JESUS DELA PEÑA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Finals in Math 11 (Second Semester)

Name: ______________________________ Score:______________________

Grade and Section: ____________________ Teacher: Ms. Mary Ferlyn S. Santos

I. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Read each item carefully and choose the correct answer. Write the letter
of your answer in the space provided before each number. (25 points)

_____1. Which of the following will best define correlation?

A. the casual relationship between two variables.
B. the association between two variables
C. the proportion of variance that two variables share
D. a statistical method that can only be used with a correlational research design.

_____2. If two variables are highly correlated, what do you know?

A. that they always go together
B. that high values on one variable lead to high values on the other variable
C. that there are no other variables responsible for the relationship
D. that changes in one variable are accompanied by predictable changes in the other

_____3. If paired scores occupy the same positions within their own distributions (high with high
and low with low)
A. Pearson r will be low and negative. C. standard deviation will be high.
B. Pearson r will be high and positive. D. Pearson r will be close to 0.

_____4. Which of the following indicates the strongest relationship?

A. r = .5 B. r = .09 C. r = - .6 D. r2 = .2

_____5. A researcher finds a correlation of .40 between personal income and the number of years
of college completed. Based upon this finding he can conclude that
A. a person who attended four years of college will have an annual income of P40,000.
B. more years of education causes higher income.
C. personal income is a positively skewed variable.
D. more years of education are associated with higher income.

_____6. What is the correlation between the following z-scores?

A. 0.79
B. - 0.79
C. -0.97
D. - 0.97

_____7. In calculating r with raw scores, the numerator of r represents

A. the variance of X. C. the variance of X multiplied by the variance of Y.
B. the variance of Y. D. the covariance of X and Y.

_____8. The coefficient of determination tells us

A. the proportion of variance in X accounted for by the mean of Y.
B. the proportion of variance in Y accounted for by X.
C. the mean value of Y.
D. the mean value of X.

_____9. Which of the following may have an adverse effect on a correlation coefficient?
A. too many people in your experiment
 B. restricting the range of possible scores
C. the scores on one variable have larger numbers than the other variable
D. a negative relationship between your X and Y variables

_____10. Which of the following would not allow you to calculate a correlation?
A. a negative relationship between X and Y
B. a positive relationship between X and Y
C. a curvilinear relationship between X and Y
D. a linear relationship between X and Y

_____11. Which of the following is not a use for r?

A. reliability B. correlation C. power analysis D. validity

_____12. When Larry watches professional football games on television, he notices that the num
ber of penalties tend to increase as the game nears its end. Larry has observed a _____
correlation.
A. negative B. positive C. causal D. strong

_____13. Marita does not believe in the adage, "There is safety in numbers." She knows that when
many people observe an accident, the victim is less likely to receive assistance. Marita be
lieves that there is a _____ correlation between these variables.
A. Small B. Large C. Negative D. Positive

_____14. When Paul uses more expensive fuel in his car, he finds that he can drive more miles for
each gallon of gas than when he uses cheaper fuel. This example highlights a _____ corre
lation.
A. casual B. weal C. Negative D. Positive

_____15. You believe that there is a weak relationship between your height and the grades you
earn in your psychology course. Which of the following pieces of evidence would support
your belief?
A. a positive correlation coefficient C. A correlation coefficient close to 0.0
B. a negative correlation coefficient D. a correlation coefficient close to 1.0

_____16. A politician makes the following claim in a speech: "Correlational research has clearly
shown that a lack of education causes people to turn to a life of drugs." What is wrong with
this politician's claim?
A. Correlational research does not prove that one variable causes another.
B. The data to which the politician referred was based on a small sample size.
C. The politician misinterpreted the direction of the correlation.
D. It would be unethical to conduct correlational research on people's drug use.

_____17. If for a distribution difference of first quartile and median is greater than difference of me
dian and third quartile then distribution is classified as
A. absolute open ended C. negatively skewed
B. positively skewed D. not skewed at all
_____18. If first quartile and third quartile are as 32 and 35 respectively with median of 20 then dis
tribution is skewed to
A. lower tail B. upper tail C. close end tail D. open end tail

_____19. If beta one is 9, beta two is 11 then coefficient of skewness is

A. 0.589 B. 0.689 C. 0.489 D. 0.889

_____20. Measurement techniques used to measure extent of skewness in data set values are
called
A. measure of distribution width C. measure of tail distribution
 B. measure of median tail D. measure of skewness

_____21. Statistical measures such as average deviation, standard deviation and mean are
classified as part of
A. deciles system B. moment system C. percentile system D. quartile system

_____22. __________ are used to infer that the results from a sample are reflective of the true
population scores.
A. Descriptive statistics C. Correlated statistics
B. Regression statistics D. Inferential statistics

_____23. The _________ states the means are ________.

A. null hypothesis; not equal C. null hypothesis; equal
B. research hypothesis; equal D. research hypothesis; not equal

_____24. A sampling distribution is what we called _____.

A. based on the assumption the null hypothesis is true.
B. a probability distribution.
C. specified by the null hypothesis.
D. All the above.

_____25. Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A. The analysis of variance is an extension of the t-test.
B. When a study has only one independent variable with two groups, F and t2 are identical.
C. A direction of differences between groups must be specified in critical F.
D. Degrees of freedom are the number of scores free to vary once the means are known.

_____26. The F statistic is a ratio of two types of variance: __________ variance and error
varance.
A. random B. individual C. true D. systematic

_____27. Cohen's d expresses effect size in terms of _________.

A. standard deviation units C. mean units
B. range units D. variance units

_____28. A Type I error occurs when the null hypothesis is

A. rejected and the research hypothesis is actually false.
B. accepted but and research hypothesis is actually true.
C. rejected and null hypothesis is actually true.
D. accepted and null hypothesis is actually true.

_____29. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. A very low significance level increases the chances of a Type I error.
B. If the effect size is small, a Type II error is unlikely.
C. When the null hypothesis is rejected, the population means are equal.
D. True differences are more likely to be detected if the sample size is large.

_____30. If a mechanic looks at your car engine and says there is nothing wrong with it and your
car breaks down when you leave the garage, what type of error did the mechanic make?
A. Type I. B. Type II C. Systematic error D. Matrix error

_____31. If the null hypothesis was rejected and there was 1 chance out of 100 that the decision
was wrong, what was the alpha level in the study?
A. 0.01 B. 0.10 C. 0.001 D. 0.100

_____32. The probability of a Type II error is related to __________.

A. sample size C. effect size
 B. significance level (alpha) D. All of the above.

_____33. Which of the following is NOT a reason for a Type II error?

A. incomprehensive instructions to participants
B. a very weak manipulation of the independent variable
C. using a dependent measure that is unreliable and insensitive
D. increasing sample size

_____34. Dr. P is using a t-test to compare the means of two groups. There are 25 participants in
each group. How many degrees of freedom are there in this test?
A. 23 B. 24 C. 48 D. 49

_____35. What does it mean to standardize a score?

A. Make it so the mean of the scores is 10 and the standard deviation is 2.
B. Make it so the mean of the distribution is 100 and the standard deviation is 10.
C. Make it so a given measure can be interpreted in a variety of contexts and
circumstances.
D. Make it so the z-table can be used for percentiles.

_____36. Standardization allows a researcher to

A. locate where a score falls in a distribution and describe how it compares to other scores
in the distribution.
B. identify whether data entry errors have been made.
C. "normalize" their data.
D. compare their data to SAT scores.

_____37. A raw score is any score

A. that comes from a distribution.
B. that has not been analyzed or transformed.
C. that has been analyzed or transformed.
D. that has been turned into a z-score.

_____38. A z-score tells you

A. how far above or below the mean a score lies.
B. the original raw score on which it is based.
C. if the distribution it comes from is normal.
D. how far above or below the mean a score lies in standard deviation units.

_____39. The reason we use the standard deviation in the denominator of the z-score formula is
because
A. it is a number we already know
B. it always equals 1.
C. we can then be sure that the resulting distribution is normal.
D. it takes into account the units of the original metric.

_____40. The z distribution _____.

A. contains 100% of all scores within -3 and +3 standard deviations.
B. has a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 10.
C. is positively skewed.
D. has a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1.

_____41. Which of the following is not true about the z-score distribution?
A. The mean of any z-distribution is always 0.
B. The standard deviation of any z-distribution is always 1.
C. The z-distribution always looks normal.
D. The z-distribution always keeps the raw score distribution's shape.
_____42. Tina's score on her midterm exam was at the 50th percentile. The grades were normally
distributed. The exam average was 78 and the standard deviation was 6. What was Tina's
score on the exam?
A. 90 B. 50 C. 84 D. 78

_____43. Jane recently had a baby. She named him Tyler. Jane was told that the weights of ba-
bies born in this hospital are normally distributed and the mean is 7 lbs. 8 oz., with a standard
deviation of 4 oz. Tyler's weight at birth was in the 15th percentile. How much did Tyler
weigh when he was born?
A. 7 lbs., 4 oz. B. 7 lbs., 8 oz. C. 7 lbs., 10 oz. D. 7 lbs., 12 oz.

_____44. A z-score of 2.3 on a normally distributed measure corresponds to a percentile rank of

A. .4893 B. 48.93 C. 98.93 D. 1.07

_____45. If you transform a z-score of 2.35 into a T-score with a mean of 25, what is its value?
A. 27.35 B. 23.5 C. 48.5 D. 250

_____46. Susie and Joan complain that they make very little money at their jobs; they are both ra
dio announcers. The population of 27,000 radio announcers averages P27,500 per year
with a standard deviation of P5,300. Susie makes P25,000 per year and Joan makes
P32,500. What is the z-score for Joan's salary?
A. 0.94 B. -0.47 C. 0.47 D. -0.94

_____47. I scored in the 98th percentile on an achievement test last year. The test scores were
normally distributed with an average of 1200 and a standard deviation of 150. What was my
score?
A. 950 B. 1350.25 C. 1507.5 D. 892.5

_____48. If 3,500 people took the achievement test, how many scored lower than the 98th
percentile?
A. 70 B. 3,430 C. 3,420 D. 2%

_____49. Bob has a z-score of 1.74 on the achievement test. Did he score higher than my score in
the 98th perentile? What was Bob's score?
A. Bob scored higher than I, his score was 3288.
B. Bob scored higher than I, his score was 1461.
C. Bob scored lower than I, his score was 261.
D. Bob scored lower than I, his score was 1461.

_____50. Which of the following is not true about the z-score distribution?
A. The mean of any z-distribution is always 0.
B. The standard deviation of any z-distribution is always 1.
C. The z-distribution always looks normal.
D. The z-distribution always keeps the raw score distribution's shape.