1.18.2.1.

3 P-Delta K+Kg Dynamic Analysis Page 1 of 1

1.18.2.1.3 P-Delta K+Kg Dynamic Analysis

In STAAD, an alternate procedure has been adopted to incorporate the P-Delta effect into
dynamic analysis by combining the global stiffness matrix and the global geometric stiffness
matrix [K+Kg].

This feature is available in STAAD.Pro 2007 Build 01 and greater.

This method uses the resulting [K+Kg] matrices from the last static case before the PDELTA
KG command in the dynamic cases that precede the PDELTA KG command.

LOAD n
Static case input
LOAD n+1
Dynamic case input
PDELTA KG ANALYSIS

1. First, the primary deflections are calculated by linear static analysis based on the
provided external loading for case n.
2. Primary deflections are used to calculate member axial forces and plate center
membrane stresses. These forces and stresses are used to calculate geometric stiffness
terms. Both the large delta effects and the small delta effects are calculated. These
terms are the terms of the Kg matrix which are added to the global stiffness matrix K.
The final triangular factorization for case n is then used in the dynamic case n+1 along with
the masses specified in case n+1 to solve the dynamic analysis.
Lateral loading must be present concurrently with the vertical loading for proper
consideration of the P-Delta effect. The REPEAT LOAD facility (See "Repeat Load
Specification") has been created with this requirement in mind. This facility allows the user
to combine previously defined primary load cases to create a new primary load case.
P-Delta effects are calculated for frame members and plate elements only. They are not
calculated for solid elements. P-Delta is restricted to structures where members and plate
elements carry the vertical load from one structure level to the next.
The maximum displacement should be reviewed for P-Delta analyses because this analysis
type permits buckling. You may need to repeat the analysis with only one to five iterations or
as a static case in order to get a pre-collapse solution in order to view the large displacement
areas.
Buckling may also cause the analysis to fail with a negative definite matrix failure. In this
case a message is printed and the results of the case are set to zero. The dynamic results
should be ignored if this type of failure should occur.

Reference Materials
5.37.2 PDelta Analysis Options

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