Example: 01

Determine the vertical displacement

of joint C of the truss. This is shown
in the figure. The cross sectional area
of each member is 0.5in2 and
E=29*103 KSI.
Solution:
Consider About Joint “A”
∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0 ↑ (+𝑣𝑒)

1
𝐹𝐴𝐹 +4=0
√2
∴ 𝐹𝐴𝐹 = −5.56 𝐾 (𝐶)
𝑁𝑜𝑤,
∑ 𝐹𝑥 = 0 → (+𝑣𝑒)
1
𝐹𝐴𝐵 + 𝐹𝐴𝐹 ∗ =0
√2
1
𝐹𝐴𝐵 = −𝐹𝐴𝐹 ∗
√2
1
𝐹𝐴𝐵 = −(−5.56) ∗
√2
∴ 𝐹𝐴𝐵 = 4𝐾 (𝑇)

Consider About Joint “F”

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0 ↑ (+𝒗𝒆)
1
𝐹𝐴𝐹 ∗ + 𝐹𝐵𝐹 = 0
√2
1
𝐹𝐵𝐹 = −(−5.56 ∗ )
√2
∴ 𝐹𝐵𝐹 = 4𝐾 (𝑇)

Now,
∑ 𝐹𝑥 = 0 ↑ (+𝑣𝑒)
1
𝐹𝐴𝐹 ∗ = 𝐹𝐸𝐹
√2
∴ 𝐹𝐸𝐹 = −4𝐾 (𝐶)

Consider About Joint “B”

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0 ↑ (+𝒗𝒆)
1
𝐹𝐵𝐹 + 𝐹𝐵𝐸 ∗ −4=0
√2
1
𝐹𝐵𝐸 ∗ −4+4 = 0
√2
∴ 𝐹𝐵𝐸 = 0

1
Now,
∑ 𝐹𝑥 = 0 ↑ (+𝑣𝑒)
1
𝐹𝐵𝐴 + 𝐹𝐵𝐸 ∗ − 𝐹𝐵𝐶 = 0
√2
So, 𝐹𝐵𝐶 = 𝐹𝐵𝐴 (T)

And now we can get the value of 𝐹𝐶𝐷 , 𝐹𝐶𝐸 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐹𝐷𝐸 as same as the value of 𝐹𝐴𝐵 , 𝐹𝐵𝐹 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐹𝐴𝐹

∴ 𝐹𝐶𝐷 = 4𝐾 (T)
∴ 𝐹𝐶𝐸 = 4𝐾 (𝑇)
∴ 𝐹𝐷𝐸 = −5.65𝐾 (C

Taking moment at point “A”

∑ 𝑀𝐴 = 0 (All clockwise rotation positive)
−𝑅𝐷 ∗ 30 + 1 ∗ 0 = 0
∴ 𝑅𝐷 = 0.67 𝐾
So, 𝑅𝐴 = (1 − 0.67) = 0.33𝐾

Now we consider about joint “A”

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0 ↑ (+𝒗𝒆)
1
𝐹𝐴𝐹 ∗ + 0.33 = 0
√2
∴ 𝐹𝐴𝐹 = −0.47𝐾 ↓ (𝐶)

Again,
∑ 𝐹𝑋 = 0 → (+𝒗𝒆)
1
𝐹𝐴𝐹 ∗ + 𝐹𝐴𝐵 = 0
√2
∴ 𝐹𝐴𝐵 = 0.33 ↑ (𝑇)

Now we consider about joint “F”

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0 ↑ (+𝒗𝒆)
1
𝐹𝐴𝐹 ∗ + 𝐹𝐵𝐹 = 0
√2
∴ 𝐹𝐵𝐹 = 0.33 (𝑇)

∑ 𝐹𝑋 = 0 → (+𝒗𝒆)
1
𝐹𝐸𝐹 = 𝐹𝐴𝐹 ∗
√2
∴ 𝐹𝐸𝐹 = −0.33 𝐾 (𝐶)

2
Now we consider about joint “B”

∑ 𝐹𝑌 = 0 ↑ (+𝒗𝒆)
1
𝐹𝐵𝐹 + 𝐹𝐵𝐸 ∗ =0
√2
∴ 𝐹𝐵𝐸 = −0.47𝐾 (𝐶)

∑ 𝐹𝑋 = 0 → (+𝒗𝒆)
1
𝐹𝐵𝐸 ∗ + 𝐹𝐵𝐶 − 𝐹𝐴𝐵 = 0
√2
1
𝐹𝐵𝐶 = − (−0.47 ∗ ) + 0.33
√2
∴ 𝐹𝐵𝐶 = 0.66𝐾 (𝑇)

Now we consider about joint “C”

∑ 𝐹𝑋 = 0 → (+𝒗𝒆)
∴ 𝐹𝐵𝐶 = 𝐹𝐶𝐷 = 0.66𝐾 (𝑇)
∑ 𝐹𝑌 = 0
∴ 𝐹𝐶𝐸 = 1𝐾 (𝑇)

Now we consider about joint “D”

∑ 𝐹𝑌 = 0 ↑ (+𝑣𝑒)
1
𝐹𝐷𝐸 ∗ = −0.67
2
∴ 𝐹𝐷𝐸 = −0.95𝐾 (𝐶)

Member u (K) P (K) L (ft) uPL

AB 0.33 4 10 13.20
BC 0.667 4 10 26.68
CD 0.667 4 10 26.68
DE −0.95 −5.65 14.44 75.89
EF −0.33 −4 10 13.20
BF 0.33 4 10 13.20
CE 1.0 4 10 40
BE −0.47 0 14.44 0
AF −0.47 −5.65 14.44 37.54
∑ 𝒖𝑷𝑳 246.39

∑ 𝑢𝑃𝐿 246.39 ∗ 12
∆𝐶 = = = 0.204 𝑖𝑛 (↓)
𝐸𝐴 29 ∗ 103 ∗ 0.5
(Answer)

3
Example 02:
Determine the horizontal displacement of joint A of the
truss. This is shown in figure. Considering the area of
each member is 1 m2 and E = 1.73 MN/m2.
Solution:
Taking moment at point “B”
∑ 𝑀𝐵 = 0 +
−𝑅𝐶 ∗ 5 + 4 ∗ 5 = 0
∴ 𝑅𝐶𝑉 = 4 𝐾𝑁 (↑)

Again taking moment at point “C”

∑ 𝑀𝐶 = 0 +
𝑅𝐵 ∗ 5 + 4 ∗ 5 = 0
∴ 𝑅𝐵𝑉 = −4 𝐾𝑁
∴ 𝑅𝐵𝑉 = 4 𝐾𝑁 (↓)

Now we consider about joint “B”

∑ 𝐹𝑌 = 0 ↑ (+𝑣𝑒)
5
𝐹𝐴𝐵 ∗ −4=0
5.59
∴ 𝐹𝐴𝐵 = 4.472 𝐾𝑁 (𝑇)
Again,
∑ 𝐹𝑋 = 0 → (+𝒗𝒆)
2.5
𝐹𝐴𝐵 ∗ + 𝐹𝐵𝐶 − 4 = 0
5.59
∴ 𝐹𝐵𝐶 = 2 𝐾𝑁 (𝑇)

Now we consider about joint “C”

∑ 𝐹𝑌 = 0 ↑ (+𝑣𝑒)
5
𝐹𝐴𝐶 +4=0
5.59
∴ 𝐹𝐴𝐶 = −4.472 𝐾𝑁 (𝐶)

∑ 𝐹𝑋 = 0 → (+𝒗𝒆)
2.5
−𝐹𝐴𝐶 ∗ − 𝐹𝐵𝐶 = 0
5.59
2.5
𝐹𝐵𝐶 = −4.472 ∗
5.59
∴ 𝐹𝐵𝐶 = −2𝐾𝑁
∴ 𝐹𝐵𝐶 = 2 𝐾𝑁 (𝑇)
∴ 𝐹𝐴𝐵 = 4.472 𝐾𝑁 (𝑇)
∴ 𝐹𝐵𝐶 = 2 𝐾𝑁 (𝑇)
∴ 𝐹𝐴𝐶 = −4.472 𝐾𝑁 (𝐶)

4
Now taking 1kN horizontal virtual load at point “A”
Taking moment at point “B”
∑ 𝑀𝐵 = 0 +

−𝑅𝐶 ∗ 5 + 1 ∗ 5 = 0
∴ 𝑅𝐶 = 1 𝐾𝑁 ↑
∴ 𝑅𝐵 = −1𝐾𝑁 ↓
∴ 𝑅𝐵𝐻 = 1 𝐾𝑁 ←

Now we consider about joint “B”

∑ 𝐹𝑌 = 0 ↑ (+𝑣𝑒)
5
𝐹𝐴𝐵 ∗ 5.59 − 1=0
∴ 𝐹𝐴𝐵 = 1.118𝐾𝑁 (𝑇)

∑ 𝐹𝑋 = 0 → (+𝒗𝒆)
2.5
𝐹𝐴𝐵 ∗ + 𝐹𝐵𝐶 − 1 = 0
5.59
∴ 𝐹𝐵𝐶 = 0.5 𝐾𝑁 (𝑇)

Now we consider about joint “C”

∑ 𝐹𝑌 = 0 ↑ (+𝑣𝑒)
5
𝐹𝐴𝐶 ∗ +1=0
5.59
∴ 𝐹𝐴𝐶 = −1.118𝐾𝑁 (𝐶)

∴ 𝐹𝐴𝐵 = 1.118𝐾𝑁 (𝑇)

∴ 𝐹𝐴𝐶 = −1.118𝐾𝑁 (𝐶)
∴ 𝐹𝐵𝐶 = 0.5 𝐾𝑁 (𝑇)

Member u (kN) P (kN) L (M) uPL

AB 1.118 4.472 5.59 27.95
BC 0.5 2 5 5.0
AC −1.118 −4.472 5.59 27.95

∑ 𝒖𝑷𝑳 60.9

∑ 𝑢𝑃𝐿 60.9
∆𝐻 = = = 35.20 𝑚𝑚 (→)
𝐴𝐸 1 ∗ 1.73 ∗ 103
(Answer)

5
Example 03:
Calculate the vertical and horizontal deflection at join
B. Given that 𝐴 = 100 𝑚𝑚2 & E = 200kN/mm2 each
member of the truss shown in the figure.
Solution:
Taking moment at “A”
∑ 𝑀𝐴 = 0 +

40 ∗ 3 − 𝐻𝐶 ∗ 4 = 0
∴ 𝐻𝐶 = 30𝑘𝑁 →

NOW,
∑ 𝑀𝐶 = 0 +

40 ∗ 3 + 𝐻𝐴 ∗ 4 = 0

∴ 𝐻𝐴 = −30 𝑘𝑁 ←

Now taking moment at point “B”

∑ 𝑀𝐵 = 0 +

𝑉𝐶 ∗ 3 + 𝑉𝐴 ∗ 3 + 𝐻𝐴 ∗ 4 = 0
3𝑉𝐶 + 3𝑉𝐴 = −4 ∗ (−30)

𝑉𝐶 + 𝑉𝐴 = 40 𝑘𝑁……………………………. (1)

∴ 𝑉𝐴 = 40 𝑘𝑁 Because, 𝑉𝐶 = 0

Now we consider about joint “B”

∑ 𝐹𝑌 = 0 ↑ (+𝑣𝑒)
4
𝐹𝐴𝐵 ∗ − 40 = 0
5
∴ 𝐹𝐴𝐵 = 50 𝑘𝑁 (𝑇)
∑ 𝐹𝑋 = 0 → (+𝒗𝒆)
3
−𝐹𝐴𝐵 ∗ − 𝐹𝐵𝐶 = 0
5
∴ 𝐹𝐵𝐶 = −30𝐾𝑁 (𝐶)

6
Now consider horizontal load at point “B”
∑ 𝑀𝐶 = 0 +

𝐻𝐴 ∗ 4 = 0
∴ 𝐻𝐴 = 0
∑ 𝑀𝐴 = 0 +

−𝐻𝐶 ∗ 4 − 1 ∗ 4 = 0

∴ 𝐻𝐶 = −1𝐾𝑁 ←

Taking moment at point B ∑ 𝑀𝐵 = 0 +

𝐻𝐴 + 3𝑉𝐴 + 3𝑉𝐶 = 0
3𝑉𝐴 + 3𝑉𝐶 = 0
𝑉𝐴 + 𝑉𝐶 = 0
∴ 𝑉𝐴 = 0 Because of 𝑉𝐶 = 0

Now we consider about joint “B”

∑ 𝐹𝑦 = 0 ↑ (+𝑣𝑒)
4
𝐹𝐴𝐵 ∗ = 0
5
∴ 𝐹𝐴𝐵 = 0
∑ 𝐹𝐻 = 0 → (+𝒗𝒆)
3
−𝐹𝐵𝐶 − 𝐹𝐴𝐵 + 1 = 0
5
∴ 𝐹𝐵𝐶 = 1𝐾𝑁 (𝑇)

𝑈𝑃𝐿 1∗1000 1∗(−30)∗3

We know that, ∆𝐻𝐵 = ∑ = { }
𝐴𝐸 200∗100 1

∆𝐻𝐵 = −4.5 𝑚𝑚

Now consider vertical virtual load at point B

∑ 𝑀𝐴 = 0 +

1 ∗ 3 − 𝐻𝐶 ∗ 4 = 0
∴ 𝐻𝐶 = 0.75 𝐾𝑁 →
∑ 𝑀𝐶 = 0 +
1 ∗ 3 + 𝐻𝐴 ∗ 4 = 0
∴ 𝐻𝐴 = −0.75 𝐾𝑁 ←
∑ 𝑀𝐵 = 0 +
3𝑉𝐶 + 3𝑉𝐴 + 4𝐻𝐴 = 0
−4 ∗ (−0.75)
𝑉𝐶 + 𝑉𝐴 =
3
𝑉𝐶 + 𝑉𝐴 = 1 𝐾𝑁

∴ 𝑉𝐴 = 1𝑘𝑁, Because 𝑉𝐶 = 0 𝑉𝐶

7
Now we consider about joint “B”
∑ 𝐹𝑌 = 0 ↑ (+𝑣𝑒)
4
𝐹𝐴𝐵 −1=0
5
𝐹𝐴𝐵 = 1.25 𝐾𝑁 (𝑇)
∑ 𝐹𝑋 = 0 → (+𝒗𝒆)
3
−𝐹𝐴𝐵 − 𝐹𝐵𝐶 = 0
5
∴ 𝐹𝐵𝐶 = −0.75 𝐾𝑁 (𝐶)
𝑈𝑃𝐿 1 ∗ 1000
∆𝑉𝐵 = ∑ = {1.25 ∗ 50 ∗ 5 + (−0.75 ∗ −30 ∗ 3)}
𝐴𝐸 200 ∗ 100
= 19 𝑚𝑚

Answer:

Horizontal deflection at point B = 4.5 𝑚𝑚 (←)

Vertical Deflection at point B= 19 𝑚𝑚 (↓)

8
Example 04:
Determine the vertical displacement at point C due to temperature change of 𝐴𝐷 member.
Temperature 120℃ and take 𝛼 = 0.6 × 10−5.

Solution:
Taking moment at point “A”
∑ 𝑀𝐴 = 0 +

80 ∗ 6 + 60 ∗ 8 + 𝑅𝐷 ∗ 8 = 0
∴ 𝑅𝐷 = −120 𝐾𝐼𝑃 ←
𝑅𝐴 + 60 − 120 = 0
∴ 𝑅𝐴 = 60 𝐾𝐼𝑃 →
∑ 𝐹𝑉 = 0

∴ 𝐹𝐷𝐻 = 80 𝐾𝐼𝑃 ↑

Now we consider about joint “A”

∑ 𝐹𝐻 = 0 → (+𝒗𝒆)
6
60 + 𝐹𝐴𝐶 ∗ 10 + 𝐹𝐴𝐵 = 0………………….. (1)

∑ 𝐹𝑉 = 0 ↑ (+𝑣𝑒)
8
𝐹𝐴𝐶 ∗ 10 + 𝐹𝐴𝐷 = 0…………………….….. (2)

9
Now we consider about joint “B”

∑ 𝐹𝐻 = 0 → (+𝒗𝒆)
−𝐹𝐴𝐵 = 0
∴ 𝐹𝐴𝐵 = 0

∑ 𝐹𝑉 = 0 ↑ (+𝑣𝑒)
𝐹𝐵𝐶 − 80 = 0
∴ 𝐹𝐵𝐶 = 80 𝑘𝑖𝑝 ↑
From equation no (1)
6
60 + 𝐹𝐴𝐶 ∗ +0=0
10
600
∴ 𝐹𝐴𝐶 = − = −100 𝑘𝑖𝑝 (𝐶)
6

From equation no (2)

8
𝐹𝐴𝐶 ∗ + 𝐹𝐴𝐷 = 0
10
8
−100 ∗ + 𝐹𝐴𝐷 = 0
10
∴ 𝐹𝐴𝐷 = 80 𝑘𝑖𝑝 (𝑇)

Now we consider about joint “C”

∑ 𝐹𝐻 = 0 → (+𝒗𝒆)
6
60 − 𝐹𝐷𝐶 − 𝐹𝐴𝐶 ∗ =0
10
6
𝐹𝐷𝐶 = 60 − (100 ∗ )
10
∴ 𝐹𝐷𝐶 = 120 𝑘𝑖𝑝 (𝑇)

Now consider 1𝑘𝑖𝑝 Vertical virtual load at point “C”

10
Taking moment at point “A” and “B”
∑ 𝑀𝐴 = 0 +
1 ∗ 6 + 𝑅𝐷 ∗ 8 = 0
∴ 𝑅𝐷 = −0.75 𝑘𝑖𝑝 ←

∑ 𝑀𝐵 = 0 +
1 ∗ 6 − 𝑅𝐴 ∗ 8 = 0
∴ 𝑅𝐴 = 0.75 𝑘𝑖𝑝 →
Now,
∑ 𝐹𝑉 = 0 ↑ (+𝑣𝑒)

𝐹𝐴𝐻 − 1 = 0

∴ 𝐹𝐴𝐻 = 1 𝑘𝑖𝑝 ↑

Now we consider about joint “B”

Here
𝐹𝐴𝐵 = 0

𝐹𝐵𝐶 = 0

Now we consider about joint “A”

∑ 𝐹𝐻 = 0 → (+𝒗𝒆)
6
𝐹𝐴𝐶 ∗ + 𝐹𝐴𝐵 + 0.75 = 0
10
𝐹𝐴𝐶 = −1.25 𝑘𝑖𝑝 (𝐶)
∑ 𝐹𝑉 = 0 ↑ (+𝑣𝑒)
8
𝐹𝐴𝐶 ∗ + 𝐹𝐴𝐷 = 0
10
𝐹𝐴𝐷 = 1 𝑘𝑖𝑝 (𝑇)

Now we consider about joint “C”

∑ 𝐹𝐻 = 0 → (+𝒗𝒆)
6
𝐹𝐴𝐶 ∗ + 𝐹𝐷𝐶 = 0
10
𝐹𝐷𝐶 = 0.75 𝑘𝑖𝑝 (𝑇)

11
Now we know that,
𝑈𝑃𝐿 1 ∗ 12 80 ∗ 1 ∗ 8 120 ∗ 0.75 ∗ 6 −1.25 ∗ −100 ∗ 10
∆𝑐𝑣1 = ∑ = { + + }
𝐴𝐸 29 ∗ 103 2 2 1.5
= 0.588 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ

For temperature change due to 𝐴𝐷 member

∆𝑐𝑣2 = ∑ 𝑈𝛼∆𝑇𝐿

= 1 ∗ (0.6 ∗ 10−5 ) ∗ 120 ∗ (8 ∗ 12)

= 0.069 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ

Total, ∆𝑐𝑣1 + ∆𝑐𝑣2 = 0.588 + 0.069 = 0.657 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ

(Answer)

12
Example 05:
Determine the Vertical and Horizontal deflection at
point C for fabrication error. Given data: 𝐸 =
400 𝐺𝑝𝑎, 𝐴 = 200 𝑚𝑚2 . 𝐴𝐵 member shortening 5 𝑚𝑚.

Solution:
Taking moment at point A and B
∑ 𝑀𝐴 = 0 +
4 ∗ 3 − 𝑅𝐵 ∗ 8 = 0
∴ 𝑅𝐵 = 1.5 𝑘𝑁 ↑
∑ 𝑀𝐵 = 0 +
4 ∗ 3 − 𝑅𝐴 ∗ 8 = 0
∴ 𝑅𝐴 = −1.5 𝑘𝑁 ↓
∑ 𝐹𝑋 = 0 → (+𝒗𝒆)
4 + 𝐹𝐴𝐻 = 0
∴ 𝐹𝐴𝐻 = −4 𝑘𝑁 ←

Now we consider about joint “A”

∑ 𝐹𝑌 = 0 ↑ (+𝒗𝒆)
3
𝐹𝐴𝐶 ∗ = 1.5
5
∴ 𝐹𝐴𝐶 = 2.5 𝑘𝑁 (𝑇)
∑ 𝐹𝑋 = 0 → (+𝒗𝒆)
4
−4 + 𝐹𝐴𝐶 ∗ + 𝐹𝐴𝐵 = 0
5
∴ 𝐹𝐴𝐵 = 2 (𝑇)

Now we consider about joint “B”

∑ 𝐹𝑌 = 0 ↑ (+𝒗𝒆)
3
𝐹𝐵𝐶 ∗ + 1.5 = 0
5
∴ 𝐹𝐵𝐶 = −2.5 𝑘𝑁 (𝐶)
Now consider 𝟏 𝒌𝑵 Horizontal Virtual Load at
point C
∑ 𝑀𝐴 = 0 +

1 ∗ 3 = 𝑅𝐵 ∗ 8
∴ 𝑅𝐵 = 0.375 𝑘𝑁 (𝑇)
∴ 𝑅𝐴 = −0.375 𝑘𝑁 (𝐶)

∴ 𝐹𝐴𝐻 = 1 𝑘𝑁 ←

13
Now we consider about joint “A”
∑ 𝐹𝑌 = 0 ↑ (+𝒗𝒆)
3
𝐹𝐴𝐶 ∗ = 0.375
5
∴ 𝐹𝐴𝐶 = 0.625 𝑘𝑁 (𝑇)
∑ 𝐹𝑋 = 0 → (+𝒗𝒆)
4
𝐹𝐴𝐵 + 𝐹𝐴𝐶 ∗ − 1 = 0
5
∴ 𝐹𝐴𝐵 = 0.50 𝑘𝑁 (𝑇)

Now we consider about joint “B”

∑ 𝐹𝑌 = 0 ↑ (+𝒗𝒆)
3
𝐹𝐵𝐶 ∗ + 0.375 = 0
5
∴ 𝐹𝐵𝐶 = −0.675 (𝐶)

Now consider 𝟏 𝒌𝑵 Vertical Virtual Load at point C

∑ 𝑀𝐴 = 0 +

1 ∗ 4 − 𝑅𝐵 ∗ 8 = 0
∴ 𝑅𝐵 = 0.5 𝑘𝑁 ↑
∴ 𝑅𝐴 = 1 − 0.5 = 0.5 𝑘𝑁 ↑

Now we consider about joint “A”

∑ 𝐹𝑌 = 0 ↑ (+𝒗𝒆)
3
𝐹𝐴𝐶 ∗ + 0.5 = 0
5
∴ 𝐹𝐴𝐶 = −0.833 𝑘𝑁 (𝐶)
∑ 𝐹𝑋 = 0 → (+𝒗𝒆)
4
𝐹𝐴𝐶 ∗ + 𝐹𝐴𝐵 = 0
5
∴ 𝐹𝐴𝐵 = 0.666 𝑘𝑁 (𝑇)

We get,
𝐹𝐵𝐶 = 𝐹𝐴𝐶 = −0.833 𝑘𝑁 (𝐶)

14
For Vertical virtual load:
𝑈𝑃𝐿
∆𝐶𝑉1 = ∑
𝐴𝐸
1 ∗ 1 000 000
= {2 ∗ 0.666 ∗ 8 + 2.5 ∗ (−0.833) ∗ 5 + (−2.5) ∗ (−0.833) ∗ 5}
400 ∗ 200 ∗ 106
1
= {10.656 − 10.4125 + 10.4125}
80000
= 0.000133 𝑚
= 0.133 𝑚𝑚

We know for Fabrication error

∆𝐶𝑉2 = ∑ 𝑈∆𝐿

= 0.66 ∗ (−5)
= −3.33 𝑚𝑚

Resultant of vertical displacement at C point

∆𝐶𝑉 = ∆𝐶𝑉1 + ∆𝐶𝑉2

= 0.133 + (−3.33)

= −3.20 𝑚𝑚

Displacement will be upward.

For Horizontal virtual load:

𝑈𝑃𝐿
∆𝐶𝐻1 = ∑
𝐴𝐸
1 ∗ 1 000 000
= {2 ∗ 8 ∗ 0.5 + 2.5 ∗ 5 ∗ 0.625 + (−2.5) ∗ 5 ∗ (−0.625)}
400 ∗ 200 ∗ 106
8
=
400 ∗ 200
= 0.1 𝑚𝑚

∆𝐶𝐻2 = ∑ 𝑈∆𝐿

= 0.5 ∗ (−5)

= −2.5 𝑚𝑚

∆𝐶𝐻 = ∆𝐶𝐻1 + ∆𝐶𝐻2

= 0.1 − 2.5
= −2.4 𝑚𝑚
Displacement will be leftward.

15
Example 06:
Determine the deflection and slope at point B. E=200Gpa, I=500X103 mm4

Solution:
Taking moment at a-a section:
∑ 𝑀𝑎−𝑎 = 0 +
𝑥
10 ∗ 𝑥 ∗ +𝑀 =0
2
∴ 𝑀 = −5𝑥 2

For vertical load:

∑ 𝑀𝑎−𝑎 = 0 +

1∗𝑥+𝑚=0
𝑚 = −𝑥

For Slope:
∑ 𝑀𝑎−𝑎 = 0 +

−1 + 𝑀𝜃 = 0
∴ 𝑀𝜃 = 1 𝐾𝑁 − 𝑚

We know that,
For deflection at “B”
𝐿
𝑀𝑚
∆𝑉𝐵 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥
0 𝐸𝐼
10
1 −5𝑥 2 ∗ (−𝑥)
= ∫ 𝑑𝑥
500 ∗ 106 1
∗ 200 ∗ 106 0
1012
1 5𝑥 4
= [ ]
100000 4

= 0.125𝑚

∆𝑉𝐵 = 0.125𝑚 ↓ (Deflection downward)

16
For Slope:
𝐿
𝑚𝜃 𝑀
𝜃𝐵 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥
0 𝐸𝐼
10
1
= ∫ −1 ∗ 5𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
200 ∗ 500 0

−1 5𝑥 3
= [ ]
1,000,000 3
1
= [5 ∗ 103 − 0]
300,000
= 0.0166 𝑟𝑎𝑑
∴ 𝜃𝐵 = 0.0166 𝑟𝑎𝑑

Example 07:

Determine the deflection and slope at point C. Given data 𝐸 = 200𝐺𝑝𝑎, 𝐼 = 500 ∗ 106 𝑚𝑚4

Solution:
For Real Load
Taking moment at point A
∑ 𝑀𝐴 = 0 +

𝑅𝐵 ∗ 10 − 10 ∗ 10 ∗ 5 = 0
∴ 𝑅𝐵 = 50 𝐾𝑁 ↑

And, 𝑅𝐴 = 10 ∗ 10 − 50 = 50 𝑘𝑁 ↑

Now taking moment at section a-a

∑ 𝑀𝑎−𝑎 = 0 +
𝑥12
50 ∗ 𝑥1 − 𝑀1 − 10 ∗ =0
2
𝑀1 = (−𝑥12 + 10𝑥1 )5
∴ 𝑀1 = −5(𝑥12 − 10𝑥1 )

17
∑ 𝑀𝑏−𝑏 = 0 +
(5 + 𝑥2 )2
50 ∗ (5 + 𝑥2 ) − 𝑀2 − 10 ∗ =0
2
250 + 50𝑥2 − 5(25 + 10𝑥2 + 𝑥2 2 ) = 𝑀2
250 + 50𝑥2 − 125 − 50𝑥2 − 5𝑥2 2 = 𝑀2
∴ 𝑀2 = 125 − 5𝑥2 2

For deflection,
∑ 𝑀𝑎−𝑎 = 0 +
0.5 ∗ 𝑥1 = 𝑚1
∴ 𝑚1 = 0.5𝑥1
∑ 𝑀𝑏−𝑏 = 0 +
0.5(5 + 𝑥2 ) − 𝑚2 − 1 ∗ 𝑥2 = 0
∴ 𝑚2 = 2.5 − 0.5𝑥2
For Slope Calculation:
∑ 𝑀𝐴 = 0 +
1 − 𝑅𝐵 ∗ 10 = 0
∴ 𝑅𝐵 = 0.1 𝑘𝑁 ↑
∴ 𝑅𝐴 = 0.1 𝑘𝑁 ↓

∑ 𝑀𝑎−𝑎 = 0 +
−0.1 ∗ 𝑥1 − 𝑚𝜃1 = 0
𝑚𝜃1 = −0.1𝑥1

∑ 𝑀𝑏−𝑏 = 0 +
0.1(5 + 𝑥2 ) + 1 − 𝑚𝜃2 = 0
𝑚𝜃2 = 0.5 − 0.1𝑥2

So,
𝐿
𝑚𝜃 𝑀
∆𝜃𝐶 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥
0 𝐸𝐼
5 5
𝑚𝜃1 𝑀1 𝑚𝜃2 𝑀2
=∫ 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑑𝑥
0 𝐸𝐼 0 𝐸𝐼
5 5
1
= {∫ 0.1𝑥1 ∗ (50𝑥1 − 5𝑥1 2 )𝑑𝑥 + ∫ (. 5 − 0.1𝑥2 ) ∗ (125 − 5𝑥2 2 )𝑑𝑥 }
𝐸𝐼 0 0

5 5
1
= {∫ (5𝑥1 2 + .5𝑥1 3 )𝑑𝑥 + ∫ (62.5 − 2.5𝑥2 2 − 12.5𝑥2 + .5𝑥23 )𝑑𝑥 }
𝐸𝐼 0 0

1 5𝑥1 3 . 5𝑥1 4 2.5𝑥2 3 12.5𝑥2 2 . 5𝑥2 4

= {[ + ] + [62.5 − − + ]}
200 ∗ 500 3 4 3 2 4

= −0.00245 𝑟𝑎𝑑

18
We know that,
𝐿
𝑀𝑚
∆𝑉𝐶 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥
0 𝐸𝐼
5 5
𝑚1 𝑀1 𝑚2 𝑀2
=∫ 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑑𝑥
0 𝐸𝐼 0 𝐸𝐼
5 5
1
= {∫ −5(𝑥12 − 10𝑥1 ) ∗ 0.5𝑥1 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ (2.5 − 0.5𝑥2 ) ∗ (125 − 5𝑥2 2 )𝑑𝑥 }
𝐸𝐼 0 0
5 5
1
= {∫ (−2.5𝑥1 3 + 25𝑥1 2 )𝑑𝑥 + ∫ (312.5 − 62.5𝑥2 − 12.5𝑥2 2 + 2.5𝑥2 3 )𝑑𝑥)}
200 ∗ 500 0 0
1
= [651.04 + (−598.95)]
100000
= 5.208 ∗ 10−3 𝑚 = 5.208 𝑚𝑚 ↓ (Deflection downward)
(Answer)

19