Difference between Manggagaway at Mangkukulam:

Rizal categorized the Tagalog bewitchment by their intensity. Manggagaway is just another
common bewitchment in which the male manggagaway and woman manggagaway are relatively
short-tempered and are not always old or ugly but are different to the Hiloanan of Bisayans. The
former uses mostly diabolical arts and the latter uses poison which are made from vegetables and
was put in her enemies’ food, drink, cigarette, and others. In some other towns of Laguna, women
are enjoying the reputation of being a manggagaway since it made them believe that they are
powerful, frightening and terrible, which the other women deserve, however, some are purely
innocent. The women manggagaway, according to Rizal, are the burden of ignorance and
prominent wickedness, the scapegoat of divine chastisements and the salvation of the perplexed
quacks. The woman manggagaway is the common man and the quack what the resentments of the
gods, the demon, and the pacts with the devil in the Medieval Age, the plethora of blood: She is
the diagnosis of incomprehensible miseries, Rizal specifically described.
The manggagaway works in two ways, the produce a fixed organic lesion and a general
condition with psychological disturbances. The manggagaway uses a doll that resembles the
person who she wants to get sick and to impair the organs or any part of the body of that person.
She will then pierce needles or pins on her chosen part or organ of the person she wanted to get
hurt. The practice is comparable to the European witches before. The enemy will remain sick and
no cure can be used unless the manggagaway herself will be satisfied on what she was doing to
that person. However, Rizal ironically derides quack healing through amulets and secret
incantations, or whipping patients with a rattan can or stingray’s tail (buntot pagi) presumably to
drive away the possessing spirit of the witch.

On the other hand, the bewitchment caused by a mangkukulam is the most terrible and
most mysterious yet rare. Unlike manggagaway, mangkukulam was born with this power although
some people believed that it is a sickness and is attained from a patient with terrible and
tremendous powers. People say that when the mangkukulam shed tears of real fire and his stare
has such power, it can paralyze small animals even flying birds. It is also believed that the illness
caused by mangkukulam has no cure at all. The mangkukulams is known to be a natural hypnotizer,
a charmer, a kind of unlucky and involuntary act which Rizal actually empathizes.

Source:
http://nhcp.gov.ph/curious-rizal-was-fascinated-by-the-paranormal/