Computer Graphics Course plan

K.S.RANGASAMY COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCE (AUTONOMOUS),

TIRUCHENGODE- 637 215
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS -UG
COURSE-PLAN
Prepared by Ms.A.Mangaiyarkarasi, Mr.V.Harikrishnan, Mr.D.Rajagopal
:
Mrs.R.Vidhya,Dr.S.Nagarajan.
Subject : Computer Graphics and Multimedia
Code : 12UCAM601
Class : III BCA
Semester : VI
Batch : 2013-2016
Period : Dec 2015-Apr2016

1. OVERVIEW
A) Objectives of the Subject
B) Genesis of the Subject
2. TOPICS TO BE COVERED
3. RELATED SUBJECTS
4. APPLICATIONS
5. NEW TRENDS
6. JOB OPPORTUNITIES
7. KEY TERMS
8. ASSIGNMENTS & SEMINAR TOPICS
9. CLASS TEST SCHEDULE
10. TEXT BOOKS
11. REFERENCE BOOKS
12. WEBSITE REFERENCES/ JOURNALS /MAGAZINES
13. LIST OF BOOKS AVAILABLE IN KSRCAS LIBRARY AND DEPARTMENT
LIBRARY

Computer Graphics Course plan

 Computer Graphics Course plan

1. OVERVIEW
A. Objectives of the subject
1. It enables the students,
 To learn the process of rendering, transformations, shading, etc.
 To implement simple procedures that performs transformation and clipping operations
on a simple 2-dimensional image.
 To understand the changes required to extend 2D transformation operations to handle
transformations in 3D.
 To understand the potential behind multimedia in terms of creativity, designing,
animating etc using softwares such as Flash, Photoshop, Adobe Premiere,
Macromedia Director and PageMaker.

B) GENESIS OF THE SUBJECT

The phrase “Computer Graphics” was coined in 1960 by William Fetter, a graphic
designer for Boeing .
Computer Graphics has been widely used in graphics presentation, paint systems,
computer-aided design (CAD), image processing, simulation & virtual reality, and
entertainment.

Year Details
1950 Outputs are via teletypes, line printer, and Cathode Ray Tube (CRT).
Using dark and light characters, a picture can be reproduced.
Ben Laposky created the first graphic images, an Oscilloscope,
generated by an electronic (analog) machine. The image was produced
by manipulating electronic beams and recording them onto high-speed
film.
1951 UNIVAC-I: the first general purpose commercial computer, simple
hardcopy devices, and line printer pictures.
Whirlwind computer, the first digital electronic computer to display
real time video, real time text and graphic on a large oscilloscope
screen.
1960 William Fetter coins the computer graphics to describe new design
methods. Fetter created a series of widely reproduced images on a pen
plotter exploring cockpit design, using a 3D model of a human body.
1961 Russel -- Spacewars, first video/computer game
1963 Douglas Englebart – first mouse
Ivan Sutherland – Sketchpad, interactive CG system, a man-machine
graphical communication system, it features:
 Pop-up menus

Computer Graphics Course plan

 Computer Graphics Course plan

 Constraint-based drawing
 Hierarchical modeling
 Utilized light pen for interaction

He formulated the ideas of using primitives, lines polygons, arcs, etc.

and constraints on them; He developed the dragging, rubber banding
and transforming algorithms; He introduced data structures for storing.
He is considered as the founder of the computer graphics.
1964 William Fetter -- first computer model of a human figure.
1968 Tektronix – a special CRT, the direct-view storage tube, with keyboard
and mouse, a simple computer interface for $15, 000, which made
graphics affordable
Ivan Sutherland – founded first head-mounted display
1969 John Warnock – area subdivision algorithm, hidden-surface algorithms
Bell Labs – first frame buffer containing 3 bits per pixel
1970 Output start using raster displays

1972 Nolan Kay Bushnell - video arcade game

1973 John Whitney. Jr. and Gary Demos – “Westworld”, first film with
computer graphics
1974 Edwin Catmuff – Texture Mapping and Z-buffer hidden-surface
algorithm.
James Blinn – curved surfaces, refinement of texture mapping
1975 Human looking sprite character graphics.
1976 James Blinn – environment mapping and bump mapping
1977 Steve Wozniak -- Apple II, color graphics personal computer
1979 Roy Trubshaw and Richard Bartle – MUD, a multi-user dungeon/Zork
1980 Outputs are built-in raster graphics, bitmap image and pixel. Personal
computers costs decrease drastically; trackball and mouse become the
standard interactive devices.
1982 Steven Lisberger – “Tron”, first Disney movie which makes extensive
use of 3-D computer graphics
Tom Brighman – “Morphing”, first film sequence plays a female
character which deforms and transforms herself into other shape.
John Walkner and Dan Drake – AutoCAD
1983 Jaron Lanier – “DataGlove”, a virtual reality film features a glove
installed with switches and sensors to detect hand motion.
1984 Wavefron tech – Polhemus, first 3D graphics software
1987 IBM – VGA, Video Graphics Array introduced

Computer Graphics Course plan

 Computer Graphics Course plan

1989 Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) – SVGA, Super VGA

formed

1990 Since the introduction of VGA and SVGA, personal computer could
easily display photo-realistic images and movies. 3D image renderings
are become the main advances and it stimulated cinematic graphics
applications.
1991 Disney and Pixar – “Beauty and the Beast”, CGI was widely used,
Renderman systems provides fast, accurate and high quality digital
computer effects.

1992 Silicon Graphics – OpenGL specification

1993 University of Illinois -- Mosaic, first graphic Web browser
Steven Spielberg – “Jurassic Park” a successful CG fiction film.

1995 Buena Vista Pictures – “Toy Story”, first full-length, computer-

generated, feature film.
2003 ID Software – Doom3 graphics engine
2006 Graphics applied in medicine, 3D games (recently Microsoft developed
XBOX) and much growth in film industry like KING KONG film using
Rototype technology
Maya is an application used to generate 3D assets for use in film,
television, game development and architecture. The software was
initially released for the IRIX operating system.

2007 Apple launches its iPhone and iPod touch products with touch screen
GUI.

2010 CGI is nearly ubiquitous in video, pre-rendered graphics and real time
graphics on a suitably high end system may simulate photo realism to
the untrained eye.

2013 Face Replacer – new software tracks person’s facial expressions and
maps it in real time on to a digital character.

2014 VR firm, San Francisco released Try before you FLY – Travelagents
uses VR to let holidaymakers explore their dream Destinations. Trailed
out in Blue water shopping Center in Kent, USA

Interactive Computer Graphics

Computer Graphics Course plan

 Computer Graphics Course plan

MULTIMEDIA
It includes a combination of Text, Audio, Still images, Animation, Video or interactively
content forms. The term Multimedia was coined by singer and artist Bob Goldstein. It may be
broadly divided into linear and non-linear categories.
 Linear content progresses often without any navigation control such as cinema
presentation.
 Non-linear uses a interactivity control progress such as video games and CBT.
List of Multimedia Tools

SNO SOFTWARES APPLICATIONS

1 Photoshop, SplashUp, Pixlr, sunflow Photo Editing
2 Dreamweaver, Kompozer Web Design
Final Cut, Adobe Premiere Pro, iMovie, Jaycut, Digital
3 Video
Fusion
4 ProTools, Adobe Audition, Audacity, Garagaband Audio
5 Soundslides, Photopeach, Prezi, Doceri Slideshows
Interactive Media
6 Flash, Effect Generator
(Authorware)
7 Microsoft Office, Google Docs Word Processing
8 Maya 3D Graphics
9 Zbrush, Remo 3D 3D Modelling
10 Vray Architecutal visualization
11 Topsolid, free CAD CAD/CAM
12 Electric image animation system (EIAS3D) 3D animation
Cinema/TV motion
13 Cinema4D (MAXON), VFX
Graphics

2. TOPICS TO BE COVERED

Computer Graphics Course plan

 Computer Graphics Course plan

UNIT TOPICS
Overview of Graphics System:
Video Display Devices:
Refresh Cathode Ray Tubes
Raster Scan Displays
Random-Scan Displays
Color CRT Monitors
Unit I Output Primitives:
Line-Drawing Algorithms:
DDA Algorithm
Bresenham’s Line Algorithm
Circle-Generating Algorithms:
Properties of Circles
Midpoint Circle Algorithm
Two-Dimensional Geometric Transformations:
Basic Transformations
Matrix Representations and Homogenous Coordinates
Composite Transformation:
Translations
Rotations
Scaling
Two-Dimensional Viewing:
Unit II
The Viewing Pipeline
Viewing Coordinate Reference Frame
Window-to-Viewport Coordinate Transformation
Clipping Operations:
Point Clipping
Line Clipping:
Cohen-Sutherland Line Clipping
Text Clipping
Unit III 3-D Geometric and Modeling Transformations:
Translation
Rotation
Scaling
Three Dimensional Viewing:
Projections
Color Models and Color Applications:
Properties of Light
Standard Primaries and the Chromaticity Diagram:
XYZ Color Model
RGB Color Model
YIQ Color Model
CMY Color Model
HSV Color Model
HLS Color Model.

Computer Graphics Course plan

 Computer Graphics Course plan

Multimedia Systems Design:

An Introduction:
Multimedia Elements
Multimedia applications
Unit IV Multimedia System Architecture
Evolving Technologies For Multimedia Systems
Defining Objects For Multimedia Systems
Multimedia Data Interface Standards
Multimedia Databases
Compression and Decompression:
Types of Compression
Binary Image Compression Schemes
Color, Gray Scale And Still
Video Image Compression
Video Image Compression
Unit V
Audio Compression
Multimedia Input /Output Technologies:
Digital Voice And Audio
Digital Camera
Video Images and Animation
Full- Motion Video

3. RELATED SUBJECTS
 Digital Image Processing
 Data structures and algorithms
 Modeling and Animation
 Image compression
 Web publishing
 Digital Film making
 Computational Photography
 Mathematics (geometry, numerical, …)
 Physics (Optics, mechanics, …)
 Psychology (Colour, perception)
 Game Art and Design
 Communication systems
 Virtual Reality
 Mobile Technology

Computer Graphics Course plan

 Computer Graphics Course plan

 Artificial Intelligence
 ASP
 HTML / DHTML
 XML / CSS / AJAX
 PHP / PERL
 Web Services & Web Servers
 Middleware Technologies

4. APPLICATIONS
 Creative industries
 Entertainment and fine arts
 Edutainment
 Journalism
 Engineering
 Mathematical and scientific research
 Medical Imaging
 Simulation & Virtual Reality
 Mobile Applications

5. NEW TRENDS
 WWW – Hypermedia systems - embrace nearly all multimedia technologies and application
areas
 MBone – Multicast Backbone equivalent of conventional TV and Radio on the Internet.
 Enabling Technologies – Developing at a rapid rate to support ever increasing need for
multimedia. Carrier, switching, protocol, application, coding/compression, database
processing.
 Evga Geforce 8800 Gtx Video Card - latest graphics card improves image quality.
 Rototype technology - used in film industry.
 The Sensable Dental Lab System With Phantom Desktop Device -latest 3D touch
modeling system used in dental lab

6.KEY TERMS

Unit-I

 Refresh CRT(Cathode Ray Tube)

Computer Graphics Course plan

 Computer Graphics Course plan

 Resolution
 Persistence
 Aspect ratio
 Pixel
 Frame buffer
 Bitmap
 Pixmap
 Raster
 Random
 DDA(Digital Differential Analyser)
 Bresenham’s Algorithm

Unit-II
 Translation
 Rotation
 Scaling
 Windowing transformation
 Pipelining
 Clipping
 Point clipping
 Mid-point
 Line clipping
 Curve clipping
 Text clipping

Unit III
 Translation
 Rotation
 Scaling
 Projection
 XYZ Color Model
 RGB Color Model
 YIQ Color Model
 CMY Color Model
 HSV Color Model

Unit IV

 Facsimile
 Photographic Images
 Video Messages
 Holographic Images
 FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface)
 Hypertext

Computer Graphics Course plan

 Computer Graphics Course plan

 HDTV and UDTV (High Definition Television, Ultra Definition Television)

 DSP (Digital Signal processing)
 DVI (Digital Video Interleave)
 Compression standards
 MPEG (Motion Picture Expert Group)

Unit V
 Compression
 Decompression
 Lossless Compression
 Lossy Compression
 Color Models
 DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform)
 Macroblocks
 Digital Audio
 Digital Voice

7.ASSIGNMENT / SEMINAR TOPICS

Assignment on
1. Scanning Techniques in Computer graphics - Submission Date : 5/01/2016
2. Color models and color applications - Submission Date : 09/02/2016
3. Seminar Topics (March 2nd week Onwards)
 A Detailed study on Animation Tools
 Principles involved in 2D Animation 3D Animation
 Role of 3D in Entertainment
 Virtual Reality Applications
 Multimedia in Mobile Applications

8. Class Tests Schedule

Test 1 28/12/2015
Test 2 16/02/2016
Test 3 15/03/2016

8. TEXT BOOKS

Computer Graphics Course plan

 Computer Graphics Course plan

1. Donald Hearn and Pauline Baker, M. 1998. Computer Graphics. [Second Edition].
Prentice-Hall of India, New Delhi. (Unit I, II and III).
2. Prabat Andleig,K. and Kiran Thakrar. 2010. Multimedia Systems Design. [First Edition].
Prentice-Hall of India, New Delhi. (Unit IV and V).

Reference Books:
1. James Fole, D. Andries Van Dam, Steven Feiner, K. and John Hughes, F. 1999. Computer
Graphics: Principles & Practice. [Second Edition in c]. Addision Wesley, USA.
2. William Neuman, M. and Robert Sproull, F. 1997. Principle of Interactive Computer
Graphics. [Second Edition]. Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi.
3. Tay Vayghan. 2009. Multimedia: Making It Work. [Seventh Edition]. Tata McGraw Hill,
New Delhi .

9. LIST OF WEBSITES
a) TUTORIALS
1. http://lodev.org/cgtutor/
2. http://www.studiesinn.com/Ourcourses.html

b) E-BOOKS
 Computer Vision and Image Processing by David Marshall
 Vector Math for 3D Computer Graphics, 3rd Edition by Bradley Kjell
 OpenGL Programming Guide by Dave Shreiner, Graham Sellers
 Graphics Programming Black Book by M. Abrash
 Simulating Humans Computer Graphics, Animation, and Control by N.I. Badler
 C++ GUI Programming with Qt3 by Jasmin Blanchette/Mark Summerfield
 Cross Platform GUI Programming with wxWidgets by Julian Smart/Kevin Hock
 Computer Graphics Primer by Mitchell Waite
 Encyclopedia of Graphics File Formats by James D. Murray and William vanRyper
 Graph Theory, 3rd Edition by R. Diestel
 Graph Theory with Applications by J. Bondy, U. Murty

c) INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

 www.placementpapers.net
 www.coolinterview.com
 www.careerride.com
 www.questpond.com
 www.newinterviewquestions.com

Computer Graphics Course plan

 Computer Graphics Course plan

 www.coders2020.com

10. LIST OF JOURNALS AND MAGAZINES

 Digit
 PCQuest
 PC World
 Journal of multimedia
 International journal of multimedia and applications
 Advances in multimedia

11. JOB OPPORTUNITIES

 Modeler
 Animator
 Character animator
 Lightening specialist
 Compositor
 Texture artist
 Computer graphics programmer
 Technical director
 Art director
 Script writer
 Content writer

List of books available in KSRCAS Library

No. Of
S.no. Book title Author
copies
1 Multimedia systems design Andleigh, prabhat k 1
2 Computer graphics Ankur shri, agarwal 1
3 Computer graphics for scientists and engineering Astlana 5
4 101 essential tips exploring multimedia Chris lewis 1
Fundamentals of computer graphics and
5 multimedia D.p. Mukherjee 1
6 Multimedia complete user Darling kindersley 1
7 Procedural elements for computer graphics David f rogers 1
Multimedia servers applications, environments
8 and design Dinkar sitaram 1
Donald hearn & pauline
9 Computer graphics baker m 1
10 Computer graphics c version Donald hearn & pauline 9

Computer Graphics Course plan

 Computer Graphics Course plan

baker m
Multimedia databases: an object-relational
11 approach Dunckley, lynne 1
Foley , vandam. Feiner,
12 Computer graphics principles & practice hughes 1
13 Multimedia cd-rom and compact disc Francis botto 1
14 Video for multimedia pc's Francis botto 1
Multimedia communications : applications,
15 networks, protocols and standards Fred halsall 1
16 Multimedia literacy Fred t hofstetter 2
17 Multimedia magic Gokul s 7
18 Computer graphics Hearnbak 4
Hill f s & stephen m
19 Computer graphics : using opengl kelley 2
20 Multimedia technology and applications Hillnan 2
21 Introduction to computer graphics Hughes&foley 1
22 Multimedia on the pc Ian r sinclair 1
Multimedia : introduction to multimedia and its
23 applications Ignou 1
James d foley & andries
24 Computer graphics : principles and practice van dam 4
25 Multimedia in action James e shuman 2
26 Computer graphics secrets and solutions John corrigan 1
27 Multimedia systems John f. Koegel buford 6
Multimedia : production, planning, mechanisms John villamil casanora
28 and delivery and lokis molina 1
John villamil,-casanova, ,
29 Multimedia graphics leony fernandez-elias 8
30 Multimedia : sound and video Jose lozane 1
Multimedia in practice : technology and
31 applications Judith jeffcoate 3
Multimedia communications :
32 components,techniques,standards Krishna kumar d n 1
33 Introduction to computer graphics Krishnamurthy n 1
34 Multimedia in action Linda tway 2
35 Dsp first a multimedia approach Mcclellan 1
36 Computer graphics Mishra, ruchi 1
37 Basics of computer graphics design Nitt 1
Patrick m. Dillon &
38 Multimedia and the web from a to z david c. Leonard 1
Prabhat k andleigh &
39 Multimedia systems design kiran thakrar 1
40 Computer graphics Pradeep k bhatia 1
R.g.s.asthana & n.k.
41 Computer graphics for scientists & engineers Sinha 1
42 Computer graphics and design Radhakrishnan p & c.p. 2

Computer Graphics Course plan

 Computer Graphics Course plan

Kothandaraman
43 Principles of multimedia Ranjan parekh 1
44 Windows 95 multimedia 4 odbc api bible Richard 3
Do -it-yourself multimedia making movies with Robert hone & margy
45 your pc. kuntz. 1
Mainstream multimeida:applying multimedia in Roger l. Fetterman &
46 business satish k. Gupta 1
Roy a plastock and
47 Computer graphics gordon kalley 6
48 Dictionary of multimedia S.m.h. Collin 2
49 Way multimedia works Simmon collin 1
50 Multimedia made simple Simon collin 1
Multimedia: computing, communications &
51 applications Steinmetz, ralf 2
52 Computer graphics: a programming approach Stevan harrington 10
53 Advanced multimedia programming Steve rimmer 2
T.g sambanthan & n.
54 Interactive computer graphics aided design Subramanian 2
55 Multimedia : making it work Tay vaughan 11
56 Computer graphics & animation Trivedi, m c 1
Hand book of multimedia information William i. Grosky &
57 management ramesh jain 2
William m newman &
58 Principles of interactive computer graphics robert f sproull 17
59 Fundamentals of multimedia Ze-nian li & mark s drew 1
Schaum's outline of theory and problems of Zhigang xiang & roy a
60 computer graphics plastock 1
Zhigang xiang & roy a
61 Computer graphics plastock 5
Total No.of.Books 156

List of books available in Department library

No. Of
S.no. Book title Author copies
F.S.Hill & Stephen
1 Computer Graphics using Open GL M.Kelley 1
Computer Graphics Alogrithms & D.P.Mukherjee &
2 Implementations Debasish Jana 1
3 Computer Graphics, Multimedia and Animation Malay K.Pakriya 1
Ralf Steinmetz Klara
4 Multimedia Funadamentals Nahrstedt 1
Prabhat K. Andleigh
5 Multimedia System Design Kiran, Thakrar 1
6 Multimedia Magic Updated Photocopy 2

Computer Graphics Course plan

 Computer Graphics Course plan

7 Multimedia in Action James E.Shuman 1

8 Multimedia: Making it work Tay Vaughan 1
Total No.of. Books 9
Grand Total 165
Note:
Course Notes will be Available in the Intranet on

Unit I & Unit II 15/12/2015

Unit III & IV 28/01/2016
Unit V 24/02/2016

Subject Handling Faculty Signature of the HOD

Ms.A.Mangaiyarkarasi, Mrs.S.Padma
Mr.V.Harikrishnan,
Mr.D.Rajagopal
Mrs.R.Vidhya,
Dr.S.Nagarajan.

Computer Graphics Course plan