Design and Estimation of Flexible Pavement On Lane Carriageway With Paved Shoulder Using MX Road Software 1

AIJREAS VOLUME 2, ISSUE 11(2017, NOV) (ISSN-2455-6602)ONLINE
ANVESHANA’S INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND APPLIED SCIENCES
DESIGN AND ESTIMATION OF FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT ON 2/4 LANE

CARRIAGEWAY WITH PAVED SHOULDER USING MX ROAD
SOFTWARE
BADAKE SANJU KUMAR MALOTHU NARASIMHA

M. Tech -Highway Engineering Assistant Professor
Malla Reddy Institute of Technology & Malla Reddy Institute of Technology &
Science Science
Email id: badakesanjukumar@gmail.com Emailid: nara100000@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
global advancement for the period of the last
The project will applyto Design and Estimation of
two years or so. It has had its due impact on
Flexible Pavement for R&B department Government
of Telangana has been assigned the work of Phase -1 INDIA, and the manner of introducing
of project “Devarakonda - paddavuru - miryalaguda pavement management systems on the
- kodad”. Tentative length-115 KM corridor of national highway and state roads in the
NH/state roads (Approved in principle for country. The whole concept of road systems
declaration as National Highways) in the state of
however, goes far beyond pavement
Telangana to two/four lane with paved shoulder
configuration. The flexible pavement design as per managing and covers all aspects which have
IRC: 37-2015 or MOST standards and preparation of a bearing ensuring the optimal level of
road projects IRC: SP: 19-2001. Road design using service to the road user. It is appropriate
MX Road software is an advanced, string-based interlinking towards an end oriented
modeling tool that enables rapid designing of all
approach and assurance of the requisite and
road types with accurate. Using MX Road creation of
Design alternatives for the construction of an ideal (optimal level of service to the road user)
road system can be managed with ease. Once a which is the trademark of the systems
design alternative has been authenticated, further approach.
details that are to be added to the design process can Systems approach
also be automated while using MX road modeling,
Roads are intended for the safe, speedy and
saving both time as well as money. The project
estimate should give a clear picture of the financial comfortable passage of traffic. The
commitment involved and should be realistic. This is engineering vital is to achieve this objective
possible only if the items of work, the quantities optimally in the most economical way
determined to a reasonable degree of accuracy and realistic. Optimal balancing of road
the rates provided on a realistic basis. Using SSR as
construction and maintenance costs to
per T.S. revised standard data for the year 2016-17.
achieve the negligible road costs and
Keywords: Pavement, MX road modeling, optimal balancing of road costs and road
2/4 Lane Carriageway Introduction user costs to achieve the minimal total
transportation costs is by nowadays common
INTRODUCTION knowledge in the nation and this knowledge
Development and application of systems is motivating the nation towards the
approach to road and road transportation implementation of systems approach
management is a major landmark in the towards pavement management.
ANVESHANA’SINTERNATIONALJOURNALOF RESEARCHIN ENGINEERING ANDAPPLIED SCIENCES
EMAILID:anveshanaindia@gmail.com,WEBSITE:www.anveshanaindia.com
230
Surface evenness and skid resistance to performance models in other countries for
confirm the requisite level of safety and their Pavement Management System and the
comfort increases with the travel speed, and research studies carried out so far.
the structural strength requirements of the HIGHWAY DEVELOPMENT AND
road rise with the rise in axle load MANAGEMENT MODELS:
magnitude and repetition. The initial Singh et al. (2005) did the program analysis
condition, quality, design (structural using HDM–4 and carried out the life cycle
strength) and the maintenance strategy analysis for a period of 15 years. The
adopted/anticipated, for the road, traffic budget requirement for unconstrained
information volumes, axle load magnitude program was obtained. The optimized
and repetition, and environmental program was developed for three scenarios
conditions, it is possible to model and
namely 75, 50 and 35 percent of the required
predict the pavement performance, and such
budget, respectively. HDM-4 contains
performance models can be a very useful
PPM's for major pavement distresses like
tool to planning the optimally economical
road repairs and up gradation strategies. cracking, potholes, rutting and roughness.
The initiation phase is separated from the
LITERATURE REVIEW
The pavement can be normally defined as to progression phase, and developed the
Performance of the change in their condition cracking initiation and progression models.
and purpose with respect to age. It can also The pavement condition and change in
be analytic of the ability of a pavement to condition were predicted every year for each
carry the intended traffic and satisfy the mode of distress in the order given below
environment during the design life, both (Attoh-Okine and Paris, 2005):
functionally and structurally. With the a) The age for initiation of all cracking and
increased economic and development increment in area of all cracking.
activities in India, the traffic has increased b) Initiation and increase in the area of all
multi fold during the last two years resulting potholes,
in the overstressing of road network. The c) Increment in rut depth (mean and
development of higher stresses leads to standard deviation), and
performance failure of the flexible d) Increment in roughness, These PPMs
pavements. If the pavements fail to carry the were developed from the results of extensive
design loads acceptably, then the failure is field experiments conducted in different
of structural type. It’s of functional type,
conditions. [1]
when the pavement does not provided a
smooth riding surface of road. The uneven 1.1 PAVEMENT PERFORMANCE
surface not only causes discomfort, and also MODELS IN THE INDIAN
increases the Vehicle Operating Cost, thus
PERSPECTIVE
influencing the overall transportation cost.
This matter gives a broad outline of the Sood and Sharma (1996) reported a
importance of pavement performance pavement Performance Study conducted
evaluation, type of models, applications of with a view to develop data for total
231
transportation cost model for Indian Horizontal and Vertical Curves, Super
conditions, to be achieved through elevation etc. [4]
development of pavement performance data OBJECTIVE’S
and attempted development of layer
1. Design and Estimation of Flexible
equivalence and strength coefficients. Data
Pavement on 2/4 Lane Carriageway.
was collected on the construction and
maintenance inputs of different pavements 2. A road designon 2/4 lane with Paved
based on studies carried out on nine Shoulder Using Mx Road Software.
pavement sections for a period of about 10
3. A Study on Economic Analysis, Financial
years. [1]
Analysis.
Sharma and Pandey (1997) made a study on
the existing pavements completed in recent 4. A Study on Flexible pavement design.
years and developed total transportation cost
METHODOLOGY
model for Indian conditions. Indian research
Pavement design forms an integral part of
results were used to develop this model and
detailed engineering study. Performance of
its predictions and results were considered
pavement is critical as the economical
truly reflective of Indian conditions. The
revenues are directly dependent on its
model helps to apply a rational approach in
performance. The design methodology
road maintenance decisions for obtaining
adopted for the strengthening and
best results from available funds including
rehabilitation of the existing carriageway
benefits of periodic maintenance, cost
and the also suggests the design approach
effectiveness of maintenance strategies etc.
for flexible pavement for the new
[2]
carriageway.
Kumar Ashok gave geometric design of
Pavement Design Methodology
existing road using MXROAD Software.
Pavement design methodology includes two
Existing road used was SH 131 in
basic functions namely; design of
Maharashtra to improve its geometric
strengthening overlay for exiting pavement
features and upgrading it from two lanes to
and design of new crust for additional lanes.
four lanes. The Software uses 3D string
Types of pavementto be adopted for
modeling technology and offers the desired
additional lanes shall also be decided based
values of different components of geometric
on life cycle cost analysis as a part of
design such as Horizontal, Vertical Curves,
pavement design methodology.
and Super elevation, Shoulder, etc.[3]
Accordingly, the following methodology has
HarshilS. Shah and P.A. Shinkar
been adopted in pavement design to achieve
(2016)reported a planning and design f
requirements of TOR.
proposed bypass road connecting kalawad
Step 1: Various Pavement investigations
road to Gondal road, Rajkot using auto desk
have been carried out on the project corridor
civil 3D software. The software uses 3D
to assess the adequacy of the existing
design to give the values of different
components of geometric design such as
232
pavement crust. These investigations unit rate analysis shall duly take into
include: account the various inputs and their basic
1. Visual Pavement Condition rates, suggested location of plants and
2. Pavement Roughness Surveys respective lead distances for mechanized
3. BD measurements construction.
4. Subgrade investigations
5. Investigations on existing granular layers FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT DESIGN AND
6. Investigations for quarry and Barrow ANALYSIS
areas
Pavement Structure Design by IRC: 37-
Step 2: Axle load surveys have been
2015 After adjustment by interpolation on
conducted on the corridor and VDF for
traffic, pavement structures according to the
different categories of vehicle established.
sectioning,given by IRC: 37.
Step 3: Detailed material investigations
Design Traffic = 39Msa.
have been conducted in the projected
influence area andstrength characteristics Design of CBR: 10%
and availability of construction material has
been determined. The CBR of borrow material is varying
Step 4: For the purpose of designing the from 10% to 20%. Considering the fact that
overlay, the project corridor has been the contractor executing the works may opt
divided into homogeneous sections based on for alternative sources than studied here-in,
deflection measurements using Cumulative a lower value of 10%is adopted in the
standards approach. Design thickness of pavement design.
overlay has been estimated from IRC-81-
1997 using estimated traffic level and Design of pavement structure
characteristic deflection of particular
homogeneous section. Estimated
BMthickness is then adjusted to equivalent
thickness of AC & DBM using conversion
factors given in IRC 81-1997.
Estimation of Quantities and Project
Costs
i). The project prepare detailed estimates for
quantities and project cost for the whole
project, including the cost of environmental
and social safe guards proposed based on
MORT&H’s Standard Data Book and
market rate for the inputs. The computed strain from IITPAVE
software are
ii. Detailed analysis for computing the unit
rates for the different items of works. The
233
1. Horizontal tensile strain in Bituminous

layer is 173*10-6 < 178*10-6
2. Vertical compressive strain on sub grade

is 330*10-6 < 370*10-6
Hence the pavement composition safe.
Typical Cross-Sections of the Project
GEOMETRIC DESIGN OF ROAD

USING MX SOFTWARE
The existing pavement in the project road

from km 23.000 (Miryalaguda) to km
34.200 (Kodad) of Highway is flexible in
nature. Geometric design of a highway deals
with the dimension and layout of visible
features of the highway such as alignment,
sight distances and inter section.

234
Detail of Project Length.
Sectio Proposed Length

Section De Vertical alignment
Exi n (Design) (km)
sig
S stin Tot
Fr n Reali Geom
r. g Wid al
N Fr To Len o To Le gnme etric
ngt nt Impro enin Le
o om gth m
g ngt
. (k (K (km (k (K h Lengt veme
(km h
m) m) ) m m) (k h nt
) m) (km) (km) ) (k
m)
23. 34. 34. 11. 11.
11. 0. 10.8
1 00 10 02 02 4.958 0.940 02
100 00 00
0 0 8 8 8
Alignment design to using mx road

software
1 Survey data in text file
This survey data includes X, Y, Z co-

ordinates (i.e. Northing, Easting and
Reduced Level). This data can be collected
now days by using total station instrument.
2 Horizontal alignment: Creating

Horizontal Alignment using survey data
235
Longitudinal profile 2. Rate analysis: The determination of cost

per unit of work, from the cost of materials,
cost of labors charges, cost of machinery
hire charges, VAT, pretty supervision
charges, contingencies, contractor profit etc.
The rates of materials and labour charges
vary from place to place.
3. Detailed Estimation
1. Based on approximate estimate of the

project “Administrative approval” is
accorded.
ROUTEMAP 2. For getting “Technical sanction” the

detailed estimate is prepared.
ESTIMATION
3. Detailed estimation is required for
Before undertaking the construction of a arranging the contract and entering into
project it is essential to know its probable agreement between contractor and engineer.
cost which is worked out by estimating.1.
An estimate is defined, as computation or RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
calculation of the required quantities of 1. Flexible pavement design
completed items of work and its expenses
(cost) likely to be suffered for its Structural Design of pavement and failure
construction.2. The main object of estimate criteria checked with iit pave software and
is to know the required quantity of material, also checked IRC 37-2015 guidelines.
labor and cost before actual execution.3. It 2. 2/4 lane carriageway with paved
helps an engineer to plan the construction shoulder using mx road software
work, for quick and proper construction with
required quantity. i). Road Designed checked with IRC: SP:
73-2007 and IRC: SP: 84-2014 guidelines.
1. Standard Schedule of Rates (SSR): In ii). Mx road software used designed given
schedule of rates the rates of various bellow elements:
materials, machinery hiring charges and
wages of laborers are available and is 1. Alignment 2. Horizontal alignment 3.
prepared by “Board of chief Engineers” in Vertical alignment 4. Sight distances 5. Over
Telangana and approved in year 2016-2017. lay design 6. Volumetric analysis of road
3. Estimation

236
1). 1 km partial Reconstruction of two lane involved and should be realistic. This is
with paved shoulder in flexible pavement possible only if the items of work, the
layers are taken (Chainage at km 29.000 to quantities determined to a reasonable degree
km 30.000). of accuracy and the rates provided on a
realistic basis.
2). Total cost of 1 km partial Reconstruction
of two lane with paved shoulder in flexible 7. Highways are very important to a
pavement INR 2, 25, 15698/- country’s economic development. The
construction of a high quality road network
CONCLUSION
directly increases a nation’s economic
1. The project design from chainage at Km output by reducing journey times and costs,
23.000 to Km 34.200 (Devarakonda to making a region more attractive
Koadad Route) in Nalgonda District, economically.
Telangana state.
REFERENCES
2. Design speed of highway is 100 Kmph. [1] IRC: 37-2015 “Guidelines for the Design of
Flexible Pavements”.
3. The design of flexible pavement is mostly
empirical in nature, initial cost of flexible [2] Dr. L.R. Kadyali. “Traffic Engineering and
pavement is less. In flexible pavement, Transportation Planning”. Khanna Publishers,
Seventh Edition 2007.
traffic is allowed to move, once the
pavement is rolled. [3] IRC-73-1980, “Geometric design standards for
Rural road in Plain areas.”
4. Flexible pavement design is mainly
[4] Transportation Research Board, Highway
concerned with determining appropriate Capacity Manual, 2000
layer thickness and composition. The main
design factors are stresses due to [5] Kumar A et al, "Up Gradation of Geometric
Design of State highway-131(Ch. 9.00km-15.00 km)
temperature variations and traffic load.
Using MX road Software-A Case Study"
5. MX Road software be present an International Journal of Civil Engineering and
Technology (IJCIET) 2016.
advanced, string based modeling tool that
enables rapid designing of all road types [6] IRC: SP: 73 -2015 “Manual of specifications &
with precise. Using MX Road creation of standards for 2 lanning of Highways with paved
shoulders”.
Design alternatives for the construction of
an ideal road system can be able to with [7] IRC: SP: 19-2001 “Manual for survey,
ease. Once a design alternative has been investigation and preparation of road projects”.
authenticated, further details that are to be [8] IRC: SP: 23-1983 “Guidelines for design of
added to the design process can also be Vertical curves for highways”.
automated while using MX road modeling, [9] IRC: 38-1988 “Guidelines for design of
saving both time as well as money. Horizontal curves for highways”.
6. The project estimate should give a clear [10] IRC: 64-1976 “Tentative guidelines on capacity
picture of the financial commitment of roads in rural area”.

237
[11] IRC: 66-1976 “Recommended practice for sight International Journal of scientific development and
distance on rural highways”. research (IJSDR)2016.
[12] HarshilS. Shah and P. A. Shinkar et al, [13] Dutta, B.N. “Estimation and Costing in civil
“planning and design of proposed bypass road Engineering”, UBS Publishers and disributors Pvt.
connecting Kalawad road to Gondal road, Rajekote Ltd., 2009
using Autodesk Civil 3D software-A Case Study”

238

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AIJREAS VOLUME 2, ISSUE 11(2017, NOV) (ISSN-2455-6602)ONLINE

ANVESHANA’S INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND APPLIED SCIENCES

DESIGN AND ESTIMATION OF FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT ON 2/4 LANE

BADAKE SANJU KUMAR MALOTHU NARASIMHA

1. Horizontal tensile strain in Bituminous

2. Vertical compressive strain on sub grade

Typical Cross-Sections of the Project

GEOMETRIC DESIGN OF ROAD

The existing pavement in the project road

ANVESHANA’SINTERNATIONALJOURNALOF RESEARCHIN ENGINEERING ANDAPPLIED SCIENCES

Detail of Project Length.

Sectio Proposed Length

Alignment design to using mx road

1 Survey data in text file

This survey data includes X, Y, Z co-

2 Horizontal alignment: Creating

Longitudinal profile 2. Rate analysis: The determination of cost

1. Based on approximate estimate of the

ROUTEMAP 2. For getting “Technical sanction” the

ANVESHANA’SINTERNATIONALJOURNALOF RESEARCHIN ENGINEERING ANDAPPLIED SCIENCES

ANVESHANA’SINTERNATIONALJOURNALOF RESEARCHIN ENGINEERING ANDAPPLIED SCIENCES

ANVESHANA’SINTERNATIONALJOURNALOF RESEARCHIN ENGINEERING ANDAPPLIED SCIENCES

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