EXPERIMENT 6

REACTION AND ANALYSIS OF GROUP III CATIONS

IONS NH4OH Excess NH4CI (NH4)2S NaOH Excess Na2O2 or

NH4OH and NaOH H2O2
NH4OH
Zn3+ White ppt Colorless soluble White White ppt Soluble no action
sol’n metallic colorless
ppt Sol’n
Al3+ White insoluble White White White Soluble No
gelatinous gelatinous gelatinous gelatinous Colorless action
ppt ppt ppt ppt sol’n
Cr3+ Grayish insoluble Grayish Grayish Graying Soluble Yellow
green ppt green ppt green ppt green ppt green sol’n
sol’n
Fe3+ Reddish insoluble Reddish Black ppt Reddish insoluble No
brown brown brown action
ppt ppt ppt
Fe2+ White to insoluble soluble Black ppt White to insoluble Reddish
green to green to brown
brown brown ppt
ppt ppt
Mn2+ White ppt insoluble soluble Flesh or White ppt insoluble Brown
oxidized salmon oxidized ppt
to light ppt to light
brown brown
ppt ppt
Ni+2 Green Blue soluble Black ppt Apple insoluble Green
basic salt sol’n green ppt ppt with
H2O2 no
oxidation
with
Na2O2
Co+2 Blue basic Dirty soluble Black ppt Blue ppt insoluble Brown or
salt yellow on black ppt
sol’n warming
pink ppt.

| Jamille Sucaldito 1F PH
 EXPERIMENT 6
CONFIRMATORY TEST OF GROUP III CATIONS

IONS REAGENTS Color and Nature

Zn2+ a. K4Fe(CN)6 White ppt
b. Rinmann’s Green Test Green ash
Co(NO3)2 ,NH4OH
Al3+ a. Aluminon Test White gelatinous ppt
NH4OH , Aluminon to red lake with
aluminon
b. Thenard’s Blue Test Blue Ash
NH4OH , Co(NO3)2
Cr3+ NaOH, H2O2 or Na2O2 Yellow sol’n
a. AgNO3 Brownish red ppt
b. BaCl2 Yellow ppt
c. (CH3COO)2Pb, HAc Yellow ppt
Fe3+ a. Volhard’s Test Blood Red Sol’n
KSCN
b. K4Fe(CN)6 Prussian Blue ppt.
c. K3Fe(CN)6 Brown ppt.
Fe2+ a. KSCN No Reaction
b. K4Fe(CN)6 White to blue ppt
c. K3Fe(CN)6 Turnbull’s blue ppt
Mn2+ a. Volhard’s Test Purple sol’n
HNO3 , NaBiO3
Ni2+ a. NH4OH, (C4H7N2O2) Cherry Red ppt
Co2+ a. KNO2 , HAc Yellow ppt

| Jamille Sucaldito 1F PH
 EXPERIMENT 7
REACTIONS AND ANALYSIS OF GROUP IV CATIONS

Reagents Ba2+ Ca2+ Mg2+ Sr2+

Flame Test Yellowish Green Brick Red Colorless Crimson Red or
Carmine Red
(NH4)2CO3 White ppt White ppt w/ Alcohol White ppt
NH4Cl, C2H5OH w/o Alcohol
K2CrO4 Yellow ppt Soluble ppt in Soluble Yellow ppt
95% ethanol alcohol
CH3COOH Insoluble Insoluble soluble Soluble
K 2C 2O 4 White ppt White ppt soluble White ppt
CH3COOH soluble soluble soluble insoluble
(NH4)2SO4 White ppt Ppt w/ alcohol Very soluble White ppt
HCl Insoluble Soluble Very Soluble Soluble in
Boiling H2O
Na2HPO4, White White White White
NH4OH Amorphous ppt amorphous ppt Crystalline ppt Amorphous ppt

EXPERIMENT 8
REACTIONS AND ANALYSIS OF GROUP V CATIONS

Li+ Crimson or Na+ Intense Yellow

Carmine Red KH2SbO4 White
H2SO4 NO ppt Crystalline ppt
Na2HPO4 White ppt ZnUo2 White
HCl Soluble (CH3COO)4 Crystalline ppt
NH4OH Soluble

K+ Violet NH4+ Colorless

Na3Co(NO2)6 White K2HgI4 Orange Red or
Crystalline ppt Brownish Red ppt
H2C4H4O6 White NaOH, Heat NH3 gas w/
Crystalline ppt ammoniacal odor
Red Litmus Turns to Blue
Paper Litmus Paper

| Jamille Sucaldito 1F PH
 EXPERIMENT 4
REACTIONS AND ANALYSIS OF GROUP I CATIONS

Hg22+ Ag+ Pb2+

Reagents Color and Nature
HCl White curdy ppt White curdy to grey White Crystalline ppt
ppt
+Boiling water Insoluble insoluble Soluble Colorless
Sol’n
With excess White and Black ppt Soluble Insoluble
NH4OH
NH4OH White and Black ppt White ppt White ppt
With excess NH4OH Insoluble Soluble Insoluble
NaOH Black ppt White to brown ppt White amorphous
ppt
With excess Insoluble Insoluble Soluble
NaOH
K2CrO4 Orange red ppt Brownish red ppt Yellow ppt
With excess NaOH Insoluble Insoluble Soluble
KI Greenish Yellow ppt Canary Yellow ppt Yellow ppt
With excess KI Colorless sol’n w/ insoluble Insoluble
black ppt
H2SO4 White ppt White ppt White ppt
H2S Black ppt Black ppt Black ppt

| Jamille Sucaldito 1F PH