CAM and AUTOMATION

MCL 431
CAM AND AUTOMATION

Electropneumatic Relay Circuits

Dr. Sunil Jha

suniljha@mech.iitd.ac.in
Office: Block III/156

Sunil Jha, Department of Mechanical Engineering, I.I.T. Delhi 1

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Relay Control Logic

The entire signal processing needs of an
electropneumatic control system can be implemented
with relays.

Now a days programmable logic controllers (PLCs)

are commonly used for signal processing instead of
relay control systems

Relays are still used in modern control systems however,

for example in an EMERGENCY STOP switching device
or for isolation.

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Direct & Indirect Control

The piston rod of a single-acting
cylinder is to be extended when
Direct Control pushbutton S1 is pressed and
retracted when the pushbutton is
released.

If the pushbutton is pressed in an

indirect control system, current
flows through the relay coil.
Indirect Control
Contact K1 of the relay closes,
and the directional control valve
switches.
Sunil Jha, Department of Mechanical Engineering, I.I.T. Delhi 3
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Direct Control of a Single Acting Cyl

Pneumatic Circuit Electrical Circuit

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Indirect Control of a Single Acting Cyl

Pneumatic Circuit Electrical Circuit

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Direct Control of a Double Acting Cyl

Pneumatic Circuit Electrical Circuit

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Indirect Control of a Double Acting Cyl

Pneumatic Circuit Electrical Circuit

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Logical Operations
Combine signals from several control elements through
logic operations.

Parallel Connection
The aim is to trigger extend of the piston rod of a cylinder with two
different input elements, pushbuttons S1 and S2.

Series Connection
In this case the piston rod of a cylinder is to be advanced only if both
pushbuttons, S1 and S2, are pressed.

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OR- Circuit

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AND- Circuit

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Signal Storage
In the circuits that we have looked at so far, the piston
rod only advances as long as the input pushbutton is
actuated.

If the pushbutton is released during the advancing

movement, the piston rod is retracted without having
reached the forward end position.
In practice it is usually necessary for the piston rod to
be fully advanced even if the pushbutton is pressed
only briefly.

Actuation of the pushbutton must be stored.

Sunil Jha, Department of Mechanical Engineering, I.I.T. Delhi 11
CAM and AUTOMATION

Signal Storage
Double Solenoid

A double solenoid valve maintains its switching

position even when the associated solenoid coil
is no longer energized.

It is used as a storage element

The piston rod of a cylinder is to be controlled by brief actuation
of two pushbuttons (S1: advance, S2: retract)
Sunil Jha, Department of Mechanical Engineering, I.I.T. Delhi 12
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Signal Storage

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Automatic Return Stroke

The aim is for the piston rod of a double-acting cylinder
to be advanced when pushbutton S1 is actuated.

When the forward end position is reached, the piston

rod is to return automatically.

Use Double Solenoid and Limit Switch

The prerequisite for the return movement is that

pushbutton S1 must first have been released.

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Automatic Return Stroke

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Oscillating Movement
The piston rod of a cylinder is to advance and retract
automatically as soon as control switch S1 is actuated
When the control switch is reset, the piston rod is
to occupy the retracted end position.

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Oscillating Movement

Direct Control Indirect Control

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Relay Circuit with Latching

When the "ON" pushbutton is actuated in
the circuit, the relay coil is energized. The
relay is energised, and contact K1 closes.

After the "ON" pushbutton is released,

current continues to flow via contact K1
through the coil, and the relay remains
in the actuated position.

The "ON" signal is stored. This is therefore

a relay circuit with latching function.

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CAM and AUTOMATION

Relay Circuit with Latching

Dominant ON
When the "OFF" pushbutton is pressed
the flow of current is interrupted and the
relay becomes deenergised.

If the "ON" and "OFF" pushbuttons are both

pressed at the same time, the relay coil is
energized.

This circuit is referred to as a Dominant ON

latching circuit

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Relay Circuit with Latching

Dominant OFF
When the "OFF" pushbutton is pressed
the flow of current is interrupted and the
relay becomes deenergised.

If the "ON" and "OFF" pushbuttons are both

pressed at the same time, the relay coil is
not energized.

This circuit is referred to as a Dominant

OFF latching circuit

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Cylinder Control Latching Circuit

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Signal Storage Comparison

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Cylinder Control with Timing

When pushbutton S1 is pressed momentarily, the piston
rod of a cylinder is to advance, subsequently remain at
the forward end position for ten seconds and then
automatically return.

Sunil Jha, Department of Mechanical Engineering, I.I.T. Delhi 23