Introduction to to Metallurgy and Materials

5th Course – Metal Oxide Reduction

Brief Lecture Formats Topic to be discussed

Section I Scope of Metallurgy and Metallurgical Engineer Career

Section II Indonesia Mineral Resources

Section III Comminution

Section IV Mineral Concentration

Section V Metal Oxide Reduction

Section VI Introduction of Binary Phase Diagram

Section VII Strengthening Theory of Metal

Section VIII Metal Forming

Section IX Heat Treatment

Section X Metal Testing

Section XI Introduction to Corrosion and its Control

Section XII Steel and its Alloy

Section XIII Ceramic, Polymer and Composite Materials

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Production of Metal Introduction

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Journey of Metal Oxide Introduction

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Drying Introduction

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Calcination Introduction

PbCO3(s) ⎯⎯→ PbO(s) + CO2(g)

Fe 2O3 • 2 Fe(OH)3 ( s ) ⎯Δ
⎯→ 2 Fe 2O3( s ) + 3 H 2O( g )

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Roasting Introduction

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Pyrometallurgical Extraction Introduction

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Smelting Introduction

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Smelting Introduction

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Matte Converting Introduction

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Copper Processing Metallurgy Introduction

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Diagram Ellingham Introduction

Ellingham diagrams
• Ellingham diagrams are plots of change in standard free energy change with temperature for
various reactions like the formation of oxides ,sulphides etc..of various elements
• Ellingham diagrams for the formation of oxides obtained by plotting the standard free
energy change v/s Temperature for the oxidation process involving one mole of oxygen at
various temperatures.
 4/3 Cr(s) +  O2(g) → 2/3 Cr2O3(s)
2 C(s) + O2(g) → 2 CO(g)

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Diagram Ellingham Introduction

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Diagram Ellingham Introduction

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Diagram Ellingham Introduction

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Diagram Ellingham Introduction

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Diagram Ellingham Introduction

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Diagram Ellingham Introduction

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Diagram Ellingham Introduction

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Diagram Ellingham Introduction

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Diagram Ellingham Introduction

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Diagram Ellingham Introduction

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Diagram Ellingham Introduction

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Rx Oxidation - Reduction Introduction

! Oxidation is loss of electrons

! Reduction is gain of electrons
–  Oxidation is always accompanied by reduction
–  The total number of electrons is kept constant 25
Rx Oxidation - Reduction Introduction

Redox reactions - transfer of electrons between

species.

All the redox reactions have two parts:

Oxidation Reduction

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Reduction of Metal Oxide Introduction

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