What is Trigonometry?

 Trigonometry is the study of triangles by

applying the relations between the sides and the
angles.

 The term “trigonometry” comes from the Greek

words “trigonon” which means “triangle” and
“metria” meaning measurement of triangles.
Two Branches of Trigonometry

1. Plane Trigonometry – deals with triangles in the

two dimensions of the plane.

2. Spherical Trigonometry – concerns with triangles

extracted from the surface of a sphere.
Two General Classifications of Plane Triangles

1. Right Triangle – a triangle that has a right angle.

2. Oblique Triangle – a triangle that does not have

a right angle. Acute triangle and obtuse triangle
are oblique triangles.
Isosceles triangle (triangle with two sides equal
and two angles equal) could be a right triangle or
an oblique triangle.
Solutions to a Plane Right Triangle

By Trigonometric Functions

𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒
𝜃
𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒
Solutions to a Plane Right Triangle

By Pythagorean Theorem
ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒
𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒
𝜃
2 2 2
(ℎ𝑦𝑝. ) = 𝑜𝑝𝑝. + 𝑎𝑑𝑗. 𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒
Solutions to a Plane Right Triangle

Special Triangles
Example:
Solutions to a Plane Oblique Triangle

1. Law of Sines

2. Law of Cosines

3. Law of Tangents
Trigonometric Identities
Trigonometric Identities
Trigonometric Identities
Trigonometric Identities
Exponential Form of the Fundamental Trigonometric Functions
𝑖𝜃 −𝑖𝜃
𝑒 −𝑒
sin 𝜃 =
2𝑖
𝑒 𝑖𝜃 + 𝑒 −𝑖𝜃
cos 𝜃 =
2
−𝑖 𝑒 𝑖𝜃 − 𝑒 −𝑖𝜃
tan 𝜃 =
𝑒 𝑖𝜃 + 𝑒 −𝑖𝜃
Where:
𝑒 = base of the natural logarithm
𝑖 = imaginary unit
Example:
Find the value of θ if tan 4𝜃 = cot 6𝜃.
Solution:
tan 4𝜃 = tan 90° − 6𝜃
4𝜃 = 90° − 6𝜃
10𝜃 = 90°
𝜽 = 𝟗°
Example:
Find the value of θ if sin 2𝜃 = co𝑠 𝜃.
Solution:
2 sin 𝜃 cos 𝜃 = cos 𝜃

1
sin 𝜃 =
2
𝜽 = 𝟑𝟎°
Example:
Find the value of θ if Coversed Sin θ = 0.134
Solution:
𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑑 sin 𝜃 = 1 − sin 𝜃
0.134 = 1 − sin 𝜃
sin 𝜃 = 0.866
𝜽 = 𝟔𝟎°
Example:
Find the value of θ if 𝑐𝑜𝑡ℎ2 𝑥 − 𝑐𝑠𝑐ℎ2 𝑥 = 𝑒𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝜃
Solution:
𝑐𝑜𝑡ℎ2 𝑥 − 𝑐𝑠𝑐ℎ2 = 1
𝑒𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝜃 = sec 𝜃 − 1
1 = sec 𝜃 − 1
sec 𝜃 = 2
1
=2
cos 𝜃
1 = 2 cos 𝜃
1
cos 𝜃 =
2
𝜽 = 𝟔𝟎°
Example:
1 𝜋
Find the value of x if 𝑎𝑟𝑐 tan 𝑥 + 𝑎𝑟𝑐 tan = .
3 4
Solution:
𝑎𝑟𝑐 tan 𝑥 = 𝐴 → tan 𝐴 = 𝑥
1 1
𝑎𝑟𝑐 tan = 𝐵 → tan 𝐵 =
3 𝜋 3
𝐴 + 𝐵 = = 45°
4
tan 𝐴 + 𝐵 = tan 45°
tan 𝐴 + tan 𝐵
=1
1 − tan 𝐴1𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝐵
𝑥+3
=1
1
1 − (𝑥) 3
𝟏
𝒙 = = 𝟎. 𝟓
𝟐
ASSIGNMENT