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(Women) subordination.
The term women’s subordination refers to the
inferior position of women, their lack of access to
resources and decision making etc. and to the
patriarchal domination that women are subjected
to in most societies. So, women subordination
means the inferior position of women to men.
The feeling of powerlessness, discrimination and
experience of limited self-esteem and self-
confidence jointly contribute to the subordination
of women. Thus, women subordination is a
situation, where a power relationship exists and
men dominate women. The subordination of
women is a central feature of all structures of
interpersonal domination, but feminists choose
different locations and causes of subordination. 4
ents/article/nArt/A5_12929-47213-1-PB.pdf
3
Ibid. on 15 December 2016
4 5
SULTANA, A. Patriarchy and Women's United Nations Human Rights website:
Subordination: A theoretical Analysis. http://www.ohchr.org/EN/Issues/Women/
Retrieved from WRGS/Pages/GenderStereotypes.aspx.
http://www.bdresearch.org/home/attachm Retrieved on 15 December 2016.
by | ATTY. ODESSA GRACE E. GONZAGA 2
[NOTES ON GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT] December 15, 2016
1. Family
2. Education
3. Mass media
4. Religion 7
Gender and Development - Historical
5. State
Background. Retrieved from
http://www.aquaknow.net/en/gender-
GENDER & DEVELOPMENT water-and-development/15666 on 15
DEcember 2016.
8
The United Nations Charter of 1945 and the Trends and Approaches in Gender and
Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948 Development (2007) Gender Equality Tem,
established the first official worldwide recognition Planning and Coordination Department.
of women’s equality and non-discrimination on Retrieved from
https://www.jica.go.jp/english/our_work/t
6
West, C. & Zimmerman, D. H. (1987). hematic_issues/gender/background/pdf/re
"Doing gender" (PDF). Gender and Society. port4.pdf on 15 DEcember 2016.
by | ATTY. ODESSA GRACE E. GONZAGA 3
[NOTES ON GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT] December 15, 2016
GENDER MAINSTREAMING
Gender mainstreaming was established as a
major global strategy for the promotion of
gender equality in the Beijing Platform for Action
from the Fourth United Nations World Conference
on Women in Beijing in 1995.9
9
Gender Mainstreaming: An Overview.
(2002). United Nations Women Watch.
Retrieved from
http://www.un.org/womenwatch/osagi/pdf
/e65237.pdf on 15 December 2016.
10
Reeves, supra.
by | ATTY. ODESSA GRACE E. GONZAGA 4