Unit III

Population migration and

its impact on society
 Population migration and its
impact on society

• The impact migration on population size

• Impact on population distribution
• Impact on service provision
• Implications on economic activity
• Implications on the physical environment
 The impact of migration
Emigration and Immigration
✦An area of origin is a place from which emigrants leave
✦An area of destination is a place to which immigrants go
✦The process of migration has consequences for both- this
can be either positive or negative
 Not welcome: Japan refuses more than 99 percent of
refugee applications
Anti-refugee sentiment is rising in Europe and the United States
but in Japan those seeking haven from tyranny and war have long
faced daunting legal and social gauntlets.

Officials defend the low number, saying applicants are mainly

from Asian countries seeking access to Japan solely for
economic reasons.

Religious Affiliation Shapes Views Toward Refugees

 Impact on population size

• An area of origin must inevitably grow less quickly

if some people leave.
• mainly affected by rural- urban migration- the
rural areas being left behind.
 Impact on population distribution

★Migration also affects population

distribution.
★Mainly at a national scale as opposed to a
global scale.
★Rural- urban migration
 Implications for service provision

•Service provision can include shops (commercial),

and also public facilities such as health, education
and justice
•Threshold population needs to be considered for
each area to ensure it is viable to have a service
•Modern day society has witnessed primary schools,
hospitals closing and people have to travel further
to obtain these services.
Implications for economic activities

• Affected by out- migration particularly

the rural areas
• Positive side to migration- the origin
country receives remittances back from
the migrants.
 Implications for the physical
environment

• Out migration can bring environmental

p r o b l e m s i f l a n d a n d p r o p e r ty i s
abandoned, water control systems
neglected etc.
 Positive changes

•New people in the area- increased

demand for commercial services
•New workers
•Increased trade
•Cheap labour
 Negative changes

• Public service under too much pressure

• Accommodation problems- shanty towns
• Health and education services under pressure
• Pressure on water and sewage systems
• Transport and infrastructure becomes overloaded
• Pollution