Set LGW Mode on eNB

March 2018

Version 1.2
About This Document
This document provides options for and guidance on configuring the local gateway (LGW)
mode on a Baicells eNodeB (eNB). The information is intended for installers and network
administrators responsible for setting up the eNB for communications in a Baicells network.

Copyright Notice
Baicells Technologies, Inc., copyrights the information in this document. No part of this
document may be reproduced in any form or means without the prior written consent of
Baicells Technologies, Inc. The Baicells logo is a proprietary trademark of Baicells Technologies,
Inc. Other trademarks mentioned in this document belong to their owners.

Disclaimer
All products, services, and features bought from Baicells Technologies, Inc., are subject to the
constraints of the company's business contract and terms. All or part of the products, services,
or features described in this document might not be your specific Baicells network. Unless
stated in the contract, Baicells Technologies, Inc., does not make any explicit or default
statement or guarantee about the contents of this document.

Unless stated otherwise, this document serves only as a user guide, and all
descriptions/information/suggestions mean no guarantee, neither explicit nor implicit.

The information in this document is subject to change at any time without notice. For more
information, please consult with a Baicells technical engineer or the support team. Refer to
the “Contact Us” section.

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Revision Record
Date Version Description Contributors/SMEs Author/Editor
2-Mar-2018 V1.2 Updated preface and Cameron Kilton Sharon Redfoot
published
18-Dec-2017 V1.1 Draft-2 Nitisha Poshi Sharon Redfoot
1-May-2017 V1.0 Draft-1 Panda Xie

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Contact Us
Baicells Technologies Co., Ltd.
China North America
Address: 3F, Bldg. A, No. 1 Kai Tuo Rd, Address: 555 Republic Dr., #200, Plano, TX
Haidian Dist, Beijing, China 75074, USA
Phone: +86-10-62607100 Phone: +1-888-502-5585
Email: sales_na@Baicells.com or
E-mail: contact@Baicells.com
support_na@Baicells.com
Website: www.Baicells.com Website: https://na.Baicells.com

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Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................... 1

2. LGW MODES .............................................................................................................................. 1

2.1 NAT MODE ................................................................................................................................ 2

2.2 BRIDGE MODE ............................................................................................................................ 3
2.3 ROUTER MODE............................................................................................................................ 4

List of Figures
FIGURE 2-1: LGW SETTINGS ........................................................................................................................... 1
FIGURE 2-2: NAT MODE EXAMPLE................................................................................................................... 2
FIGURE 2-3: NAT MODE ICMP PING ............................................................................................................... 2
FIGURE 2-4: NAT MODE CONFIGURATION ......................................................................................................... 3
FIGURE 2-5: LAYER 2 BRIDGE MODE EXAMPLE ................................................................................................... 3
FIGURE 2-6: BRIDGE MODE CONFIGURATION ..................................................................................................... 4
FIGURE 2-7: ROUTER MODE ........................................................................................................................... 4
FIGURE 2-8: ROUTER MODE CONFIGURATION .................................................................................................... 5
FIGURE 2-9: IMSI-TO-IP BINDING ................................................................................................................... 5

List of Tables
TABLE 2-1: ROUTER MODE CONFIGURATION ...................................................................................................... 5

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1. Introduction
The Baicells eNodeB (eNB) splits the data plane and the control plane, so there are two IP
addresses per user equipment (UE). The data plane is sent out the local gateway (LGW), while
the control plane is routed through an IPSec tunnel to the Cloud Evolved Packet Core (EPC).
Most manufacturers do not split the two planes and all traffic is sent through a hardware EPC.
You have that option with Baicells as well, but anyone using the CloudCore EPC uses LGW. This
document discusses the different LGW modes and how to configure each one.

2. LGW Modes
In the eNodeB (eNB) GUI, if you enable a local gateway (LGW) you can configure the LGW mode
as either Network Address Translation (NAT), Router, or Bridge (Figure 2-1). Each of these
modes is explained in this section.
NOTE 1: The illustrations use the term, Customer Premise Equipment (CPE), to
mean user equipment.
NOTE 2: If you change the LGW Mode setting, you will need to reboot the eNB,
which will temporarily disrupt service to all user equipment (UE) currently attached.

Figure 2-1: LGW Settings

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2.1 NAT Mode
In NAT mode, the eNB uses Source Network Address Transfer (SNAT) and changes the UE’s IP
address to the eNB’s WAN IP address. An example is given in Figure 2-2.
Figure 2-2: NAT Mode Example

In this example we use a URL address such as https://[IP Address]:[Port] to access the UE’s
Web GUI, where:
• The [IP Address] is the eNB’s IP address.
• The [Port] is a number with the format 5XXXX, where XXXX is the last 4 digits of
theUE’s International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI).

By default, the UE’s Web GUI https port is 433. Please do not change this value on the UE.

In this setup, an Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) ping from the UE will flow as shown
in Figure 2-3.
Figure 2-3: NAT Mode ICMP Ping

To configure NAT mode, enter the interface binding as WAN or PPPoE; the IP pool as 10.10.0.1;
and the IP pool netmask from 10.10.0.1 to 10.10.0.254 (Figure 2-4).

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Figure 2-4: NAT Mode Configuration

2.2 Bridge Mode

In Layer 2 Bridge mode, the eNB creates a virtual interface for every UE that attaches. Each
virtual interface makes a DHCP request and creates a 1:1 mapping between the UE IP (from
the Cloud EPC) and the LGW IP. Most operators use bridge mode. In older versions of code,
NAT was the default.

With Layer 2 bridging, the UE’s MAC address is generated from its IMSI number. To calculate
the UE MAC address, convert the last 12 digits of the IMSI number to hex, and then prefix it
with “8A”. For example, if the IMSI is 311980000002918 you would convert the last 12 digits
to hex, which would be “E42C8D5366” and preclude that with 8A: 8A:E4:2C:8D:53:66. Once
you know the MAC address, you can provision your network accordingly.

Reference the flowchart example in Figure 2-5. The PC uses the UE’s local IP address to access
the Web GUI, e.g., https://192.168.1.101.
Figure 2-5: Layer 2 Bridge Mode Example

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To configure Bridge mode, simply select Bridge as the LGW mode and select either WAN or
PPPoE for the interface binding.
Figure 2-6: Bridge Mode Configuration

2.3 Router Mode

In Router mode, the interface that the LGW uses to offload data is the WAN interface of the
eNB, e.g., eth2. When the UE attaches, the LGW will assign a local IP address to the UE from
an IP pool (and netmask), which you configure, e.g., https://10.10.0.10. You can enable static
IP addressing and identify the range of IP addresses available. You can also bind a specific static
IP to a specific UE/IMSI. See an example in Figure 2-7.
Figure 2-7: Router Mode

To configure Router mode, enter the parameters shown in Figure 2-8 and described in Table
2-1.

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Figure 2-8: Router Mode Configuration

Table 2-1: Router Mode Configuration

Field Name Description
LGW Enable
LGW Mode Router
LGW Interface Binding The interface that the LGW uses to offload data. Should be set to
the WAN interface of the eNB. The default value is eth2.
LGW IP Pool When the UE attaches, the LGW will assign a local IP address to
the UE from this IP pool. The first IP address of a subnet is
10.10.0.1.
LGW IP Pool Netmask This is the LGW IP Pool netmask. The default value is
255.255.255.0. If you add 10.10.0. and 255.255.255.0, there will
be 255 IP address in the pool, from 10.10.0.1 to 10.10.0.255.
Static Address If enabled, you will see the next 2 fields.
Configure Static Configure the first and last static address in the range that may
Address Range be used. All static IMSI to IP binding addresses must be set within
this range. Otherwise, there will be a Web page error.
IMSI to IP Binding You can bind a local IP address with an IMSI here. Input the IMSI
and IP address, and then select the ADD button. You will see that
a new record has been added. After binding the IMSI and IP
address, when this UE/IMSI attaches it will always get the
specific IP address that was added (Figure 2-9).

Figure 2-9: IMSI-to-IP Binding

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For guidance on setting the LGW to router mode, please refer to the real-world example on
the Baicells website: https://community.na.baicells.com/t/enb-basestation-lgw-router-mode-
configuration-example/89