saves water.

Billions of trees with their wide canopies will hold back rain. In this position, rain water does not directly hit
the soil surface, but will fall slowly through the leaves and flow through the tree trunk. Then, the soil surface filled
with tree trunks will produce quite a lot of litter originating from organic materials in the forms of leaf and dry
twigs. Dramatically, littering is heading towards the decay process. The organic materials are collected on the soil
surface.

Litter blocks the water falling from the canopy so it does not directly hit the soil. Litter also functions as a
place to live for millions of organisms (e.g. worms). This organism punctures the land as a home and place of life.
This organism’s behavior causes the soil surface to become loose and porous. When rain drops from the canopy fall
onto the litter, the water slowly flows to the soil surface. The loose and porous top layer of soil will absorb the
water and then the water will be stored in the aquifer, the underground river.

The soil surface in the forest has high capacity to absorb rainwater. As a result, most of the rainwater
seeps into the soil; only a little becomes running water. Running water is the water that cannot be absorbed by the
soil surface. This water will go down to a lower area. If running water exceeds the carrying capacity of the river, it
can certainly cause flood. Most of the rainwater that falls in the forest area will be absorbed by the soil and stored
in the aquifer.

Furthermore, the water stored in the aquifer will come out regularly through springs. From these springs,
water flows through rivers that are mostly found in the forest area. In addition, there is also underground water
that comes out as a spring in the resident wells.

1. The word 'dramatically' in paragraph 2 is best
replaced by ....
A. gradually
B. naturally
C. amazingly
D. surprisingly
E. simultaneously
4. What most likely motivates the writer in writing the
2. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Water guarantees millions of organisms to survive
in forest areas.
B. Land stores and releases water through various
processes.
C. Litter gradually flows water to the soil surface.
D. Trees store water to fulfill human daily needs.
E. Forests have various benefits for human life
3. With the sentence ‘This organism's behavior causes
the soil surface to become loose and porous’ in
paragraph 3, the writer intends to ....
A. describe the organism and its behavior against
loose soil
B. confirm the behavior of organisms in loose soil
C. compare the loose soil with the porous soil
D. uncover natural processes at soil erosion
E. explain the causes of soil erosion
passage?
A. There is an unresolved flood problem.
B. People’s awareness towards reforestation is
low.
C. Not many people understand the benefits of
water for forests.
D. There is the fallacious concept that trees store
large amount of water.
E. The information about the importance of trees
in storing water is not available.

Sumber :https://www.e-sbmptn.com/2019/03/soal-utbk-tps-bahasa-inggris.html

AMSTERDAM INSTITUTE
 READING COMPREHENSION
LATIHAN UTBK BAHASA INGGRIS

Question number 5 to 7 are based on the following text.

Sleepiness after eating is a response of the body to chemical changes during the digestion process. This is normal
and it happens to everybody. However, if sleepiness occurs every time after eating and obstructs your ability to
function, this may be a concern. Sleepiness after eating is caused by many factors, such as the type of food you
consume, messy sleeping habits, your health condition and so forth. The body requires energy to function and this
energy is obtained through food. Post-eating, the body releases hormones such as amylin, glucagon and
cholecystokinin. These hormones increase blood sugar levels, creating a feeling of fullness and producing insulin
that will be streamed through cell tissues and provide energy for them. At the same time, the brain releases
serotonin that causes drowsiness.

Moreover, food also influences melatonin production in the brain. This is the hormone that is responsible for
sleepiness post-meal. Some foods that are rich in protein, such as meat, poultry, eggs, fish, spinach, tofu, cheese
and soybeans can trigger more drowsiness than others. Additionally, foods containing carbohydrates also help
produce serotonin and tryptophan amino acids found in the brain. This is the reason why you feel sleepy after
eating carbohydrate-rich foods.

Overeating can also cause sleepiness. Post-meal, the body streams more blood to the digestive system to better
digest foods in massive amounts. This causes a temporary blood and nutrients shortage in the brain. To prevent
post-meal drowsiness, it’s better to eat a balanced diet containing vegetables, grains and good fats to provide
continuous energy. Drink lots of water and limit your sugar intake.

Bad sleeping patterns can also cause sleepiness after eating. After a meal, the body feels full and relaxed, making
the body feel like it is resting, resulting in a feeling of sleepiness, particularly if you didn’t get a good night’s sleep
the night before. To avoid this, improve your sleeping habits to prevent stress. Engaging in regular physical exercise
can help you get a good night’s sleep. It is recommended that you avoid napping if you are having trouble sleeping
at night.

(Adapted from www.thejakartapost.com)

5. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?

A. To discuss the amount of food to consume so as not to feel sleepy

B. To inform the readers about the factors of sleepiness after eating
C. To argue the effect of eating too much foods for the brain
D. To tell the readers the benefit of eating certain foods
E. To investigate what causes drowsiness after overeating

6. By writing the sentences in paragraph 2, the author intends to tell the readers about….

A. foods that are rich in protein, such as meat, eggs, fish, tofu, cheese and soybeans can generate more
drowsiness
B. overeating protein and carbohydrate-rich foods obstructs your brain’s ability to function well
C. the reason why carbohydrate-rich foods make you feel sleepy
D. food combinations containing tryptophan amino acid and carbohydrates make you feel drowsy
E. the hormone melatonin production in the brain is responsible for sleepiness after eating

7. It can be predicted from the passage that….

A. the finer you manage your sleep, the more lethargic you feel
B. the more fish you eat, the better it is for the brain
C. the less you eat carbohydrate-rich foods, the less you will feel drowsy
D. the less meat you eat, the more you will feel drowsy
E. the less you consume protein and carbohydrates, the better it is for the body

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