LIMITE DE FUNCTII

FUNCŢII – LIMTE UZUALE. LIMITE REMARCABILE

1 1
lim 0 lim 0 1 1
x  x x   x
lim   lim  
x 0 x x 0 x
x0 x 0

a ,daca a  0
lim x  
x 0, daca a  0
lim x  lim 3 x   lim 3
x  
x  x  x  

x  , daca a  1 0 , daca a  1
x
lim a   lim a  
x 0 , daca a   0,1 x  , daca a   0,1

 , daca a  1   , daca a 1
l i m l og a x   lim lo g a x  
x  - , daca a  0,1 x0  , daca a  0,1
x 0
 
lim arctg x  lim arctg x  
x  2 x  2
lim tg x   lim tg x  
π π
x x
2 2
π π
x x
2 2
lim f  x   f  α  unde f:D  R funcţie elementarǎ si α  D punct de acumulare
x α
funcţiile trigonometrice nu au limitǎ în punctele ,
x x 1
 1  1
lim 1    e
x   x
lim 1    e
x   x
lim 1  x  x  e
x 0
sin x tg x
lim 1 lim 1
x 0 x x 0 x

1
 arcsin x arctg x
lim 1 lim 1
x 0 x x 0 x
xk ax
lim x  0 , k  N , a  1 lim k   , k  N , a  1
x  a x  x

ln 1  x  a x 1 1  x  r  1  r , r  R
lim 1 lim  ln a , a  0 lim
x 0 x x 0 x x 0 x

OPERAŢII CU LIMITE (ŞIRURI ŞI FUNCŢII)

REGULI DE CALCUL CU LIMITE FINITE

Şiruri Funcţii
daca lim an  a si lim bn  b unde a, b  R , atunci : daca lim f  x   l1 , lim g  x   l2 , l1 , l2  R atunci :
x α x α
lim an  bn   lim an  lim bn  a  b
lim  f  x   g  x    lim f  x   lim g  x   l1 l2
lim α  an   α  lim an  α  a x α x α x α
lim a  f  x   a  lim f  x   a  l1
lim an  bn   lim an  lim bn  a  b x α x α

 a  lim an a lim f  x   g  x   lim f  x   lim g  x   l1  l2

x α x α x α
lim n    unde b  0
 bn  lim bn b f  x  x αlim f  x l
lim     lim a 
anbn n
lim bn
 a unde  a,b    0,0
b lim
x α g  x 
  1 unde l2  0
lim g  x  l2
x α
lim g  x 
lim f  x  g  x    lim f  x    l1l2 unde  l1,l2    0 ,0
x α

x α  xα 

REGULI DE CALCUL CU LIMITE INFINITE, EXPRIMATE FORMAL

Adunare    a   , aR cazuri de nedeterminare:

         a   , a  R  ;  
Inmultire    cazuri de nedeterminare:
        ,a  0  ,a  0
         a     a   0 ; 0

 ,a  0 ,a  0
a  R* a  R*

2
Impartire a cazuri de nedeterminare:
 ,a  0      ,a  0
 0 , aR

0
 
     
a
 0 , aR 
;
 
;

;
  ;
 0
a  ,a  0 a ,a  0
a  R* a  R*
Putere  
 cazuri de nedeterminare:
a ,a  0 ,a  1
a   0, a  1 1 ;1 ;  0 ; 0 0

 0
  a 
0,a  0 0, 0  a  1
, 0  a  1
a  R*
a   0,  1

a   0,  1
0 0
1 1 1
Cazul   
0 0 0
Limita
functiei lim f  g  x    lim f  y  unde β  lim g  x 
x α y β x α
compuse