MATERIALS

STANDARDS
Fiat Group THREADED FASTENERS STRENGTH
Automobiles CLASSES FOR NORMAL USE
52605/01
NORMAZIONE Page: 1/11
Date: 01/04/2011
CASTELLO ALESSANDRO - alessandro.castello@fiat.com

PURPOSE OF THE STANDARD

To define the mechanical, chemical and structural properties of the steel threaded fastener

TMD
strength classes for normal uses; to provide information regarding the threaded fasteners on
drawings.
D'AIUTO FABIO - FABIO.DAIUTO@CRF.IT

For special threaded fasteners particularly with Weldability, surface hardening, rust-resistance

Code
and high temperature resistance properties, see Table 52605.

-
Ch.
This standard is composed of 11 pages

5
Change Date Description

– Nov. 88 Edition 3 – Fully revised; previous edition: 2. (AS)

Edition
A Apr. 89 Edition 3 – Changed the values of some mechanical properties and some
specifications relating to materials that can be used with
Supervisor

reference to the following strength classes:

Author

– screws: 10.9, 12.9 and 33H.

– nuts: 05 and 10 (AS)
B Jan. 92 Edition 3 – Changed screw elongation and resilience (§ 2.2.1): 8.8, 10.9

WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FGA S.P.A..IN CASE OF DISPUTE THE ONLY VALID REFERENCE IS THE ITALIAN EDITION.
and 12.9
– § 2.2.2 Replaced H1 with h3 according to thread Standards.
– Addition of notes on boron steel, class 10.9 and 12.9.

IF THE ITALIAN EDITION IS NOT AVAILABLE OR NOT UPDATED, THE ENGLISH EDITION IS THE VALID REFERENCE.
(GF)
– 06/14/02 Edition 4 – Added the tests specified in Standard 52605/03 “Threaded

THIS DOCUMENT MUST NOT BE REPRODUCED OR CIRCULATED TO THE THIRD PARTIES

fastener strength classes for heavy use” (superseded by this
Standard on 10/04/2002)
(DA)
– Added § 1.4 and deleted the note from purpose of the
C.R.F. - Group Materials Labs Metals & Anticorrosion
C.R.F. - Group Materials Labs Metals & Anticorrosion

A 11/15/06 Edition 4
standard. (AC)
_ 01/04/11 Edition 5 – Fully revised. Deleted the word "special" from title.
(DC)
CONFIDENTIAL
Supervisor department
Author Department

ANY PRINTED COPY IS TO BE DEEMED AS UNCHECKED; THEREFORE THE UPDATED COPY MUST BE CHECKED IN THE APPROPRIATE WEB SITE

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52605/01 Change
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| § "A": TEST EQUIPMENT

The test equipment is specified in the Standards listed in § "B".

| § "B": DOCUMENTS REFERRED TO IN THE TEXT

| 50020 | Data processing code of materials. TMD
| 52605 | Threaded fastener strength classes. TMD
| 9.52605/01 | Threaded fasteners for normal and special uses. CFO
WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FGA S.P.A.. IN CASE OF DISPUTE THE ONLY VALID REFERENCE IS THE ITALIAN EDITION.
IF THE ITALIAN EDITION IS NOT AVAILABLE OR NOT UPDATED, THE ENGLISH EDITION IS THE VALID REFERENCE.
THIS DOCUMENT MUST NOT BE REPRODUCED OR CIRCULATED TO THE THIRD PARTIES
CONFIDENTIAL

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Fiat Group Automobiles Change 52605/01

1
INTRODUCTION

1.1
This standard defines the mechanical, chemical and structural properties of steel screws, stud
screws (both referred to as screws in the following paragraphs) and nuts for normal use. The
Standards also take into account the auxiliary components of the above-mentioned screws,
except when subject to traction.
The mechanical properties relating to the classes are guaranteed for use of the components
at ambient temperature (10 – 35°C). Materials must be defined according to Std. 52605/04 for
high temperature parts. In case of low temperature or cryogenic applications, the choice of the
most suitable material must be approved by CRF-GML.

This Standards' classes apply to:

- screws with a nominal threading diameter of ≤ 39 mm;
- headless screws with a nominal threading diameter of ≤ 24 mm;
- nuts with a nominal threading diameter of ≤ 39 mm and a wrench opening of ≥ 1.45d.

2
SCREWS

2.1
Classification, designation, use and data processing code
Each of the five possible strength classes is identified by a symbol formed by two numbers

WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FGA S.P.A. IN CASE OF DISPUTE THE ONLY VALID REFERENCE IS THE ITALIAN EDITION.
separated by a dot. The first number represents one hundredth of the nominal ultimate tensile
2
strength (UTS), Rm, expressed in N/mm , the second number expresses the ratio, multiplied
by ten, of the nominal ultimate yield stress, Rs, or of the deviation from the proportionality

IF THE ITALIAN EDITION IS NOT AVAILABLE OR NOT UPDATED, THE ENGLISH EDITION IS THE VALID REFERENCE.
factor, Rp 0.2, to the nominal UTS (see Table below).

THIS DOCUMENT MUST NOT BE REPRODUCED OR CIRCULATED TO THE THIRD PARTIES

Class 8.8, 10.9 and 12.9 screws must be hardened and tempered. The rolling procedure may
be carried out after the hardening and tempering process is complete. This specific supply
condition must be indicated by a note in the drawing.

Data processing
Nominal ultimate Nominal ultimate yield code
Previous tensile load stress
Designation
designation
2 2
Rm (N/mm ) Rs or Rp 0.2 (N/mm ) (According to Std.
50020)
CONFIDENTIAL

4.8 1 - 400 320 25105

5.8 2 - 500 400 25055

8.8 R8, 8R 800 640 25056

10.9 R10, 10R 1000 900 25057

12.9 3 R12, 12R 1200 1080 25058

1 Replaces previous class 11 H, when class 11 H is recommended for head screws.

2 For screws with a nominal threading diameter of d 16 mm, class 8.8 is to be preferred.
3 The use of this class must be approved by Engineering and CRF-GML for each
application.

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2.2
Chemical composition
The suitable types of steel must have the chemical properties and heat treatment
characteristics indicated in the Table below. The Table also shows (for the interested strength
classes) the indications for the completed tempering.

Max. Chemical composition limits %p () (product

analysis) 2nd tempering
Strength Material and threading
test parameters
class heat treatment diameter
Min. 4 Min. S P ()
(mm) () C
mn min. Mo max. max.
4.8 () Non-alloy or –
39 0.55 – – 0.06 0.05 –
5.8 () alloy steel 0.25

Hardened and 24 0.28 –

tempered (0.19) 440 5 C for 30
8.8 5 () 0.45 0.5 – 0.04 0.04
non-alloy or 39 min.
alloy steel () 0.50 (0.3)

0.28 0.5
Hardened and 16
(0.22) (–) 425 5 C for 30
10.9 5 tempered alloy 0.45 – 0.04 0.04
0.9 min.
steel () 39 0.50 (0.5)
18 0.9 –
WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FGA S.P.A.. IN CASE OF DISPUTE THE ONLY VALID REFERENCE IS THE ITALIAN EDITION.

Hardened and 0.28

410 5 C for 30
12.9 6 tempered alloy 27 0.45 1.1 0.035 0.035
0.15 min.
steel () 0.50
IF THE ITALIAN EDITION IS NOT AVAILABLE OR NOT UPDATED, THE ENGLISH EDITION IS THE VALID REFERENCE.

39 1.4
THIS DOCUMENT MUST NOT BE REPRODUCED OR CIRCULATED TO THE THIRD PARTIES

4 refers to the sum of the alloy element percentage values, more specifically:
Cr Ni Mo V (Mn - 0.8). The addend (Mn - 0.8) should only be considered when
it is positive.
5 The use of Boron steels is permitted (content of B = 0.0005 0.005%). The presence of
Boron together with a manganese percentage of 0.50% for class 8.8 and of 0.70% for
class 10.9 allows to lower the minimum content of carbon and of to the values shown in
brackets as well as to reduce the temperature of the second tempering process by 40 C.
Furthermore, for class 10.9 the content of Mn may be lowered to 0.5 if the content of C is
equal to 0.28% and of to 0.25 if Mo is equal to 0.07%.
CONFIDENTIAL

6 For screws of 18 mm, class 12.9 the use of boron steels is allowed (content of B =
0.0005 0.005%). The presence of boron together with a manganese percentage of
0.80% allows to lower the contents of to 0.25 provided Mo is 0.07%.
() The use of lead steels is allowed in the production of screws by shaving removal, with the
exception of class 12.9 screws. In this case, the Pb content must be as follows: Pb
0.25% for class 10.9 and Pb 0.35% for the other classes.
() The use of steels for high-speed machining is allowed. In this case, the content of sulphur
and phosphorus must be as follows: S 0.34% and P 0.11%.
() The use of steels for high-speed machining is allowed. In this case, the content of sulphur
must be as follows: S 0.13%.
() Cross-section size of the bar when the screw is produced using a shaving removal
procedure on a hardened and tempered semi-finished product. This manufacturing
procedure is not allowed for class 12.9.
() The hardening characteristics of the steel must be such as to allow for a core structure to
be obtained in the threaded part of the screw with about 90% martensite in the hardened
core (before tempering).
() When considering the average of three values measured by a Vickers hardness test
carried out on a screw before and after the second tempering process in the
recommended conditions, the difference must not be greater than 20 Vickers points.

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Fiat Group Automobiles Change 52605/01
2.3
Decarburisation (only for classes 8.8, 10.9 and 12.9)
For decarburisation measurement, see Spec. 9.52605/01 and the Table below.

Strength class
Feature
8.8 10.9 12.9

Minimum height of non-decarburated area of the thread, E 7 2/3 h3 3/4 h3

Maximum depth of total thread decarburation, G (mm) 0.015

Maximum depth of total decarburation on bottom of thread 7 1/10 h3 1/13 h3

Total decarburation on surfaces machined by shaving removal Absent

7 h3 = height of thread in maximum material condition.

2.4
Mechanical properties
For the measurement of the mechanical properties, see Spec. 9.52605/01. In particular, the
traction and elongation mechanical strength specifications after failure must be determined
with a tensile test.

Strength class

WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FGA S.P.A. IN CASE OF DISPUTE THE ONLY VALID REFERENCE IS THE ITALIAN EDITION.
Feature
4.8 5.8 8.8 8 10.9 12.9

IF THE ITALIAN EDITION IS NOT AVAILABLE OR NOT UPDATED, THE ENGLISH EDITION IS THE VALID REFERENCE.
Ultimate tensile strength Rm
2 420 700 520 700 800 (830) 1040 1040 1200 1220 1400
(N/mm )

THIS DOCUMENT MUST NOT BE REPRODUCED OR CIRCULATED TO THE THIRD PARTIES

Ultimate yield stress Rm
2 340 420 – – –
(N/mm ) 9

Deviation from the proportionality

2 – – 640 (660) 940 1100
factor Rp 0.2 min. (N/mm )

Elongation after failure Amin. (%) 14 10 12 9 8

Min. KU resilience (J) – – 30 20 15

CONFIDENTIAL

Vickers hardness HV, F 98 N 130 220 160 220 250 (258) 320 320 370 370 420

HRB 71 95 82 95 – – –
Rockwell hardness
10
HRC – – 22 (23) 32 32 38 38 43
2
Unitary test load Rcp (N/mm ) 310 380 580 (600) 830 970

Min. ratio Rcp/Rs or Rp 0.2 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.88 0.88

8 The figures in brackets are valid for screws with a nominal threading diameter of 16 mm
9 If the yield limit, Rs, cannot be determined, the deviation from the proportionality factor, Rp
0.2, measurement is allowed.
10 Vickers test results are ruling factor in case of dispute.

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52605/01 Change
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2.5
Mechanical properties at high temperatures (screws only)
The elongation and traction mechanical strength properties after failure must be determined
with a tensile test on specimen. For the testing methods, see Spec. 9.52605/01, par. 3.11.
As an example, the following Table shows the minimum values of the yield ultimate loads, Rs,
or the deviation from the proportionality factor, Rp 0.2, depending on the temperature. The
values highlight the mechanical property decay at high temperatures and should not be
regarded as reference values for qualification or inspection tests.

Minimum unit yield stress, Rs, or deviation from proportionality factor

2
Rp 0.2 (N/mm ) at a temperature of:
Strength class
20 C 100 C 200 C 250 C 300 C

4.8 340 310 270 250 230

5.8 420 380 335 310 285

8.8 640 590 540 510 480

10.9 940 875 790 745 705

12.9 1100 1020 925 875 825

WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FGA S.P.A.. IN CASE OF DISPUTE THE ONLY VALID REFERENCE IS THE ITALIAN EDITION.
IF THE ITALIAN EDITION IS NOT AVAILABLE OR NOT UPDATED, THE ENGLISH EDITION IS THE VALID REFERENCE.
THIS DOCUMENT MUST NOT BE REPRODUCED OR CIRCULATED TO THE THIRD PARTIES
CONFIDENTIAL

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Fiat Group Automobiles Change 52605/01

3
HEADLESS SCREWS AND SIMILAR COMPONENTS NOT SUBJECT TO TRACTION

3.1
Classification, designation and use
Each of the three possible strength classes is identified by a symbol formed by the letter H
preceded by a number representing 1/10 of the minimum Vickers hardness value (see Table
below). Class 22 H and 33 H components must be hardened and tempered.

Strength class Data processing

Use code
designation
(according to Std. 50020)

Cross-headless screws and similar components are not

14 H () 25108
subject to traction with low mechanical properties

Headless screws and similar components are not subject

22 H 25109
to traction with medium mechanical properties

Headless screws and similar components are not subject

33 H 25110
to traction with high mechanical properties

() It replaces the previous class 11 H, when class 11 H is recommended for headless screws
or similar components not subject to traction.

3.2
Materials

WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FGA S.P.A. IN CASE OF DISPUTE THE ONLY VALID REFERENCE IS THE ITALIAN EDITION.
The suitable types of steel must have the chemical and structural properties indicated in the
Table below.

IF THE ITALIAN EDITION IS NOT AVAILABLE OR NOT UPDATED, THE ENGLISH EDITION IS THE VALID REFERENCE.
Max. Chemical composition limits %p () (product analysis)

THIS DOCUMENT MUST NOT BE REPRODUCED OR CIRCULATED TO THE THIRD PARTIES

threading
Strength Material and heat
diameter
class treatment ()
of screw C Min. mn S max. P max.
min.
(mm)

14 H Non-alloy or alloy
24 0.50 – – 0.15 0.11
() steel

22 H Hardened and 0.28 (0.19)

() tempered non-alloy 24 0.45 – 0.04 0.04
CONFIDENTIAL

() or alloy steel 0.50

Hardened and 16 0.28 (0.22) 0.5 (–)

33 H
tempered non-alloy 0.45 0.04 0.04
() 24 0.5 (0.3)
or alloy steel 0.50

() refers to the sum of the alloy element percentage values, more specifically:
Cr Ni Mo V (Mn – 0.8). The addend (Mn – 0.8) should only be considered
when it is positive.
() The use of Boron steels is permitted (content of B = 0.0005 0.005%). The presence of
Boron together with a manganese percentage equal to 0.60% allows to lower the
minimum content of carbon and of to the values shown in brackets.
() The use of lead steels is allowed in the production of screws by shaving removal. In this
case, the Pb content must be as follows: Pb 0.35%
() The use of steels for high-speed machining is allowed. In this case, the content of sulphur
and phosphorus must be as follows: S 0.34% and P 0.12%.
() The use of steels for high-speed machining is allowed. In this case, the content of sulphur
must be as follows: S 0.13%.

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52605/01 Change
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3.3
Decarburisation
For decarburisation measurement, see Spec. 9.52605/01 and the Table below.

Strength class
Feature
22 H 33 H

Minimum height of non-decarburated area of the thread, E () 2/3 h3 3/4 h3

Maximum depth of total thread decarburation, G (mm) 0.015

Maximum depth of total decarburation on bottom of thread () 1/10 h3 1/13 h3

Total decarburation on surfaces machined by shaving removal Absent

() h3 = height of thread in maximum material condition.

3.4
Mechanical properties
For the measurement of the mechanical properties, see Spec. 9.52605/01 and the Table
WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FGA S.P.A.. IN CASE OF DISPUTE THE ONLY VALID REFERENCE IS THE ITALIAN EDITION.

below.
IF THE ITALIAN EDITION IS NOT AVAILABLE OR NOT UPDATED, THE ENGLISH EDITION IS THE VALID REFERENCE.

Strength class
THIS DOCUMENT MUST NOT BE REPRODUCED OR CIRCULATED TO THE THIRD PARTIES

Characteristics
14 H 22 H 33 H

Vickers hardness HV, F 98 N 140 220 220 330 330 450

HRB 75 95 95 –
Rockwell hardness ()
HRC – 33 33 45
Surface hardness: HV 0.3 max – Core HV 0.3 value 30
CONFIDENTIAL

Indicative value of the ultimate tensile strength obtained by

2 470 720 1070
hardness conversion (N/mm )

() Vickers test results are ruling factor in case of dispute.

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Fiat Group Automobiles Change 52605/01
4

NUTS

4.1
Classification, designation and recommended couplings
Each of the six possible strength classes is identified by a symbol formed by a number
2
representing 1/100 of the unitary test load expressed in N/mm . If the nominal nut height is
0.8 d, the number is preceded by a 0 (see Table below). Class 05, 10 and 12 nuts must be
hardened and tempered.

Strength classes for Data processing

Strength class Previous Nut nominal
screws with expected code (according to
designation designation height ()
coupling Standard 50020)

04 R50 0.5 d m 0.8 d () 25106

05 R80 (0.4 d hf 0.6 d () 25107

5 R40 4.8 – 5.8 – R 50 SD STAB 25059

8 R50 m 0.8 d 8.8 – R 80 SD 25060

10 R80 (hf 0.6 d) 10.9 25061

12 R100 12.9 25062

() m = nominal height; hf = actual height of threading; d = threading nominal diameter.

WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FGA S.P.A. IN CASE OF DISPUTE THE ONLY VALID REFERENCE IS THE ITALIAN EDITION.
() The strength classes 04 and 05, due to limited height of the respective nuts, cannot be
paired directly in strong couplings with certain screw strength classes. They are used as

IF THE ITALIAN EDITION IS NOT AVAILABLE OR NOT UPDATED, THE ENGLISH EDITION IS THE VALID REFERENCE.
lock-nuts instead. It must also be noted that the actual screw–nut coupling tightness is less
than the test load inferred, for each class, on the basis of the unitary test load described in

THIS DOCUMENT MUST NOT BE REPRODUCED OR CIRCULATED TO THE THIRD PARTIES

§ 4.4.

CONFIDENTIAL

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52605/01 Change
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4.2
Chemical composition
The suitable types of steel must have the chemical properties and heat treatment
characteristics indicated in the Table below.

Chemical composition limits %p

Strength Material and
class heat treatment (product analysis) ()

C Min. mn () min. S max. P max.

5 () Non-alloy or alloy steel 0.50 – – 0.15 0.11
04 and 8
Non-alloy or alloy steel 0.55 0.25 – 0.06 0.05
()
0.24
05 and 10 Hardened and tempered (0.19)
0.30 () 0.04 0.04
() () non-alloy or alloy steel
0.50
0.28
Hardened and tempered (0.22) 0.5
12 () 0.45 0.04 0.04
alloy steel (–)
0.50
WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FGA S.P.A.. IN CASE OF DISPUTE THE ONLY VALID REFERENCE IS THE ITALIAN EDITION.

() refers to the sum of the alloy element percentage values, more specifically:
(Mn – 0.8). The addend (Mn – 0.8) should only be considered
IF THE ITALIAN EDITION IS NOT AVAILABLE OR NOT UPDATED, THE ENGLISH EDITION IS THE VALID REFERENCE.

Cr Ni Mo V
when it is positive.
THIS DOCUMENT MUST NOT BE REPRODUCED OR CIRCULATED TO THE THIRD PARTIES

() The use of Boron steels is permitted (content of B 0.0005 0.005%). The presence of
Boron together with a manganese percentage equal to 0.60% allows to lower the
minimum content of carbon and of to the values shown in brackets.
() The use of lead steels is allowed in the production of nuts by shaving removal. In this
case, the Pb content must be as follows: Pb 0.35.
() The use of steels for high-speed machining is allowed. In this case, the content of sulphur
and phosphorus must be as follows: S 0.34% and P 0.12%.
() The use of steels for high-speed machining is allowed. In this case, the content of sulphur
CONFIDENTIAL

must be as follows: S 0.13%.

() Alloy elements may be needed to obtain the mechanical properties.

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Fiat Group Automobiles Change 52605/01

4.3
Decarburisation (only for classes 05, 10 and 12)
For decarburisation measurement, see Spec. 9.52605/01 and the Table below.

Strength class
Feature
05 and
12
10

Minimum height of non-decarburated area of the thread, E () 2/3 h3 3/4 h3

Total thread decarburation Absent

Maximum depth of partial decarburation on bottom of thread () 1/10 h3 1/13 h3

Global decarburation on surfaces machined by shaving removal Absent

() h3 = height of thread in maximum material condition.

4.4
Mechanical properties
For the measurement of the mechanical properties, see Spec. 9.52605/01 and the Table
below.

WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FGA S.P.A. IN CASE OF DISPUTE THE ONLY VALID REFERENCE IS THE ITALIAN EDITION.
IF THE ITALIAN EDITION IS NOT AVAILABLE OR NOT UPDATED, THE ENGLISH EDITION IS THE VALID REFERENCE.
Strength class

THIS DOCUMENT MUST NOT BE REPRODUCED OR CIRCULATED TO THE THIRD PARTIES

Feature
5 04 8 05 10 12
2
Unitary test load Rcp (N/mm ) 500 400 800 500 1000 1200

Vickers hardness HV, F 98 N 130 302 188 302 250 320 310 373

HRB 71 89 – –
Rockwell hardness ()
HRC 30 30 22 32 31 38
CONFIDENTIAL
Indicative value of the ultimate tensile
strength, Rm, obtained by hardness 420 630 830 1000
2
conversion (N/mm )

()Vickers test results are ruling factor in case of dispute.

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52605/01 Change
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5
TREATMENT AND/OR COATING CONDITIONS

5.1
Dehydrogenation
Class 10.9 and 12.9 screws and class 12 nuts, if pickled or lined galvanically, must then
undergo a suitable dehydrogenation treatment. The dehydrogenation cycle must comply with
the Standards corresponding to the process the screws and nuts underwent.

5.2
Phosphorus removal
Class 10.9 and 12.9 screws must undergo a phosphorus removal treatment before the
hardening and tempering process, unless all the component areas subject to traction are
machined by shaving removal after the heat treatment.
WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT BY FGA S.P.A.. IN CASE OF DISPUTE THE ONLY VALID REFERENCE IS THE ITALIAN EDITION.
IF THE ITALIAN EDITION IS NOT AVAILABLE OR NOT UPDATED, THE ENGLISH EDITION IS THE VALID REFERENCE.
THIS DOCUMENT MUST NOT BE REPRODUCED OR CIRCULATED TO THE THIRD PARTIES
CONFIDENTIAL

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