Types of Sewerage Systems

The sewerage systems or water carriage systems are of the following

three types:
1. Separate System
2. Combined System
3. Partially Separate System

Separate system
In this system two sets of sewers are provided-one for carrying
domestic or sanitary sewage and industrial sewage, and the other for
carrying storm water (or rain water). The sewage from the first set of
sewers is carried to the treatment plant, and the storm water (or rain
water) from the second set of sewers is directly discharged into a
natural stream or river without any treatment.

Advantages and disadvantages of Separate System:

The separate system has the following advantages:

 The storm water (or rain water) is not unnecessarily polluted and
hence it can be discharged into natural stream or river without
any treatment.
 Sewers of smaller section can be easily ventilated as compared to
those of larger section.
 The quantity of sewage to be treated being small the treatment
works of smaller size would be needed and also the load on the
treatment units will be less.
The separate system has the following disadvantages:

 The sewers being of small size their cleaning is difficult.

 The system requires two sets of sewers and hence it may prove to
be costly.
 Maintenance costs of two sets of sewers are greater than that for
one.

Combined system
• In this system only one set of sewers is provided for carrying
domestic or sanitary sewage and industrial sewage as well as
 storm water (or rain water). Thus in this case sewage and storm
water (or rain water) are carried to the sewage treatment plant
before its final disposal.

Advantages and disadvantages of combined System:

The combined system has the following advantages:

 Since this system requires only one set of sewers the maintenance
costs are reduced and hence it may prove to be economical.
 The sewers being of larger size the chances of their choking are
less and also it is easy to clean them.
 The strength of the sewage is reduced by dilution due to storm
water (or rain water). This helps to make the treatment process
easier and more economical
The combined system has the following disadvantages:

• Due to inclusion of storm water (or rain water) treatment works

of larger size will be required and also the treatment units will
be heavily loaded.
• Storm water (or rain water) is unnecessarily polluted.
• Large sewers are more difficult to be ventilated than the smaller
ones.

Partially Separate Sewer System

In this system domestic or sanitary sewage and industrial sewage,
and the storm water (or rain water) which is drained from back
yards and roofs of houses are carried in the same set of sewers,
while the storm water (or rain water) drained from house fronts
as well as from streets and roads is collected and conveyed in a
separate set of open drains.
Advantages and disadvantages of Partially Separate
System:
The Partially Separate system has the following advantages:

• It combines the advantages of both separate system and combined

system.
• The storm water (or rain water) eliminates the chances of their
choking. Moreover, the sewers are completely cleaned during rainy
season.
• The problem of drainage of storm water (or rain water) from
houses is simplified.
The Partially Separate system has the following disadvantages:

• The storm water (or rain water) admitted in sewers may increase
the load on pumping and treatment units.
• During dry weather when there is no rain water, the velocity of
flow will be low. Thus self-cleansing velocity may not be
achieved.
 REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

CABANATUAN CITY, NUEVA ECIJA

SEWERAGE AND
WASTERWATER
TREATMENT
SUBMITTED BY:
Karl Angelo R. Cuellar
Dan Angelo Valsorable
Joseph L. Raymundo
Jovelyn Catipon
Venedic Duque
Virgilio Corpuz Jr.
John Wesley Ballestar
BSCE – 5F

SUBMITTED TO:
Engr. Emma C. Suarez
Subject Professor