Fastran Tut 04 Tankdrop

Unsteady Simulation of Tank
Dropping from a Wing
FASTRAN Tutorial 4
Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Part 1 : Steady Simulation

Objectives
This tutorial covers the following subjects:
Setting a model name and title for the problem.
Reading a multi domain, DTF grid, and building a CFD-FASTRAN
model.
Setting fluid properties such as molecular weight.
Setting initial values for the flow field to perform a steady state
simulation.
Setting initial values for the flow field to perform unsteady
simulation.
Setting appropriate boundary conditions.
Setting up a Chimera problem with overset grids.
Setting up a moving grid simulation by associating the 6-DOF
models with the grids.
Setting solution iterations and cycles.
Choosing a suitable time-integration scheme and setting CFL
numbers.

Problem Description
The unsteady simulation involves a moving body and

demonstrates the use of chimera and 6-DOF modeling
features in CFD-FASTRAN.
The flow has a free stream Mach number of 0.5.
The freestream temperature and pressure are
101325Pa and 288.16K, respectively.
A line sketch of the computational domain is shown in
Fig 1 and 2.

Problem Description
Fig 1: Overset grid for a 2D, Wing-tank Configuration

Problem Description
Fig 2: The 6DOF model for the tank-drop motion

Procedure:Model
To start CFD-FASTRAN,
type “CFD-FASTRAN-GUI”
on the screen. This action
launches the graphical user
interface.
Load the model
Select File/Open from the
Menu bar
The Open dialog panel opens.

Procedure:Model
Select the file named

“tankdrop.DTF” and press
the “Accept” button to
read the file.
The DTF file is read into CFD-
FASTRAN and a model
properties window appears on
the screen as shown in the
figure.
Wireframe outline of the model
appears in the viewing window
after pressing OK on the
model properties panel

Procedure:Model
Fig 3: Model as shown in CFD-FASTRAN-GUI

Procedure:Problem Type
Ensure that the Problem

Type [PT] tab is active so
that the control panel is in
Problem Type setting
mode
Under the modules
activate the Compressible
Flow (Flow) Module and
Overset Meshes
(Chimera).

Procedure:Model Options
Click on the Model

Options [MO] tab.
The Model Options panel
opens with a tab for setting
Global and Flow
parameters.
From the Global tab do

the following:
In the Title field enter “Fuel
Tank Jettison”.

Click on the Flow tab to

activate and set the
following properties:
Gas Model: Ideal Gas
Viscous Model: Turbulent
(Navier Stokes)
Ideal Gas Properties
Molecular Weight: 28.97
g/mol
Gamma: 1.4

Click on the Flow tab to

activate and set the
following properties:
Viscosity
Sutherland‟s Law
(Leave default coefficients)
Conductivity
Prandtl Number
Pr: 0.7
Turbulent Conductivity
Turb. Prandtl No: 0.9
Turbulence Model
K Epsilon (Wall Function)

Procedure:Volume Conditions
Click on the Volume

Condition [VC] tab
Select the Volume
Condition from the VC
explorer list.
Make sure that under the
VC Setting Mode the
Properties is set to “Fluid”

Procedure:Chimera Settings
Set the VC Setting Mode to

“Chimera”.
Select the Zone 1 from the VC
Explorer list. A panel is
displayed with additional
options.
Zone(s) are Overset?
Yes
Donor Zones: Manual Specification
Select Donor Zone
From the Donor Selection panel
select “Zone3” from the available
donors.
Buffer Layers :1
Fringe Layers :1

“Chimera”.
Select the Zone 2 from the
VC Explorer list. A panel is
options.
Yes
Select Donor Zone
From the Donor Selection panel
select “Zone3” from the available
donors.
Buffer Layers :1
Fringe Layers :1

“Chimera”.
Select the Zone 3 from the VC
Explorer list. A panel is
options.
Yes
Select Donor Zone
From the Donor Selection panel select
“Zone1” & “Zone2” from the available
donors.
Buffer Layers :1
Fringe Layers :1

Procedure:Boundary Conditions
Click on the Boundary

Condition [BC] tab.
The Boundary Condition
Page is presented and
the Model Explorer
changes to the BC mode
to list all of the boundary
conditions in the currently
active simulation.

In the explorer window
locate and, while holding
down the CTRL button,
select the following types
for each zone:
Zone 1: Patch # 1
Zone 2: Patch # 2

Select “Outlet” from the
Boundary Type menu.
From the Flow tab, set the
parameters as shown in
the adjacent figure.
Click “Apply”

locate and, while holding
down the CTRL button,
select the following types
for each zone:
Zone 1: Patch # 5
Zone 2: Patch # 5

Select “Inflow_Outflow”
from the Boundary Type
menu.
From the Flow tab, set the
parameters as shown in
the adjacent figure.
Click “Apply”

Set the Chimera Overset
Boundary Condition
locate and select the
following type:
Zone 3: Patch # 4

Select “Overset” from the
Boundary Type menu.
Click “Apply”

Procedure:Initial Conditions
Click on the Initial Conditions
[IC] tab.
From the IC Global Setting
section select “For All
Volumes” from the Initial
Condition option.
From the Explorer window
select all the volume
conditions.
All the three volume conditions
are highlighted and the Flow
tab changes to display
primitive variables.
From the Flow tab ensure that
IC Source is set to “Constant”
Set the variables to the values
shown in the figure below and
click “Apply”.
Procedure:Solver Controls
Press the Solver Control
[SC] tab to activate the
Solver Control setting
page.
There is a tab for each
major type of solver
control setting. There
are also tabs for the
solver output options
available from this page.

Under the Control tab for
Simulation do the
following:
Select “Steady State” as
the simulation as a steady
state analysis is being
performed.
Max. No. of Cycles = 500
Zonal Subcycles = 1
Convergence Crit. = 1E-
008

Time Step do the
following:
Time Step Size: Based On
CFL Number
Initial CFL = 1
Final CFL = 10
Ramping Cycles = 100

Under the Spatial Tab
set the following
parameters:
Flux Splitting: Roe‟s FDS
Spatial Accuracy: Higher
Order
Entropy Fix
Linear Waves
0.2 (Default)
Nonlinear Waves
0.2 (Default)
Gradient Limiters: Osher-
C(L)
K -> 0.333 (Default)

Under the Solvers tab set
the following parameters:
Time Integration:Implicit
Implicit Scheme: Point Jacobi
(Fully Implicit)
Subiterations = 20
Tolerance = 0.0001
Discretization: Backward
Euler
There are no settings

under Relax and Adv.

Procedure:Output
Click Out tab to open the
Output control panel
Under the Output tab set
the following:
Specified Interval
Cycles/Steps = 50
Same File

under Print, Monitor and
Graphic for this case.

Procedure:Run
Click Run tab to open the
Run Control Panel
Press the “Start
Simulation” button to start
the solution process

Procedure:Run
Because we have modified
the simulation data during
the solution setup process,
the data must first be
saved to a DTF file before
the solver can start.
Press the “Submit Job
Under Current Name”
button to save the
information and to launch
CFD-FASTRAN using the
same file.

Procedure:View Residuals
We can press the “View
Residuals” and “View
Output” buttons to see
real-time displays of the
residual history and output
file contents.
We are looking for a three
to five-orders of magnitude
drop in the solution
residuals.

Post Processing
CFD-VIEW can be used to

post-process the results:
Maximum Mach Number =
0.7037
Minimum Mach Number = 0.0
Part 1 of this tutorial is now
finished.

Part 2 : Moving Simulation

Part 2: Moving Simulation
After the completion of steady-state simulation. Make

a new directory (call it moving) under the current
working directory.
Copy the tankdrop.DTF to this directory.
This simulation will use the steady-state solution as
the initial condition.

Procedure:Model
To start CFD-FASTRAN,
type “CFD-FASTRAN” on
the screen. This action
launches the graphical user
interface.
Load the model
Select File/Open from the
Menu bar
The Open dialog panel opens.
Browse the file from “Moving”
folder.

Procedure:Model
Select the file named
“tankdrop.DTF” and
press the “Accept”
button to read the file.
The DTF file is read into
CFD-FASTRAN and a
model properties window
appears on the screen as
shown in the figure.
Wireframe outline of the
model appears in the
viewing window after
pressing OK on the model
properties panel

Procedure:Model
Fig 4: Model as shown in CFD-FASTRAN-GUI

Procedure:Problem Type
Ensure that the Problem
Type [PT] tab is active so
that the control panel is in
Problem Type setting
mode
Under the modules
activate the Compressible
Flow (Flow) Module,
Overset Meshes
(Chimera) and Moving-
Body Models (Moving).

Procedure:Define Motion Models
Click on the Model
Options [MO] tab.
The Model Options panel
opens with a tab for setting
Global, Flow and Moving
parameters.
Click on the Moving tab

and select “Define
Motion Models”.
The Motion Model Setup
panel appears as shown

There are two types of motion models supported by

CFD-FASTRAN.
6-DOF model in which the motion of a body is computed by
integrating forces and moments acting on the body due to
various factors such as aerodynamic forces, thrust, gravitational
forces etc.
PRESCRIBED model in which the motion of a body is prescribed
by specifying the velocity and direction in which the body will
move.
In the current tutorial, the store separating from the
wing moves under the influence of aerodynamic,
gravitational and ejector forces. Hence, the store will
be modeled as a 6-DOF motion model.

From the Motion Model
Setup dialog click “Add
Motion Model”
Under the Motion Model
Type, select “Six DOF”
Type “tankmotion” in the
field below the model
list.

While still in the Motion
Model Setup dialog click
on the “Edit Model”
button.
The Six DOF Motion
Model Setup panel
appears as shown here.

From the Six DOF Motion
Model Setup Panel set the
following parameters from the
respective sections:
Model Body Axis System
X:3.75E-1
Y:-1.5E-1
Mass and Moments of Inertia
Mass: 5.0
Ixx:2.5E-1
Iyy:2.5E-1
Izz:2.5E-1
Other Modeling Options
Aero. Force
Point Force
Gravity
Constraint

Edit the Aero. Force
Options:
From the Other Model
Options section of the
Six DOF Motion Model
Setup Panel select the
Edit Button to the right of
“Aero. Force”.
In the Edit Aerodynamic
Force Parameters panel,
enter “3” in the type-in
field and click OK.

Edit the Point Force Options:
From the „Other Modeling Options‟
section of the Six DOF Motion Model
Setup Panel select the Edit Button to
the right of “Point Force”.
In the Edit Force 1 dialog set the
parameter as shown in the figure on
the next page.
In the Force Function section of the
Edit Force 1 dialog select the “Edit”
button to the right of the 5th Order
Polynomial.
In the Enter Polynomial For Force 1
panel, enter –4.0E+3 in the Y field
for coefficient a0.
Press OK in each panel to return to
the Six DOF Motion Model Setup
panel.

Define Gravity Parameters
From the Other Model Options
section of the Six DOF Motion
Model Setup Panel select the
“Gravity”.
In the Edit Gravity Parameters
dialog that appears, enter the
values as shown here and
then click OK to return to the
Six DOF Motion Model Setup
Panel

Define Constraints
“Constraint”.
In the Constraint Set-up dialog
click “Add Constraint” and then
click “Edit Constraint”.
Ensure that the settings in the
Edit Constraint 1 panel that
appears are set as shown in
the next slide and then click
OK.


Define Constraints
“Constraint”.
OK.


Define Constraints
“Constraint”.
OK.


Define Constraints
“Constraint”.
OK.


Procedure:Define Grid Motion
“Moving”.
Select the Zone 3 from the
VC Explorer list. A panel is
options.
Zone(s) follow Rigid-Body
Motions?
Yes
Select the Motion Model
“tankmotion” from the drop down
list.

Procedure:Initial Conditions
Click on the Initial Conditions

[IC] tab.
From the IC Global Setting
section select “For All
Volumes” from the Initial
Condition option.

Press the Solver Control
[SC] tab to activate the
Solver Control setting
page.
There is a tab for each
major type of solver
control setting. There
are also tabs for the
solver output options
available from this page.

Simulation do the
following:
Select “Time Accurate”
Max. No. of Cycles = 600
Start Time = 0 sec
Max Time = 1

Time Step do the
following:
Time Step Size: Based On
CFL Number
Initial CFL = 50
Final CFL = 50
Ramping Cycles = 100

Under the Spatial Tab
set the following
parameters:
Flux Splitting: Roe‟s FDS
Spatial Accuracy: Higher
Order
Entropy Fix
Linear Waves
0.2 (Default)
Nonlinear Waves
0.2 (Default)
Gradient Limiters: Osher-
C(L)
K -> 0.333 (Default)

Under the Solvers tab set
the following parameters:
Time Integration:Implicit
Implicit Scheme: Point Jacobi
(Fully Implicit)
Subiterations = 20
Tolerance = 0.0001
Discretization: Backward
Euler

under Relax and Adv.

Procedure:Output
Click Out tab to open the
Output control panel
Under the Output tab set
the following:
Specified Interval
Cycles/Steps = 50
Unique File
Motion Output Cycles

Cycles Interval = 1
under Print, Monitor and
Graphic for this case.

Procedure:Run
Click Run tab to open the
Run Control Panel
Press the “Start
Simulation” button to start
the solution process

Procedure:Run
Because we have modified the
simulation data during the
solution setup process, the data
must first be saved to a DTF file
before the solver can start.
Press the “Submit Job Under
Current Name” button to save the
information and to launch CFD-
FASTRAN using the same file.
Note: A new file named
“tankdrop.DTF__backup” is
created to preserve the
unmodified grid.

Procedure:View Residuals
We can press the “View
Residuals” and “View
Output” buttons to see
real-time displays of the
residual history and output
file contents.


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Unsteady Simulation of Tank

Dropping from a Wing

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

The unsteady simulation involves a moving body and

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Fig 1: Overset grid for a 2D, Wing-tank Configuration

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Fig 2: The 6DOF model for the tank-drop motion

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Select the file named

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Fig 3: Model as shown in CFD-FASTRAN-GUI

Ensure that the Problem

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Click on the Model

From the Global tab do

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Click on the Flow tab to

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Click on the Flow tab to

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Click on the Volume

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Set the VC Setting Mode to

Set the VC Setting Mode to

Set the VC Setting Mode to

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Click on the Boundary

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

There are no settings

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

There are no settings

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

CFD-VIEW can be used to

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

After the completion of steady-state simulation. Make

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Fig 4: Model as shown in CFD-FASTRAN-GUI

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Click on the Moving tab

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

There are two types of motion models supported by

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.

Copyright © ESI Group, 2010. All rights reserved.