MNT for HIV/ AIDS

Good Nutrition
HIV : Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Maintain body
- Weak response due to the virus which attacks weight
the immune system
- Includes weight loss, loss of appetite, nausea, Stronger Immunity
Eating well, Good
vomiting
appetite and resistance to
Cases of HIV: infection
2015- approx. 10 000
How can you get HIV:
Slower HIV disease
1. Sex without condom progression, Reduce
2. HIV + Mother sickness
3. Sharing injecting equipment
4. Contaminated blood transfusion and organ
5. transplant
Not transmitted by: - Adequate and balanced nutrition intake is
essential to maintain a healthy immune system
1. Insect bites
2. Toilet Seats
3. Kissing Energy and Protein
4. Sharing cutlery
5. Touching - follow same principle of healthy eating and
fluid intake recommended for the general
Stages of HIV Infection population
1. Acute HIV Infection - increase energy and protein for opportunistic
- The earliest stage of infection (within 2 to 4 infections
weeks after infection) Micronutrients
- Symptoms: fever, headache, rash
2. Chronic HIS Infection (Asymptomatic) - supplemental but not megadoses
- Within 2- 6 years after inspection - Deficiency in Vit D can cause faster progression
- May not have any HIV related symptoms, but - Vit A and Zinc megadose can increase rate of
can still spread HIV to others progression
3. AIDS – Acquired HIV, Nutrition and Food Safety
- The final most severe stage of HIV infection
- Syndrome: consists of an aggregate of signs Neutropenia
and symptoms which together indicate the
presence and nature of a disease - Wash hands frequently
- CD4 count of less than 200 cells/ mm3 - Do not eat raw or undercooked
- Patient can live only up to 3 years - Wash all fresh fruits
- Thaw frozen meats in refrigerator
Management : - Use only pasteurized milk
- Do not allow foods to stand at 45- 140 F for
a. Anti- retroviral therapies more than two hours
b. Immunological treatment - Refrigerate perishable foods immediately
c. Management of opportunistic infections - Neutropenic diet not allowed leftover food
through antibiotics
d. Supportive treatment
Recommendations for Typical Adverse Effects Hyperglycemia
Nausea and Vomiting - Diet for diabetic
- Eat small frequent meals --end--
- Avoid drinking liquids with meals, Drink cool
clear liquids
- Try dry crackers or toast
- Try bland foods such as potatoes, rice or
canned foods
Diarrhea
- Try plain CHO such as white rice, rice congee,
noodles, crackers or white toast
- Try low fiber fruits like bananas
- Give fluids that will replace electrolytes such as
broths and oral hydration
- BRAT diet
- SFF
- Avoid fatty, greasy foods and highly spiced
foods
- Avoid sugary items and milk products
Loss of Appetite
- SFF
- Focus on nutrient dense food
- Nutrition support: Tube feeding
Taste Alteration
- Add spices and herbs
- Avoid canned foods
Mouth and Esophageal ulcers
- Try soft foods
- Avoid acidic foods
- Moisten foods with gravy or sauces
- Drink liquids with meals and beverages at
room temperature
Pancreatitis
- Focus on low fat foods and limit fat at each
meal
- May need pancreatic enzymes
Weight Loss
- SFF
- Add rice, barley and legumes to soups
- Add dry milk powder or protein powder to
casseroles