ES 13 – Engineering Data Analysis

Laboratory No. 2
Data Analysis using Scatter Plot in MS Excel

Name: Jeila Marie B. Jagna Rating:

Section: AM1

I. Introduction
[1]
A scatter plot, also known as a scatter graph or a scatter chart, is a two-
dimensional data visualization that uses dots to represent the values obtained for two
different variables - one plotted along the x-axis and the other plotted along the y-
axis.
A scatter plot reveals relationships or association between two variables.
Such relationships manifest themselves by any non-random structure in the plot.
(Chambers, 1983)
II. Learning Outcomes
At the end of this exercise, the students will be able to:
1. Determine the importance of scatter plot in data analysis,
2. Construct a scatter plot using MS Excel,
3. Interpret and discuss the results.

III. Results and Discussion

Given data in Table 1, is the amount of fertilizer applied for a certain crop per
hectare with the corresponding estimated production.

Table 2

Given data in Table 2, is the data for number

of street lights per barangay in Butuan City and the
crime rate in every barangay.
Table 1
 Figure 1: Amount of Fertilizer Applied for a Certain Crop per Hectare
with the Corresponding Estimated Production

Amount of Fertilizer Applied for a Certain Crop Per

Hectare with the Corresponding Estimated Production
160
150
140
Estimated Output
136
120 120
110
100 100
90 y = -0.2382x + 98.654
80 75
65
60 R² = 0.0635
60 50
45
40 30 36
20
20 10
0 5
0 50 100 150 200 250
Amount of Fertilizers Applied
Estimated Output (kg/hectare) Linear (Estimated Output (kg/hectare))

The scatter plot shown above indicates the negatively weak relationship between the
two variables—Amount of fertilizers applied for a certain crop per hectare and the
corresponding estimated production. The graph contains a line of best fit which is the
descending slope line drawn to represents the trend of the data. Based on the graph, it can be
seen that the precision of the points were not closely related to each other making its
correlation negatively weak. The curved pattern can also be noticed, it was formed by the
variable with the highest production of 150 and the fertilizer applied to it was 120
(kg/hectare).

Figure 2: Number of Street Lights and Crime Rate per Barangay in Butuan City

Number of Street Lights and Crime Rate per Barangay

in Butuan City
500
450 Obrero
400 Ambago
Crime Rate

Doongan y = -3.3443x + 509.61

350 R² = 0.8013
Villa Kananga
300 Baan
250 Ampayon
200 San Vicente
150 Libertad
100
50
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Number of Street Lights

The scatter plot presented above shows the negatively weak linear correlation
between the two variables— the number of street lights and crime rate in every barangay
in Butuan City. The graph contains a line of best fit which is the linear line drawn to
represents the trend of the data. It can be seen that the precision of the points were not
closely related to each other making its correlation negatively weak. Based on the graph,
we can conclude that the number of street light has nothing to do with the number of
crimes in barangays in Butuan City.
IV. Lifelong Learning of the Laboratory Exercise

The use of scatter plot offers us, students an avenue to appropriately analyse
patterns or relationship between two sets of data. Through this Laboratory Exercise, I
learned that scatter plot is really helpful in data analysis and was able to interpret and
discuss the results of the given data. It enabled me to see the correlation among data
points as it visually indicates both the direction of the relationship between x and y
variables, and the strength of the relationship. Scatter plot is great help for future
related works.

V. References
https://datavizcatalogue.com/methods/scatterplot.html
https://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/hndbook/eda/section3/scatter.htm
[1] https://chartio.com/learn/charts/what-is-a-scatter-plot/

https://philschatz.com/statistics-book/contents/m47109.html

https://www.itl.nist.gov/div8/handbook/eda/section3/scatterp.htm