A beautiful gift to humanity:

We should not distort it

A.P.J Abdul Kalam

The aim of science is to develop inquiring minds and curiosity, acquire knowledge,
conceptual understanding and skills to solve problems and make informed decisions

Life is incredibly varied, yet based on common processes. Intrinsic motivation arises
from a desire to learn a topic due to its inherent interests, for self-fulfilment,
enjoyment and to achieve a mastery of the subject.

Academic Window 2018-19 is planned as a skill-based questionnaire that

emphasizes on thinking skills, experimental skills and application skills.

It consists of the following units– Index, Exam wise syllabus, Glossary, Chapter
names and sample papers for Tests and Exams

This is composed and compiled on the basis of the latest syllabus prescribed by
CBSE and will be updated as and when required .

Design and Conceptualization by

Anubha Kalra
Sr. Supervisor ICT

Content Development by
Ms. Nithya Sunith & Ms. Veani Sharma
RnR Science Department

Graphic Designing by
Mohamed Fareeth
ICT Department
 GLOSSARY

HAD AN IDEA - Conceptual

NEARLY THERE - Understanding

NAILED IT! - Application

VALUE BASED

CHALLENGE YOURSELF!!

MONTH-WISE SYLLABUS
S.NO CHAPTERS MONTH

3. Reproduction in Plants November

 Time Management
Don’t say you don’t have time— learn to work smarter.
Type of Question Maximum Time Taken PERIODIC TEST HYRLY/ YRLY EXAM
(for each answer) (No. of Ques. × Time taken)
1 Mark 2 Minutes 3 × 2 = 6 minutes 4 × 2 = 8 minutes

2 Mark 4 Minutes 4 × 4 = 16 minutes 6× 3 = 18 minutes

3 Mark 6 Minutes 3 × 6 = 18 minutes 8 × 4 = 32 minutes

4 Mark 8 Minutes 2 × 8 = 16 minutes 10 × 5 = 50 minutes

TOTAL TIME TAKEN 12 Questions = 56 minutes 28 Ques.=1hr 48 min.

TIME LEFT FOR REVISION 14 minutes 42 minutes

PLAN, PREPARE, PERFORM...

The S.C.I.E.N.C.E.
Behind a Successful Dipsite!
Safety is my priority
Calmness of mind I keep
Intellectual and unique in my presentation
Exam fear I have not!
Never distract or get distracted
Concepts are clear
Extraordinary and exemplar
 Reproduction in Plants

• Reproduction is the biological process of all

organisms giving rise to new organisms similar
to themselves.
• Reproduction is the characteristic of all living
organisms to maintain their population.

Fig. Reproduction in plants and animals

give rise to similar offsprings

Modes of reproduction
Plants follow two modes of reproduction

• Asexual reproduction – The type of reproduction in which new or-

ganisms are produced by plants without seeds. Fig. Asexual reproduction

• Sexual reproduction- The type of reproduction in which new organisms develops from seeds.
• The body of plants consists of two parts – 1) Vegetative part 2) reproductive part
 Vegetative parts involve root, stems, buds
and leaves and all other parts except flow-
ers.

Fig. Vegetative parts of plants

 Reproductive parts involve the flowers.
 Sexual reproduction takes place through flowers.
 Flowers have either both male and female parts in the same flower or male or female parts in
separate flowers.

Types of asexual reproduction:

Vegetative Propagation-

• When vegetative parts give rise to new plants, this type of reproduction is called as vegetative
propagation.
• If a branch of a plant is cut with a node and watered every day, roots and new leaves come out.
Nodes are the parts of the stem or branch at which a leaf arises.
• Flower buds and vegetative buds having short stems around which immature overlapping can give
rise to a new plant. The buds which are present in the point of attachment of the leaf at the
nodes are called vegetative buds.
• Scars present in potato called as eyes can give rise to new organisms.
• Bryophyllum can give rise to new plant from the buds present in the margin of leaves.
• Sweet potato and dahlia can give rise to new plants from roots.
• Fig. dahlia
• In cactus, new plants are produced when the parts of the plant get detached from the main plant
body and each part can give rise to a new organism.

Fig. Eyes in potato Fig. Bryophyllum Fig. dahlia

Budding:
• In unicellular organism’s small bulb like projections called buds come out
from the body of organisms.
• The bud grows like a chain and detaches from the parent body to form a new
organism.
• The new detached cell grows and matures and becomes a new organism.
Fig. Budding

Fragmentation:
• The organisms break down into many fragments.
• The fragments grow into a new organism.
• Example -Spirogyra, a slimy green alga.
Fig. Fragmentation in spirogyra
Spore formation-
•

Sexual reproduction
•

Fig. parts of a flower Fig. Mustard flower Fig. Corn flower

Pollination
•

•
• If the pollens are transferred to the stigma of the same flower it is called self-pollination.
• If the pollens are transferred to the different flowers of the same plant or flowers of a different
plant of the same kind it is called cross pollination.

Fertilization
• Fertilization is the process of fusion of pollen, the male gamete and egg, the female gamete.
• Fertilization results in the formation of a zygote.
• Zygote is one celled stage of an individual which divides to form embryo.

Fruit and seed formation

• After formation of embryo, the parts of the flower fall off except the ovary.
• Ovary ripens into fruits.
• Ovules develop into seeds and seeds contain embryo.
• After formation, different fruits show different features.
• For example, mangoes and apples are fleshy and juicy fruits whereas almonds and walnuts are
hard fruits.

Seed dispersal
• Seeds of a plant get dispersed to different places and form different plants at different places.
• Seeds are dispersed by water, wind and animals.
• Wind blow off the winged seeds of drumsticks, light seeds of grasses, hairy seeds of oak and
hairy fruit of sunflower.
• Castor and balsam seeds disperse far when the fruit disperse burst with sudden jerks.

Advantages of seed dispersal

• Seed dispersal prevents competition between the plant and it is own seedling for sunlight, water
and nutrients.
• Plants can acquire new habitat by seed dispersal and distribute widely.

Fig. Fleshy and juicy mango Fig. Hard almond Fig. Seed dispersal
12.1: MODES OF REPRODUCTION

HAD AN IDEA
1. How many parents are involved in asexual reproduction? (1)

2. Fungus, moss and fern reproduce by a common method of asexual reproduction. Name the
method. (1)

3. Spores are asexual reproductive bodies which are protected by a hard coat.
a) What is the use of the hard coat?
b) Name two species which reproduce by this method.
(3)

4. Identify the given mode of Asexual reproduction and write its name in the space provided.
(4)

a) _________________________

b) _________________________

c) _________________________

d) _________________________

NEARLY THERE
5) State the advantages of vegetative reproduction. (3)
NAILED IT !
12.2: SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

HAD AN IDEA
1)In the diagram given in Figure below label the parts marked (a), (b) and (c). (3)

2) Identify the diagrams below and write two differences between them. (2)

3)How do horticulturists grow flowers of different colors on a single rose plant? (2)

4) Categorize the following flowers into asexual and bisexual

Papaya, Rose, corn, mustard.

NEARLY THERE
5)Which of the following parts of a plant take part in sexual reproduction? (1)
(i) Flower (ii) Seed (iii) Fruit (iv) Branch

6)A flower may have either male or female reproductive parts. Such flower is called ------
----------- (1)
7)Which type of pollination does the Figure indicate?

8)What is the difference between an - (2)

i) ovary and an ovule?
ii) fertilization and pollination.

9)Identify the agents of pollination for the given below plants (2)

10) a. After pollination and fertilization in a flower, most often all the parts of the flower
fall off except one. (3)
a) Which is the part? What does it develop into?
b. Which is the fastest method of increasing the number of plants?

11)In the diagram of flower given below: (5)

a) Where is the female gamete or egg formed?
b) Which part of the plant contains pollen grains?
c) Name the part of the flower that forms the fruit
d) Name the part of the flower that forms the
seed ?
NAILED IT !

12.3 FRUITS AND SEED FORMATION

HAD AN IDEA

Agent through which seeds are Part of or seed which helps in

S.NO Name of Fruit-bearing plant.
disbursed. disbursal.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
NAILED IT !
2)Give reasons (3)
a. Insects prove very beneficial to flowering plants.
b. Only one plant of mint is required for a garden full of mint.
c. Seeds must go far from the parent plants

12.4: SEED DISPERSAL

HAD AN IDEA
1)Give two examples of seeds which are dispersed by wind.
(2)

2)Seed dispersal takes place by means (give two examples) (2)

3)Seeds of drumstick and maple are carried to long distances by wind because they pos-
sess. (1)
(a) winged seeds (b) large and hairy seeds (c) long and ridged fruits
(d) spiny seeds

4) Difference between insect and wind pollinated flower? (2)

NAILED IT !
5) Coconut is a large and heavy fruit. How is it adapted for dispersal by water?
(3)

Work Requires More

Work Well Done Work Adequately
Practice and Effort
Attempted
And Presented