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Causes infection transmitted primarily by sexual contact, causes vaginitis in women and NGU in men: Chlamydia Trachomatis
Primary treatment for simple abscess/ boils: Incision and Drainage / Antibiotics
Fever, Myalgia, arthralgia, chills, and hypotension 6-8 hours after initial dose of anti-syphilitic treatment: Jarisch-Herxheimer
Reaction
Primary skin lesion of syphilis: Chancre
Most endemic malarial species in the PH: Plasmodium Falciparum
For screening and monitoring of treatment response of syphilis: VDRL / RPR
2 malarial species with dormancy state in the liver: Vivax / Ovale
Two important co-receptors in the cell surface of CD4+ T-lymphocytes that facilitates entry and fusion of HIV: CCR5 / CXCR4
Window period fo HIV/AIDS: 8 months
HIV related malignancies: Kaposi's Sarcoma, Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Vaccine Preventable Malignancies: Cervical Malignancy, Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Envelope glycoprotein detected in HIV-1 positive Western Blot Confirmatory Test: gp120, gp41
Enzyme needed to trasncribe RNA to DNA in AIDS patients: Reverse Transcriptase Enzyme
Give the clinical problems encountered during the different phases of dengue
1. Febrile Phase
1. Hemorrhage
2. Dehydration
3. High fever causing neurological disturbances and febrile seizures in children
2. Clinical Phase
1. Prolonged shock from plasma leakage
2. Severe Hemorrhage
3. Organ impairment
4. Intracranial bleed
5. Heepatic failure
6. Coagulopathy
7. Metabolic abnormalities (Hypoglycemia, Hyponatremia, Hypocalcemia)
3. Recovery Phase
1. Hypervolemia / Intravascular fluid overload
Recommended anti-TB drugs, duration and dosage of therapy for CNS TB in a 30 year old male (Body wt = 40kg)
60y/o male sustained a puncture wound. Facial and UE musucle spasm. Rigid abdomen. What will you tell the patient's family? -
Should be admitted because he is having stage 2 tetanus complications
What is the clinical type of tetanus - Generalized
Stage 3 tetanus comprises the following: <7 days incubation, (+) Trismus, Paroxysmal spasms frequent and problonged
Doc for Tetanus - Metronidazole
Upon discharge, tetanus toxoid schedule? - 0, 1, 6 then yearly for 2 years
Fever for 3 days with reddening of conjunctiva. With nausea and vomiting, myalgia. CBC and UA requested, physician said
probably dengue. 2 days after, moderate grade fever, tachypneic, decreased urine output.
Diagnosis - Leptospirosis
Increased risk of mortality of patient with this diagnosis: Altered Mental Status
Gold standard for diagnosis: Culture and Isolation
Prophylaxis of low exposure with single history of wading in flood: Doxycycline 200mg OD once 24-72 hours after exposure
2 alternative treatment for moderate - severe leptospirosis: Ceftriaxone, IV Ampicillin
7 Year old, 37kgs. Bitten by stray cat. Avulsed wound over right forearm. Date of incident: March 23, 2015. Sought consult:
March 24, 2015.
Category of exposure: Category 3
Give dose of rabies immunoglobulin: ERIG 7.4mL HRIG 4.92mL
Give completed updated 2 site ID post-EP schedule (day of immunization, dose, site, of injection)
D0 - Right deltoid (0.1)
D3 - Left Deltoid (0.1)
D7 - Right Thigh (0.1)
D28 - Left Thigh (0.1)
Common bacterial pathogens that causes bacterial meningitis with the ff predisposing factors:
<1 month: E.Coli , Group B Strep
>50 years old: S. pneumonia , N. meningitides , L. monocytogenes , H. influenzae
SIRS:
<36 >38C
HR > 90
RR >20 or PaCO2 <32mmhG
WBC >12000mm3 <4000 or >10% bands
DRUGS OF CHOICE:
S. typhi - Chloramphenicol
MRSA - Vancomycin
MSSA - Oxacillin
Pseudominas aeruginosa - Ceftazidime, Ticarcillin, Piperacillin - Tazobactam
Schistosoma Japonicum - Praziquantel
Clostridium tetani - Metronidazole
Candida Albicans - Fluconazole
Plasmodium Falciparum - Artemether/Lumefantrine
Pneumocystis Carinii - Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole
Treponema Pallidum - Pen G
Toxoplasma gondii - Pyrimethamine + Sulfadiazine
Corynebacterium diptheriae - Metronidazole, Erythromycin, Procaine Pen G
Cryptococcus Neoformans - Fluconazole
Neiserria Gonorrheae - Ceftriaxone IM + Azithromycin PO
Neiserria Meningitidis - Pen G
Herpes Simplex Virus - Acyclovir
Diphtheria - Aqueous Penicillin
Syphillis - Benzathene Penicillin
Latent TB: After inhalation of droplet nuclei, reactive TST, absence of clinical and radiographic changes
Pott's disease: 2HRZE + 6/9/12/18HR
HCOV 229E
HCOV OC43
HCOV NL63
HCOV KHU1
MERS COV
Initial IVF for 3yr old brought to ER with 3 days history of watery mucoid stools: D5LR
1 year old male brought to ER + 3 days high fever + bluish spot in the center of inner aspect of chest: Measles
Co-trimoxazole (TMP - SMX) (TMP 15-20mg) (SMX 75-100mg) per kg/day PO in 3 divided doses for 21 days
(mild to moderate)
Male had casual sex -> dysuria, urethral discharge and gram stain showed intracellular and extracellular gram negative
diplococci (GONORRHEA)
What antibacterials will be prescribed to these patients?
Drug of choice for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy: Cephalexin 500mg BID for 7 days
PCP Prophylaxis:
TMP 15-20mg/kg/day
SMX 75-100 mg/kg/day
Dapsone/Trimethoprim
Dapsone 100mg OD
TMP 15mg/kg/day
Signs of Envenomation:
Myotoxicity
Neurotoxicity
Hemorrhage
1: AFB gs/cs
2: culture and sensitivity
3: cell cytology
4: protein and sugar analysis
General rule: all travelers who have been to malaria endemic areas within how many days who present with fever are considered
to have malaria unless proven otherwise: 7 days
Treatment for uncomplicated chloroquine resistant P. falciparum or P. vivax malaria: Artemeter
Transmitted by a bat except: H1N1 influenza
Malarial paroxysms lasting for hours with regular periodicity coincide with: Exit of merozoites into the bloodstream after
breaking down their host cell membrane
Person with Ebola virus can resume unrpotected sexual activity within this period: 3 months
HRIG: single dose 20 IU/kg in all age groups
Paralytic rabies: Hypophonia, Ascending paralysis, neck stiffness, normal sensorium
Biphasic fever: Dengue Hemorrhagic feever
Patients with malaria, schistosomasis or histoplasmosis are at increased risk of severe disease with this entity: Salmonella typhi
Renal complications are rare in this disease: Typhoid fever
Differential diagnosis of DHF: Japanese B encephalitis, Yellow fever
Adult antibiotic prophylaxis for household or intimate contacts of patients with meningococcal disease: Rifampicin 600mg q12
for 2 days in adults