PC Composite and PSC Box Girder Bridge Design Modeling Features

Poland
2015
MIDAS
TECH TALK
PC Composite and PSC Box Girder Bridge Design
HyeYeon Lee midas IT

Poland
2015 Poland
MIDAS
TECH TALK
PC Composite and PSC Box Girder Bridge Design 2015
HyeYeon Lee midas IT

Poland
1. PC Composite Girder Bridge Design
2. Modeling Features of PSC Box Girder
3. Practical Analysis and Design of PSC Box Girder
2015
Modeling of Composite Girder
Grillage Beam Model
Plate + Beam Model All Plate Model
MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. 4

Structural Analysis for Grillage Bridge
What is grillage model

Structure is idealized as a number of
longitudinal and transverse beam
elements in a single plane, rigidly
interconnected at nodes.
Grillage mesh
(a) Grid of longitudinal and transverse
beams
(b) Longitudinal beams at center a little less
than lane width
(c) Deck with contiguous beam
(d) Two longitudinal members per larger
beam

Modeling of Grillage Model
Spacing of Transverse Beams

1/4~1/8 of the effective span
Generally 1.5 times of the spacing of the longitudinal members
Spacing of Longitudinal Beams
1/4~1/10 of the effective span
Less than 2d or 3d
Direction of Transverse Beams

Modeling of Cross Frame
Flexural stiffness (Iyy)
Grillage Modeling Separate model for calculating Iyy
Shear area (Asz)
Grillage Modeling Separate model for calculating Asz

Modeling of Grillage Model
Torsionless Design
Torsion constants of PC I-girder: 1/10 of bending inertias

Torsion constants of steel composite girder: 1/60 of bending inertias
=> Simplify model by ignoring torsion effect in a safe manner
PC I-Girder Steel Plate Girder

Modeling of 3D Model
Types of 3D model
(1) All Plate model

(2) Deck (Plate element) + Girder (Beam element)
(3) Deck (Plate element) + Girder top & bottom flange (Beam element) + Girder web
(Plate element)
Plate + Beam Model All Plate Model

Modeling of 3D Model
Purpose of Bracing
(1) Assists construction

(2) Restrain the bottom flange where they are in compression near
intermediate supports
Bracing type
Single Beam
X-Bracing
K-Bracing

Modeling 3D Model
Advantage of 3D Model
(1) Automatically account for shear lag (dependent on the fineness of the mesh)
(2) Concrete slab that is cracked in longitudinal tension can be modeled
(3) Effective moment, shear, axial force on composite beam section can be
determined from the stresses
(4) Verification buckling resistance is available.
(5) Large displacement analysis is available.
(6) More realistic model by considering bracing
Local Direction Force Sum

Modeling of Composite Girder Bridge
Comparison between grillage model and 3D model
Items Grillage model 3D model

Analysis Time Short Long
Complex (Resultant force from meshed

Checking the member forces Easy (Beam force diagram)
plate elements)
High accuracy
(Considering Warping stress, shear
Accuracy Less accuracy
force about longitudinal direction in
slab )
Considering either Single beam or 3D
Cross Frame Considering as a Single beam
bracing
Required
Nominal Member (at the end of slab in longitudinal Not required
direction)
Applicable bridge type Beam and Slab type bridge deck only Any type of bridges
Transverse beam Required Not required
Torsionless Design Optional Not required

Various Section Properties
 Composite Sections

Quick Generation of General Composite Section

Modeling of Composite Girder
Composite I-Girder Composite Section for Construction Stage

Three Modeling Method for Composite Section
Method 1 Method 2 Method 3

Sequential Analysis + Sequential Analysis + Composite Action
Accurate Time Dependent Material Long-term Modular Ratio of 3n without Sequential Analysis

Tendon Template

Tendon Template
Easily Generated Tendon Profile
Tendon Template Tendon Profile
 Add
 AutoGeneration
PSC Value sections UK code DB
( UK-M, UK-SY, UK-TY, UK-TYE,
UK-U, UK-Y, UK-YE )

Considering Reinforcement of Deck in Analysis and Design

Resultant Force Diagram

Steel Composite Girder Bridge Wizard
Layout : Defining the basic geometry of a bridge

• Girder Type and Modeling Type
• Bridge Alignment
• Span
• Substructure
• Boundary Condition
Section : Defining the section and location of deck, bracing and girder
• Transverse deck element
• Bracing
• Girder
Load : Defining the Dead and live Load conditions
• Before and after composite dead loads
• Live loads
Construction Stage : Defining the detailed construction sequence

• Construction stage
• Reinforcement of Deck

Composite Steel Tub model
All Plate
Deck as Plate
Deck & Web as Plate
Construction Stage
with Deck pouring Sequence
Tapered Girder section
Different Support Skew and bracing type

Optimized Design as per EN1992-2
Enter the Partial Factors and Parameters
Select the desired Ultimate Limit States
MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. Select the desired Service Limit States 23



Design Parameter Shear Resistance

2. Modeling Features for Practical Analysis
Bridge Wizard for PSC Box Girder Bridge
Suspension Bridge Wizard
Cable Stayed Bridge Wizard
Segmental Bridge Model Wizard
ILM Bridge Wizard
FCM Bridge Wizard Transverse Analysis Model Wizard
MSS Bridge Wizard PSC Bridge Wizard
FSM Bridge Wizard
Grillage Model Wizard
RC Slab Bridge Wizard
RC Frame/
Box Culvert Wizard

Balanced Cantilever Method Bridge Wizard
Bridge Layout Tapered Sections Tendons

Incremental Launching Method Wizard
Bridge Layout Flange Tendons Web Tendons

Full Staging and Movable Scaffolding Wizard
FSM Wizard MSS Wizard

Transverse Analysis Wizards
Selection Load Tendon

Various Built-in PSC Sections

User Defined Section Generation
Define any sectional shape using SPC

Automatic Generation of Tapered Section

PSC Reinforcement
Longitudinal Reinforcement Shear Reinforcement

 Transformed Section  Strengthening Effect by shear reinforcement
 Confinement Effect by Creep and shear bars
 Considered in PSC Design  Enclosing Stirrup for Torsional Strength

Tendon Profile Generation
• Typical tendon : Defines lumped

representative tendon. Only one
tendon profile is defined at the
centroid of the all the tendons. It is
multiplied with number of tendons at
the time of analysis.
• X Axis Rot Angle: The tendon placed

in the table is rotated about its local
x-axis by the specified angle. Useful
while placing tendons on inclined
webs.

Tendon Profile Generation
Import DXF file

Draw Tendon Import Tendon
through Tendon
Profile using CAD Profile
Profile Generator

Moving Load Tracer
Step 2 Step 3
Step 1
Traffic Line Lane or Standard Vehicle
Moving Load Code Traffic Surface or User-defined
Lane Vehicle

Vehicle Load

Temperature Loads
Seasonal Temperature
- Element Temperature
- System Temperature
- Nodal Temperature
Temperature Variation
- Beam Section Temperature
- Temperature Gradient
Effects of Temperature Distribution and Restraint

Conditions

Time Dependent Materials
Material Code
Eurocode
CEB-FIP (1990)
CEB-FIP (1978)
ACI
PCA
Combined (ACI&PCA)
AASHTO
IRC 18
User Defined
Creep & Shrinkage Compressive Strength

Time Loads for Construction Stage
• Impose Time Load to

specific members to reflect
the time dependent material
properties relative to the
contiguous members.

Bending Moment Diagram for Each Construction Stages
Minimum Bending Moment Maximum Bending Moment

Envelope upon Completion Envelope upon Completion

Primary and Secondary Forces

Node Tip Deflection

Bridge Girder Diagram
Bridge Girder Diagram

PSC Beam Stress Diagram
Sig-xx, Position 9
Sig-xx, Position 1

Tendon Loss Table and Graph

Tendon Stress Limit Check

FCM Camber

Section Properties at Each Stages
Element Properties at Each Stage

- Age of Element
- Elastic Modulus
- Shrinkage Strain
- Creep Coefficient
Beam Section Properties at the Last

Stage
- Transformed Section Properties
- Neutral Axis Position Change

PSC Design Reinforced Concrete Design
EN 1992-2 AASHTO-LRFD02
AASHTO-LRFD08 AASHTO-LFD96
JTG D62-04 ACI318-02

CSA-S6-00
JSCE02
JTJ023-85
KSCE-USD05
IRC:21-2000
KSCE-RAIL-USD04
KCI-USD99
KSCE-USD96
Bridge Load Rating Design
TWN-BRG-LSD90
AASHTO-LRFR
Structural Steel Design
EN 1993-2 (new in 2012)
Composite Plate Girder Design
AASHTO-LRFD02
EN 1994-2 AASHTO-LFD & ASD96
AISC-LRFD2K
SRC Design AISC-LRFD93
AISC-ADS89
SSRC79
BS5950-90
AIJ-SRC01 JTJ025-86
IS:800-2007
JGJI38-01
KSCE-ASD96
AIK-SRC2K
TWN-BRG-LSD90
TWN-SRC92 TWN-BRG-LSD90

PSC Design as per Eurocode2-2:2005
Select Tendon / Bridge / Construction types
Select PSC Design Results

Cross section stress design results table

Design Report (EXCEL compatible)
Design Parameter
Flexural Resistance

Design Report

Thank you!

PC Composite and PSC Box Girder Bridge Design Modeling Features

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Poland

HyeYeon Lee midas IT

HyeYeon Lee midas IT

2. Modeling Features of PSC Box Girder

3. Practical Analysis and Design of PSC Box Girder

Modeling of Composite Girder

Grillage Beam Model

Plate + Beam Model All Plate Model

MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. 4

Structural Analysis for Grillage Bridge

What is grillage model

MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. 5

Modeling of Grillage Model

Spacing of Transverse Beams

Direction of Transverse Beams

MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. 6

Modeling of Cross Frame

Flexural stiffness (Iyy)

Grillage Modeling Separate model for calculating Iyy

Shear area (Asz)

Grillage Modeling Separate model for calculating Asz

MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. 7

Modeling of Grillage Model

Torsion constants of PC I-girder: 1/10 of bending inertias

PC I-Girder Steel Plate Girder

MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. 8

(1) All Plate model

Plate + Beam Model All Plate Model

MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. 9

(1) Assists construction

MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. 10

Local Direction Force Sum

MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. 11

Modeling of Composite Girder Bridge

Comparison between grillage model and 3D model

Items Grillage model 3D model

Complex (Resultant force from meshed

Transverse beam Required Not required

Torsionless Design Optional Not required

MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. 12

Various Section Properties

MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. 13

Quick Generation of General Composite Section

MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. 14

Modeling of Composite Girder

Composite I-Girder Composite Section for Construction Stage

MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. 15

Three Modeling Method for Composite Section

Method 1 Method 2 Method 3

MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. 16

MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. 17

Tendon Template Tendon Profile

MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. 18

Considering Reinforcement of Deck in Analysis and Design

MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. 19

Resultant Force Diagram

MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. 20

Steel Composite Girder Bridge Wizard

Layout : Defining the basic geometry of a bridge

Construction Stage : Defining the detailed construction sequence

MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd. 21

Composite Steel Tub model

Tapered Girder section